1,721,013 research outputs found
Individual ambidexterity in SMEs: Towards a typology aligning the concept, antecedents and outcomes
No full textIndividual ambidexterity is of vital importance to the competitive advantage of organizations, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Yet the ambiguous conceptualization in literature hinders our understanding of the concept, its antecedents, and its outcomes. We use a systematic review to capture the development of individual ambidexterity in the literature since 2007, identifying several major issues obstructing its conceptual clarity. We further propose a typology based on the exploration-exploitation relationship. By identifying different types of individual ambidexterity and linking the concept to the context of SMEs, this review offers conceptual clarity and directions for studying individual ambidexterity in SMEs for future research.This work was supported by the China Scholarship Council [201609110126]
Study of sporamin wounding-induced pathway by protein-protein interaction of IbWRKY and Calmodulin in sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas cv. Tainong 57 )
No full textSporamin是甘藷塊根中含量豐富的蛋白質，已經被證實它具有胰蛋白酶抑制因子的活性，這類的蛋白質被認為在植物具有抗蟲及抗病的防禦功能。而經由我們實驗室對sporamin的啟動子區域的研究，發現其中的一個片段SWRE( Sporamin wounding response element )具有被受傷誘導的能力，並且經由yeast one-hybrid篩選法找到了會與此片段結合的兩個轉錄因子：IbNAC與IbWRKY。有被發現在其他植物中，攜鈣素( calmodulin )與IbWRKY同源的WRKY Ⅱd subgroup的蛋白質具有結合能力。
本論文要探討攜鈣素與IbWRKY兩者在甘藷中是否也具結合能力，以及觀察sporamin、 IbNAC、 IbWRKY和IbCaM 這些基因在受傷逆境及相關處理之下的表現情形，以進一步瞭解sporamin被受傷誘導的訊息傳遞機制。結果如同實驗室前人的研究，sporamin的表達會受到受傷與植物荷爾蒙SA、 MeJA的誘導，並且轉錄因子在受傷、SA和MeJA的處理下也都有表達量上升的現象，顯示這兩個轉錄因子可與sporamin的表達有相關或直接參與調控sporamin的表現。負責與IbWRKY結合的IbCaM則在受傷時其RNA有明顯表達的增加。表示第二信使Ca2+藉由Camodulin與IbWRKY結合來調控下游基因的路徑可能在受傷時最為顯著，因此Ca2+也可能參與了受傷後的訊息反應。另外藉由Gel Shift Assay和CaM Overlay Assay的方式，顯示在甘藷中IbWRKY與IbCAM會在有鈣離子訊號的情形下結合，鈣離子可能間接參與了sporamin的調控機制。另外雖然有報導NAC基因家族有部分成員會與攜鈣素結合，但是IbNAC本身並不會與攜鈣素結合，因此它的轉錄能力並不受Ca2+訊息路徑的調控。Sporamin is a storage protein which is abundant in the tuberous root of sweet potato, Which has been identified with trypsin inhibitor activity, and considered as a defender against predators and pathogens. According to the research of the promoter region of sporamin on which our lab focused, we identified a sequence element, SWRE ( sporamin wounding response element ) ,which was wounding inducible. Through yeast one-hybrid assay, we found two transcriptional factors: IbNAC and IbWRKY , which could bind to SWRE. It was reported that in other plant species, Calmodulin can bind with WRKY Ⅱd subgroup proteins to which IbWRKY is attributed.
We verified whether the binding of IbWRKY and Calmodulin also works in sweet potato, and for the signaling pathway of induction of sporamin through the expression pattern of sporamin、 IbNAC、 IbWRKY and IbCaM under treatment of wounding and several defense relevant hormones. It revealed that sporamin would be induced by wounding, SA and JA, as shown by our lab. And additionally the two transcription factors were induced by these treatments. It suggests that these two transcription factors are relevant to the regulation of sporamin expression.
IbCaM is induced in wounding , and functions through its binding to IbWRKY. It suggests that the pathway of second messenger Ca2+ could be involved in wounding response.
In Gel Shift Assay and CaM Overlay Assay, IbCaM can bind to IbWRKY in the existence of Ca2+, suggesting Ca2+could be involved in regulation of expression of sporamin. Although some NAC family members have the domain for binding Calmodulin, IbNAC lacks the domain and its transcription ability seems not regulated by Ca2+.
Key words: sweet potato, wounding, sporamin, NAC, WRKY, Calmodulin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The study of Letters and Calls System in Mainland China
No full text「信訪制度」是一種具有中國特色的政治制度，是中國大陸密切聯繫民眾的重要管道，發揮著政治參與、權力監督、利益表達、糾紛解決、權利救濟的功能。但隨著中國大陸改革開放，貧富差距日漸懸殊、各階層利益衝突日趨激烈、社會矛盾日益突出，導致「信訪」活動轉為表達形式激烈與大規模群體抗議，而影響社會穩定。
「信訪制度」所面臨的困境，涉及「信訪制度」本身，也與人民思想觀念和大環境體制環環相扣。「信訪制度」是一個充滿中國特色的課題，其蘊含著豐富的理論意義和現實價值，研究「信訪制度」遂成為觀察與瞭解中國大陸社會不可或缺的重要視窗。
本研究以文獻分析法為主要研究方法，將研究分成六部份，第一部分：回顧「信訪制度」的歷史淵源與發展；第二部分：歸納「信訪制度」的存在任務與功能；第三部分：理解「信訪制度」的規範結構與體制運作；第四部份：分析「信訪制度」面臨的社會情況與問題；第五部分：探討「信訪制度」的改革策略與動向；第六部份：結論。"Letters and Calls System" is a political system within Chinese feature in Mainland China, a very important one to bring the capabilities on political participation, power supervision, dispute resolution, right to relief for Chinese people to relief the administration right. During the reform and opening market in Mainland China to lead the gap between rich and poor growing, and following conflict of interests of all sectors and social conflicts are becoming increasingly fierce, leading to have become increasingly prominent forms of expression into a fierce petition activities with extensive petition, which will affect social stability.
" Letters and Calls System" is facing difficulties related to itself, but also link with the way of people thinking and the institutional environment. " Letters and Calls System" is a subject full of Chinese feature that contains a wealth of theoretical and practical value of the study, therefore " Letters and Calls System" became the indispensable observation to understand Chinese society.
Through literature analysis,this paper is divided into six parts to have an overall view of " Letters and Calls System", the first part: historical origins and development review; second part: induction tasks and functions exist; third part: understanding the normative structure and system operation; fourth part: analysis of social situations and problems the system faces; fifth part: discussion reform strategies and trends of the system.；sixth part: conclusions.誌謝 I
中文摘要 II
ABSTRACT III
目錄 IV
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 2
第一項 研究動機 2
第二項 研究目的 3
第二節 文獻探討 4
第三節 研究途徑與研究方法 5
第一項 研究途徑 5
第二項 研究方法 6
第四節 研究限制與研究架構 6
第一項 研究限制 6
第二項 研究架構 7
第二章 信訪制度之歷史沿革與發展 9
第一節 信訪的相關概念 9
第一項 信訪的定義要素 10
第二項 信訪的分類 11
第二節 信訪制度的歷史淵源 13
第三節 信訪制度的現代發展 18
第四節 小結 24
第三章 信訪制度之任務與功能 26
第一節 信訪權利屬性的界定 26
第二節 信訪制度的存在任務 30
第一項 任務演變 30
第二項 國家領導的重視 31
第三節 信訪的功能 33
第四節 小結 36
第四章 信訪制度之運作 38
第一節 當前信訪制度的規範 38
第一項 憲法 38
第二項 行政法規 39
第三項 部門規章 43
第四項 地方性法規與地方政府規章 44
第五項 中國共產黨政策 45
第二節 信訪制度的組織機構 46
第一項 信訪機構的橫向關係 48
第二項 信訪機構的縱向關係 49
第三節 信訪機構的職責範圍與特點 50
第一項 信訪機構的職權與範圍 50
第二項 信訪機構的許可權 51
第三項 信訪機構的特點 52
第四節 信訪制度的運行機制 54
第一項 信訪制度的基礎機制 54
第二項 信訪制度的保障機制 55
第五節 小節 56
第五章 信訪制度之困境與出路 57
第一節 信訪制度與社會矛盾 57
第一項 信訪制度和社會矛盾的現況 57
第二項 信訪制度和社會矛盾的變化 58
第三項 社會訴求 60
第二節 信訪與司法的糾葛 61
第一項 涉訴信訪的癥結 61
第二項 司法制度的缺失 62
第三節 信訪制度的侷限 64
第一項 信訪制度的立法缺失 65
第二項 剛性維穩下的信訪問題 70
第四節 信訪改革的存廢爭論 70
第一項 關於「存」 70
第二項 關於「廢」 73
第五節 信訪制度的出路 74
第一項 迷途中的信訪制度 74
第二項 信訪制度的改革方向 76
第六節 目前官方改革動向 77
第一項 分離涉訴信訪事項 77
第二項 取消信訪排名 77
第三項 廢除勞動教養制度 78
第四項 創新群眾工作方法 78
第七節 小結 84
第六章 結論 85
第一節 研究發現 85
第二節 評析 86
參考文獻 88
圖書 88
期刊 89
碩博士論文 89
網路搜尋 90
附錄一 93
國家信訪局介紹國務院新修訂的《信訪條例》的有關情況 93
附錄二 99
2014.02.07○○市信訪矛盾分析研究中心副主任評析「信訪制度」節錄 99
附錄三 101
信訪程序圖 101
附錄四 102
信訪條例 10
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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