1,721,043 research outputs found
Using chinese herbal medicine containing mu-tong is associated with upper urinary tract cancer in patient with end-stage renal disease
No full text[[abstract]]Introduction and Aims: Chinese herbs containing aristolochic acid had been reported causing renal disease and increasing risk of upper urinary tract cancer (UTUC). However, the complexity of the composites of Chinese herbal drugs raises the difficulty to explore the relationship among herb, kidney disease, and cancer. The study is aimed to identify the possibility of Chinese herbs associated with the risk of UTUC in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), through Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Methods: The study population included patients of ESRD from 1997 to 2008. Patient who suffered from upper urinary tract cancer during the study period was considered as potential case, and a 1:5 matching with ESRD patients without UTUC. Chinese herb drugs, frequently prescribed in dataset of National Health Insurance including 15 brand names for Mu-Tong, and 15 for Xi-Xin, were identified and traced up to 1 to 2 year before cancer diagnosis. Conditional logistic regression was used to access the independent factors associated with UTUC in case and control groups. All statistic tests were considered as significant while p-value less than 0.05. Results: Totally, there were 667 ESRD patients with UTUC and corresponding to their age- and sex- 3,335 matched ESRD control subjects for final analyses. After adjusting area, urbanization of residence, income, and Charlson index, increased risk of UTUC was found on overall Mu-Tong used [Odds ratio (95% CI): 1.75 (1.23-2.50), p=0.002) but not on overall Xi-Xin used [0.98 (0.70-1.36), p=0.88]. Furthermore, we found the Long Dan Xie Gan Tang [1.98 (1.20-3.28), p=0.008] and Ba Zheng San [3.58 (1.71-7.49), p<0.0001] listed in Mu-Tong brand names were associated with increased risk of UTUC. Conclusions: Our finding provides critical evidences for possible connection of aristolochic acid and UTUC in patient with ESRD. The results also target specific Chinese herbs needed for further clarification in the future, particularly in the countries of rapidly increasing population using Chinese herbal medicines over the world
The acute, subchronic and reproductive toxicity of guan-mu-tong (caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) and ma-dou-ling (fructus aristolochiae).
Full text linkby Chan Po Wai.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-117).Table of Contents --- p.iAbbreviations --- p.ivAbstract --- p.vList of Figures --- p.viiList of Tables --- p.xiChapter Chapter One: --- IntroductionChapter 1.1 --- Objective and scope of the project --- p.1Chapter 1.2 --- Literature review --- p.3Chapter 1.2.1 --- Balkan endemic nephropathy --- p.3Chapter 1.2.2 --- Chinese herbs nephropathy --- p.4Chapter 1.2.3 --- Aristolochic acid --- p.6Chapter 1.2.4 --- Guan-mu-tong --- p.9Chapter 1.2.4.1 --- Plant --- p.9Chapter 1.2.4.2 --- Traditional uses --- p.10Chapter 1.2.4.3 --- Chemical constituents --- p.11Chapter 1.2.4.4 --- Pharmacological study --- p.11Chapter 1.2.4.5 --- Reported adverse cases --- p.12Chapter 1.2.5 --- Ma-dou-ling --- p.12Chapter 1.2.5.1 --- Plant --- p.12Chapter 1.2.5.2 --- Traditional uses --- p.13Chapter 1.2.5.3 --- Chemical constituents --- p.14Chapter 1.2.5.4 --- Clinical and pharmacological studies --- p.14Chapter 1.2.5.5 --- Reported adverse cases --- p.15Chapter 1.3 --- Chemical analysis --- p.16Chapter 1.3.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.16Chapter 1.3.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.17Chapter 1.4 --- Toxicology --- p.18Chapter 1.4.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.18Chapter 1.4.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.19Chapter 1.4.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.23Chapter Chapter Two: --- Materials & MethodsChapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.24Chapter 2.2 --- Methods --- p.27Chapter 2.2.1 --- "Aqueous extraction of Guan-mu-tong and Ma-dou-ling for acute, subchronic and reproductive toxicity tests" --- p.27Chapter 2.2.2 --- Chemical analysis --- p.28Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.28Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.28Chapter 2.2.3 --- Assays for the toxicity --- p.30Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.30Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.31Chapter 2.2.3.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.32Chapter 2.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.33Chapter Chapter Three: --- ResultsChapter 3.1 --- Chemical Analysis --- p.34Chapter 3.1.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.34Chapter 3.1.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.34Chapter 3.2 --- Toxicity of Guan-mu-tong --- p.42Chapter 3.2.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.42Chapter 3.2.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.44Chapter 3.2.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.54Chapter 3.3 --- Toxicity of Ma-dou-ling --- p.56Chapter 3.3.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.56Chapter 3.3.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.66Chapter 3.3.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.89Chapter Chapter Four: --- DiscussionChapter 4.1 --- Chemical Analysis --- p.91Chapter 4.1.1 --- Thin layer chromatography --- p.91Chapter 4.1.2 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.91Chapter 4.2 --- Toxicity of Guan-mu-tong --- p.93Chapter 4.2.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.93Chapter 4.2.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.93Chapter 4.2.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.94Chapter 4.3 --- Toxicity of Ma-dou-ling --- p.95Chapter 4.3.1 --- Acute toxicity --- p.95Chapter 4.3.2 --- Subchronic toxicity --- p.97Chapter 4.3.3 --- Reproductive toxicity --- p.105Chapter Chapter Five: --- Conclusion --- p.107Bibliography --- p.110Appendix A: Procedure on determining the total urinary protein --- p.119Appendix B: Procedure on determining the total urinary glucose using Sigma diagnostic kits --- p.121Appendix C: Procedure on determining the activity of aspartate aminotransferase --- p.123Appendix D: Procedure on determining the activity of alanine aminotransferase --- p.124Appendix E: Procedure for preparing a calibration curve for the measurement of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities --- p.125Appendix F: Procedure on tissue preparation for light microscopic study --- p.12
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
