1,720,995 research outputs found
Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: How to Deal with them in Clinical Practice?
No full textNon functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
No full textNonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasia (NF-PanNEN) are a wide group of heterogeneous tumors, increasingly diagnosed in recent years. NF-PanNEN are classified in different categories based on Ki67 proliferation index and their morphology (well differentiated PanNEN, poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine-non neuroendocrine neoplasia). Preoperative evaluation of NF-PanNEN consists of both conventional morphological radiological examination and functional imaging. Treatment depends on several factors such as stage, patient characteristics, and aggressiveness of disease. Surgical management of NF-PanNEN is highly variable ranging from observation for small asymptomatic lesions to multivisceral resection in advanced forms. A multidisciplinary tailored approach is always recommended for choosing the best management in patients affected by NF-PanNEN
Surgical Therapy of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
No full textPancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are relatively rare entities, which consist of single or multiple benign or malignant neoplasms. It will be shown that in 10-20 % of patients, they can be associated with inherited syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Those tumors are clinically heterogeneous and classified into functioning (10-30 %) and nonfunctioning (70-90 %) types, depending on their ability to produce symptoms due to hormone production. Because of their rarity, as well as their relatively indolent natural history, treatment approaches are not standardized, yet. A formal pancreatic resection is usually mandatory for large and localized sporadic pancreatic tumors or in the presence of symptoms. Nevertheless, in the case of small and asymptomatic lesions, a conservative approach consisting of a wait-and-see policy is going to look as more appropriate, in particular when, in order to remove the lesion, an aggressive surgical procedure is required, such as pancreaticoduodenectomy or distal splenopancreatectomy, depending on the localization of the tumor. Also, surgery plays a significant role in locally advanced and metastatic forms
Comparison of robot-assisted and laparoscopic minimally invasive approaches for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
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Long-term pancreatic functional impairment after surgery for neuroendocrine neoplasms
Full text linkRadical surgery represents the only curative treatment for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNEN). The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative onset of diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) in surgically treated PanNEN. Consecutive PanNEN patients, without preoperative DM, who underwent partial pancreatic resection, were included. After a median follow-up of 72 months, overall 68/276 patients (24%) developed DM. Patients who developed DM were significantly older (p = 0.002) and they had a higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.0001) than those who did not; they were more frequently male (p = 0.017) and with nonfunctioning neoplasms (p = 0.019). BMI > 25 Kg/m2 was the only independent predictor of DM (p = 0.001). Overall, 118/276 patients (43%) developed a PEI, which was significantly more frequent after pancreaticoduodenectomy (p < 0.0001) and in patients with T3-T4 tumors (p = 0.001). Pancreaticoduodenectomy was the only independent predictor of PEI (p < 0.0001). Overall, 54 patients (20%) developed disease progression. Patients with and without DM had similar progression free survival (PFS), whereas patients without PEI had better five-year-PFS (p = 0.002), although this association was not confirmed in multivariate analysis. The risk of DM and PEI after surgery for PanNEN is relatively high but it does not affect PFS. BMI and pancreatic head resection are independent predictors of DM and PEI, respectively
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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