22,472 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Raw data of Zhao et al., 2022, Geoderma
No full textRaw data associated with Zhao et al., 2022, Geoderma. Any use of the data set should be approved by the corresponding author Kai Yue at "[email protected]".</p
Calocybe violacea T. Bau & L. S. Mu 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <i>Calocybe violacea</i> T. Bau & L.S. Mu, <i>sp. nov.</i> (Figure 3a–b, Figure 4a–d).</p> <p>MycoBank: 846890</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Differs from related species by its convex to applanate, purple to bluish-purple pileus, white lamellae, purple-black, bluish-purple to white stipe, and relatively larger basidiospores, pileipellis a cutis, hyphae light purple-brown, stipitipellis composed of hyphae light brown, light purple-brown and light purple.</p> <p>Etymology:—Refers to the blue-purple color on the cap and stipe of basidiomata.</p> <p> Holotype:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Chuxiong, Lucheng Town, Haizi Dam, in a forest dominated by <i>Quercus</i> spp., elevation 1836 m, 101°57’E, 24°97’N, 30 November 2021, leg. Jianneng Zhao (HMJAU65324).</p> <p> Description:— <i>Basidiomata</i> small-sized. <i>Pileus</i> 2.5–3.5 cm diam., hemispherical, margin involute when young, becoming convex to applanate at maturity, surface dry, purple-black (18D5) to dark purple (17E8) at center, becoming purple (17C6) to bluish-purple (19A4) towards the margin; <i>context</i> white (19A1). <i>Lamellae</i> sinuate to adnate, crowded, L=50–60, I=1–3, white (19A1), edge entire. <i>Stipe</i> 4.5–7.5 × 0.5–1 cm, central, cylindrical, purple-black (18E5), purple (18C6), bluish-purple (19B6), blue (21A7) to white (19A1), with white pubescence at the base, fibrous. Odor faint. Spore deposit white.</p> <p> <i>Basidiospores</i> (5.7) 6.4–6.7 (7.6) × (2.6) 3.0–3.2 (3.4) μm, 6.5×3.1 µm on average, Q=1.86–2.46, Q m =2.12 ± 0.12, oblong, colorless, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, with oil droplets, cyanophilous, inamyloid. <i>Basidia</i> 15–24 × 5–7 μm, clavate, with oil droplet, with 4 (2) sterigmata, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, with siderophilous granules. <i>Hymenophoral trama</i> regular, thin-walled, colorless, smooth, 4–11 μm wide. <i>Cystidia</i> absent. <i>Pileipellis</i> a cutis, hyphae 3–9 μm wide, light purple-brown after. <i>Stipitipellis</i> composed of thin-walled, 2–4 µm wide hyphae often light brown, light purple-brown, and light purple. <i>Clamp connections</i> present.</p> <p> Habit, habitat, and distribution: Gregarious, on soil in broad-leaved forests dominated by <i>Quercus</i> spp.</p> <p> Additional specimen examined: Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Chuxiong, Lucheng Town, Haizi Dam, in a forest dominated by <i>Quercus</i> spp., elevation 1836 m, 101°57’E, 24°97’N, 26 November 2021, Jianneng Zhao (HMJAU65325, paratype!).</p>Published as part of <i>Mu, Lisong & Bau, Tolgor, 2023, A new species of Calocybe (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from China, pp. 73-83 in Phytotaxa 600 (2)</i> on page 79, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.600.2.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8065209">http://zenodo.org/record/8065209</a>
Notes on Glossadelphus M. Fleisch. (Hypnaceae, Bryophyta) in China
No full textYi, Zhao-Qin, Mu, Li-Qiang, Jia, Yu (2022): Notes on Glossadelphus M. Fleisch. (Hypnaceae, Bryophyta) in China. Phytotaxa 541 (3): 225-239, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.
Trischistoma waiotama Zhao, 2011, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Trischistoma waiotama</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs 7, 8)</p> <p> <i>Measurements</i></p> <p>Table 2.</p> <p> <i>Material examined</i></p> <p>Holotype: NNCNZ, slide No. 270.</p> <p>Paratype: twenty six females. NNCNZ, slide Nos 2618–2643 (2618–2627 and 2637–2641 were measured).</p> <p> <i>Description</i></p> <p> <b>General.</b> Body slender, 20–23 μm diameter at mid-region, bent dorsad mainly in the posterior part (Fig. 7 A). Orthometanemes present. Cuticle very thin, 1–2 μm thick, practically smooth, two separated irregular lines defined by four incisures in each lateral field (Fig 8 A), beginning at level of cephalic setae, merging at about 3–4 times body diameter anterior to nerve ring and separating again at about 1.5–2 times body diameter posterior to nerve ring, ending near caudal glands. Labial region broadly rounded, slightly offset, separated from neck, 9–11 μm diameter (Figs 7 B; 8B). Body at posterior end of oesophagus 2.1–2.5 times as wide as head. Inner labial papillae small. Outer labial and cephalic setae in two circles separated longitudinally by nearly the length of a cephalic seta (5–6 μm) (Figs 7 B; 8B). Inner labial setae 5–7 μm long, cephalic setae 3–5 μm long (about half labial diameter). Ventral cervical seta present, very thin, 90–95 μm from anterior end (Fig. 7 A & B). Amphid small, calyci- Mouth cavity quite narrow; dorsal teeth minute, anterior tooth at 1.3–1.5 times head diameter from anterior end, posterior tooth at 2.6–2.8 times head diameter from anterior end (Fig 7 B). Oesophagus cylindrical, strongly muscular, 151–198 μm long. Dorsal pharyngeal gland opening directly into buccal cavity. Cardia small, disc-like. No glands between pharynx and intestine (Figs 7 C; 8D). Intestine with wide lumen, containing amorphous remains of food. Rectum length less than anal body diameter (10–14 μm <i>vs</i> 15–16 μm). Coelomocytes not seen.</p> <p> <b>Female</b>. Gonad prodelphic, 142–200 μm long or 17–23% of body length; reflexed, but tip not reaching vulva (Figs 7 A; 8E). Vulval lips not sclerotized, vagina short, about one third of body diameter. Posterior uterine sac absent. Uterus containing 0– 2 eggs, 62–72 µm long (2.9–3.2 times body diameter) and 16–22 μm diameter (Fig. 8 E). Vulva-anus distance 1.2–1.6 tail lengths. Tail 50–72 μm long, 6.6–9.1% of total body length, conoid, ventrally bent with straight or dorsally curved tip. Caudal glands three, spinneret small (Fig. 7 E).</p> <p> <b>Male.</b> Not known.</p> <p> <i>Locality and habitat</i></p> <p> Holotype and nine paratypes (slide nos 2618–2626) from soil and litter mixture, 0–10 cm depth under a group of native podocarp trees (<i>Podocarpus</i> spp.), Waiotama, New Zealand (35º 46.641 S, 174º 8.210 E). Coll. Chris Winks, 0 8. iii. 2008; seventeen paratypes (slide nos 2627–2643) from soil and litter mixture, 0–10 cm depth under a native <i>Dacrycarpus dacrydioides</i> tree. Auckland Botanic Garden, South Auckland, New Zealand (37º 0.657 S, 174º 57.491 E). Coll. Zeng Qi Zhao, 23. iv. 2008.</p> <p> <i>Diagnosis and Relationships</i></p> <p> <i>Trischistoma waiotama</i> sp. nov. is characterised by a single ventromedian seta in the cervical region and its short body length (Fig. 7 B).</p> <p> <i>Trischistoma waiotama</i> sp. nov. differs from <i>T. otaika</i> sp. nov., <i>T. monohystera</i>, <i>T. equatoriale</i> in having females lacking a postvulval uterine sac and a short body (675–908 μm <i>vs</i> 1215–1326 μm, 1500–2100 μm & 1370–1620 μm, repectively).</p> <p> Females of <i>T. waiotama</i> sp. nov. are similar to those of <i>T. triregius</i> sp. nov., <i>T. pellucidum, T. tukorehe</i> sp. nov. and <i>T. gracile</i> in lacking a postvulval uterine sac. They can be differentiated from <i>T. tukorehe</i> sp. nov. and <i>T. gracile</i> by having a short body (675–908 μm <i>vs</i> 1088–1149 μm & 1000–1200 μm, respectively); from <i>T. triregius</i> sp. nov. by having a single ventromedian seta <i>vs</i> a pair of setae in the cervical region, and from <i>T. pellucidum</i> by having more posterior vulva (<i>V</i> 79 –83% <i>vs</i> 73–74%).</p> <p> Based on the SSU and LSU molecular phylogenetic studies (Figs 3; 4), <i>T. waiotama</i> sp. nov. differed from <i>Trischistoma otaika</i> sp. nov. <i>Trischistoma triregius</i> sp. nov. by 0.48% (8 in 1657 bp), 1.51% (25 in 1657 bp) respectively for SSU; and by 6.5% (50 in 768 bp) and 8.1% (62 in 768 bp) repectively for LSU.</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i></p> <p>Waiotama refers to the type locality where the holotype was designated. It is used here as a noun in apposition.</p>Published as part of <i>Zhao, Zeng Qi, 2011, A review of the genus Trischistoma Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Enoplida), with descriptions of four new species from New Zealand, pp. 1-25 in Zootaxa 3045</i> on pages 12-15, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/207400">10.5281/zenodo.207400</a>
Chao Yuen Ren (1892–1982)
No full textY. R. Chao is easily the most famous linguist to have come out of China. Born before the end of the last dynasty in China, he received a traditional Confucian education, but was also one of the first Chinese people to be sent to the West for training in modern Western science (under the Boxer Indemnity Fund). The remarkable breadth and scope of his studies included physics, mathematics, linguistics, musical and literary composition, and translation, and he was a pioneer in many of these fields
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