114,466 research outputs found
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
Get PDFAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Important criteria for measuring heritage building condition
No full textThe excellence condition of a heritage building lies not only in the appearance of its individual elements, but also in the integrity of all its components, considered as unique criteria of the specific construction technology of its time and place. However, these criteria are varied and not specific. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and rank the important criteria for measuring the condition of heritage buildings in Malaysia. Data obtained through questionnaire and analyzed using Average Index (AI) in order to establish the important criteria. Samples were selected from a panel of experts in the field of heritage buildings management including industry players and academicians. The established criteria will be used as components to develop a new method of heritage building condition determination model in Malaysia
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Microwave assisted synthesis of salphen and salicylaldazine complexes: characterization and antimicrobial studies / Muhamad Azwan Muhamad Hamali
Get PDFThis thesis reported on the synthesis, characterization as well as biological application of Ni(II), Pd(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) salphen and thiocarbohydrazone Schiff base metal complexes. Both type of ligands, denoted as L1 and L2 for salphen and thiocarbohydrazone were synthesized using microwave irradiation technique. The syntheses began by preparing L1 and L2 ligands in 2:1 ratio. Each type of ligand was further reacted using microwave irradiation with metal acetate salts to formed L1 and L2 metal complexes. A total of 8 ligands and 32 metal complexes were synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, melting point, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The FTIR, NMR and UV-visible data of L1 complexes showed peak shifting trend of -OH, C=N, and C-Ophenolic indicated that the metal ions of the dinuclear complexes were coordinated to the ligand through azomethine nitrogen, and deprotonated phenolic oxygen in a tetradentate ONNO manner. On the other hand, spectroscopic analyses obtained for L2 series were in contrary with the proposed structure. In addition, Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCD) was conducted on both ligand series to further elucidate the structures. Based on the crystallographic data, it was revealed that L1 series ligand formed as proposed, whereas L2 ligands formed an azine-type ligand instead of thiocarbohydrazone, in which the C=S and N-N functional groups were appeared missing. This absence of C=S and N-N functional groups were supported by the spectroscopic data obtained. As for the metal complexes of both series, the magnetic properties of Pd(II) and Ni(II) complexes of L1 and L2 is suggested to be square planar and tetrahedral geometry respectively, whereas
for Zn(II) and Cd(II) of both series may exist as tetrahedral of square planar. Low conductance values of these complexes indicate non electrolyte in nature. All
synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial properties against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Screening of these compounds revealed that metal complexes showed higher inhibition activity compared to free ligands, in agreement with the Tweedy's chelation theory and Overtone concept of permeability. Most of the compound tested show moderate inhibition values of 7-13 mm. Among all the tested compounds, Cd(II) complexes with -H and -OMe derivatives on both ligand series were found to be potent in resisting the growth of most Gram positive bacteria tested. Nevertheless, the Cd(II) complexes showed moderate activity in comparison with standard antibiotic, gentamicin
Stably stratified shear-produced turbulence and large-scalewaves in a lid driven cavity
No full textWe study experimentally stably stratified sheared turbulence and large-scale flows and waves in a lid driven cavity with a non-zero vertical mean temperature gradient. Geometrical properties of the large-scale vortex (e.g., its size and form) and the level of small-scale turbulence inside the vortex are controlled by the buoyancy (i.e., by the temperature stratification). The observed velocity fluctuations are produced by the shear of the large-scale vortex. At larger stratification obtained in our experiments, the strong turbulence region is located at the upper part of the cavity where the large scale vortex exists. In this region the Brunt-Väisälä frequency is small and increases in the direction outside the large-scale vortex. This is the reason of that the large-scale internal gravity waves are observed in the regions outside the large-scale vortex. We found these waves by analyzing the non instantaneous correlation functions of the temperature and velocity fields. The observed large-scale waves are nonlinear because the frequency of the waves determined from the temperature field measurements is two times smaller than that obtained from the velocity field measurements. The measured intensity of the waves is of the order of the level of the temperature turbulent fluctuations
Ratio of n-6/n-3 in the diets of beef cattle
No full textEffects of feeding heat-treated canola (C), soybean (S) and flax (F) or mixtures on growth and slaughter characteristics, taste and fatty acid (FA) composition of beef tissue were investigated using 128 crossbred steers to determine the potential of improving the nutritional quality of beef for humans. For Trial 1 (48 steers), dietary treatments were: roasted C, extruded C, roasted S, extruded S, roasted F and extruded F. For Trial 2 (80 steers), the dietary treatments were: S:F (1:1), S:C (1:1), C:F (1:1) and S:F:C (1:1:1), and the oilseeds were processed either by roasting or extruding before mixing. Soybean meal and soybean oil were used to give equivalent lipid and protein contents to each experimental diet. The basal diet consisted of grass silage, barley grain, vitamins and minerals. Steers were fed for a minimum of 100d then slaughtered at a uniform degree of finish. Growth and slaughter characteristics of the steers were only slightly affected by dietary treatment in that the soybean-fed steers consumed more feed and had a higher average daily gain than the canola or flax-fed animals in Trial 1. There was no difference in taste panel parameters for any of the treatments. Inclusion of flax in the diet increased the total n-3 content of meat. Similar results were found for canola and C18:1n-9 although this was not the case for soybean and the n-6 FA. For the n-6 FA in the PL and neutral lipid fractions of the meat samples, levels were correlated with high dietary levels of n-6 or n-9 with low levels of n-3 while for the n-3 FA, levels were correlated with high dietary n-3 levels and low n-6 levels. Oilseed processing method did not have an effect on any fatty acid levels. It is possible to modify the FA composition of beef meat toward a healthier profile by including heat-treated oilseeds in the diet to influence the degree of lipid metabolism in the rumen.ID: S0377840111004007; M3: Article; Accession Number: S0377840111004007; Author: M.A. McNiven (a, ⁎); Author: J.L. Duynisveld (b); Author: T. Turner (a); Author: A.W. Mitchell (a); Affiliation: Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of PEI, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada C1A 4P3; Affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Nappan, NS, Canada B0L 1C0; Keyword: Oilseeds; Keyword: Roasted; Keyword: Extruded; Keyword: Fatty acids; Keyword: Healthy fat; Number of Pages: 11; Language: English
Recommended from our members
Identifying idiolect in forensic authorship attribution: an n-gram textbite approach
No full textForensic authorship attribution is concerned with identifying authors of disputed or anonymous documents, which are potentially evidential in legal cases, through the analysis of linguistic clues left behind by writers. The forensic linguist “approaches this problem of questioned authorship from the theoretical position that every native speaker has their own distinct and individual version of the language [. . . ], their own idiolect” (Coulthard, 2004: 31). However, given the diXculty in empirically substantiating a theory of idiolect, there is growing concern in the Veld that it remains too abstract to be of practical use (Kredens, 2002; Grant, 2010; Turell, 2010). Stylistic, corpus, and computational approaches to text, however, are able to identify repeated collocational patterns, or n-grams, two to six word chunks of language, similar to the popular notion of soundbites: small segments of no more than a few seconds of speech that journalists are able to recognise as having news value and which characterise the important moments of talk. The soundbite oUers an intriguing parallel for authorship attribution studies, with the following question arising: looking at any set of texts by any author, is it possible to identify ‘n-gram textbites’, small textual segments that characterise that author’s writing, providing DNA-like chunks of identifying material
Investigation of a flow field generated by a fractal grid based on experimental data and CFD simulations
No full textFractal grids generate turbulence by directly exciting many length-scales of different sizes simultaneously, rather than using the nonlinear cascade mechanism to obtain multiscale excitation, as it is the case for classical grids. These scales influence each other and show very different properties compared to all previously documented turbulent flows. In this work we present experimental wind tunnel and computer fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of the turbulent flow generated by a fractal grid under the same conditions. We did an extensive statistical study and a direct comparison between the experimentally and numerically acquired time series in order to investigate and compare one-point- and two-point-statistics. In addition we present an application of a stochastic method, so-called Langevin approach, to the experimentally and numerically acquired velocity increment time series to examine three-point-statistics in terms of Kramers-Moyal coefficients
- …
