1,720,955 research outputs found
Rural - urban linkages and microfinance services: a case study of Igowole in Mufindi District
No full textMaster's DissertationThe study analysed the role of microfinance services in the development of rural - urban
linkages for poverty reduction at Igowole in Mufindi district Iringa. The specific objectives
of the study were to (i) identify opportunities and challenges of rural - urban linkages and
its impact on poverty (ii) examine the effect of microfinance services on rural - urban
linkages (iii) examine the effect of rural - urban linkages on poverty reduction (iv)
examine factors affecting household access to microfinance services. A sample of 80
households from Igowole EUC and 70 household from immediate hinterland were
interviewed. Logistic regression was used to examine factors affecting access to
microfinance in both rural and urban areas. Majority 66.7% and 54.8% of none migrant
and migrant at immediate hinterland, respectively; had access to informal microfinance
services. Nonetheless 55.3% and 38.1% of none migrant and migrant at Igowole EUC,
respectively; had access to informal microfinance services. Among many reasons
household were accessing informal microfinance due to accessibility and timeliness. Rural
- urban linkages increase opportunities for income generating activities in both urban and
rural areas. Hence development interventions aimed to alleviate rural and urban poverty
should target to facilitate these linkages at all level of planning. Microfinance services
boosted the transfer of financial capital from rural to urban and vice versa though savings
and credit. Rural - urban linkages provided farm and non-farm employment opportunities
and improved social services like education and health services
Rural - urban linkages and microfinance services: a case study of Igowole in Mufindi District
No full textMaster's DissertationThe study analysed the role of microfinance services in the development of rural - urban
linkages for poverty reduction at Igowole in Mufindi district Iringa. The specific objectives
of the study were to (i) identify opportunities and challenges of rural - urban linkages and
its impact on poverty (ii) examine the effect of microfinance services on rural - urban
linkages (iii) examine the effect of rural - urban linkages on poverty reduction (iv)
examine factors affecting household access to microfinance services. A sample of 80
households from Igowole EUC and 70 household from immediate hinterland were
interviewed. Logistic regression was used to examine factors affecting access to
microfinance in both rural and urban areas. Majority 66.7% and 54.8% of none migrant
and migrant at immediate hinterland, respectively; had access to informal microfinance
services. Nonetheless 55.3% and 38.1% of none migrant and migrant at Igowole EUC,
respectively; had access to informal microfinance services. Among many reasons
household were accessing informal microfinance due to accessibility and timeliness. Rural
- urban linkages increase opportunities for income generating activities in both urban and
rural areas. Hence development interventions aimed to alleviate rural and urban poverty
should target to facilitate these linkages at all level of planning. Microfinance services
boosted the transfer of financial capital from rural to urban and vice versa though savings
and credit. Rural - urban linkages provided farm and non-farm employment opportunities
and improved social services like education and health services
Tourists' Willingness to Pay for Recreation Services in Nyerere National Park, Tanzania: Are We Overvaluing or Undervaluing Our Nature Recreation Resources?
No full textThis study estimated tourists' Willingness to Pay (WTP) per day for recreation services in Nyerere National Park (NNP) and compared these values with daily travel costs that are incurred by tourists to visit NNP in order to inform whether recreation resources in the park are overvalued or undervalued. The study revealed that tourists' WTP per day for recreation services was estimated at 1521 for resident and non-resident tourists, respectively. The estimated tourists' WTP values exceed the daily travel costs currently incurred by tourists, which are 1517.97 for resident and non-resident tourists, respectively. This indicates that tourists are willing to spend more to enjoy recreation services in NNP, which signifies that recreation resources in NNP are slightly undervalued. In addition, the findings disclosed that the largest share of tourist daily travel expenses is allocated to transportation services, and very little is paid to the park as a conservation fee. It was revealed that out of the daily travel expenses incurred by non-resident and resident tourists, only 4.62% and 2.23% are respectively paid directly to NNP as conservation fees. This study considers that allocation is not very fair; thus, NNP, in collaboration with TANAPA, needs to adjust the current entrance or conservation fee and reduce the transportation costs charged by tourist companies. The travel costs incurred by tourists, age, education, monthly income, site visited, substitute site, and quality of park were identified as significant factors in influencing tourists' WTP for recreation services in NNP. Thus, policies oriented to reduce tourists' transportation costs and improve the quality of national parks would attract more tourists to NNP
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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