96 research outputs found
Do Labor Intensive Industries Generate Employment? Evidence from firm level survey in India
No full textThis study attempts to address the issue of declining labour intensity in Indias organized manufacturing in order to understand the constraints on employment generation in the labour intensive sectors. Using primary survey data covering 252 labour intensive manufacturing-exporting firms across five sectorsapparel, leather, gems and jewellery, sports goods, and bicycles for 2005-06 an attempt is made to find out the factors which constrain employment generation in labour intensive firms. The study shows several constraints in the path of employment generation in labour intensive sectorsnon-availability of trained skilled workers, infrastructure bottlenecks, low levels of investment, labour rules and regulations, and a noncompetitive export orientation. The study suggests a set of policy initiatives to improve the employment potential of these sectors.Indian Organized Manufacturing, Labor Intensity, Employment Growth, Skilled workforce, Wage Structure, Export status, Machinery Usage, Labor laws, South Asia
Quercetin improved spatial memory dysfunctions in rat model of intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-induced sporadic Alzheimer’sdisease
No full textBackground: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative syndromes characterized by a progressive decline in the spatial memory. There are convincing evidences on the neuroprotective effects of flavonoids against AD. Aims and Objective: To determine the effect of quercetin on the acquisition and retention of spatial memory in a rat model of AD. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (six in each): group I: control rats receiving intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of normal saline, group II: rats induced AD by ICV injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 3 mg/kg bilaterally; twice, on days 1 and 3), and groups III and IV: ICV-STZ AD rats treated intraperitoneally (IP) with 40 and 80 mg/kg/day quercetin, respectively, over a period of 12 days. Then, the rats were trained with four trials per day for five consecutive days in the Morris water maze (MWM). On the sixth day, the memory retention was evaluated. Result: The ICV-STZ AD groups showed a significant impairment in the acquisition and retrieval of spatial memory when compared with the control group (P < 0.001). In the AD groups, the escape latency during the training trials showed a significant decrease (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, during the MWM task, theseratsspentmoretimeinthetargetquadrant in probe trials when compared with the controls. Conclusion: Quercetin acted as a spatial memory enhancer in ICV-STZ–induced AD rats. Hence, this flavonoid can be considered potentially as a promising agent for developing prophylactic and therapeutic neuroprotection. This neuroprotective effect of quercetin may be attributed to its antioxidant and scavenging properties. © 2015 Hamid Sepehri
Effect of metformin on the spatial memory in aged rats
No full textBackground: Aging process is often accompanied with some degree of decline in all the abilities, including learning and memory. One of the attracting research fields has been devoted to finding antiaging drugs. Metformin has shown some memory-enhancing features in aged humans and laboratory animals. Aims and Objective: To evaluate the effects of 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg of metformin on the spatial memory performance of aged rats in the Morris water maze. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male 24-month-old rats were divided randomly into four groups (n = 8) including control group and 50-, 75-, and 100-mg/kg metformin groups. After 36 days of treatment, the learning process was assessed by the reference memory task in the Morris water maze. All the rats received water maze training (four trials/day for 5 days) to assess the hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and, then, received a 60-s probe trial test of spatial memory retention 24 h after the twentieth trial. Result: Over 5 days of training, metformin (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg/day) treatment significantly reduced the latency and path length to find the escape platform (P < 0.01). In probe trials (without platform), on the last day of training, the metformin-treated groups spent significantly longer time in the platform quadrant when compared with the control group. Among the treated groups, 100 mg/kg dosage of metformin induced the best rehearsals memory (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These results showed that, in the old rats, 36-day orally administered metformin showed a positive influence on the spatial memory performance in the Morris water maze. © 2015 Farzaneh Ganji
Effect of filgrastim (Recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor) on spatial memory in aged rats
No full textBackground: Apart from functioning as a multimodal hematopoietic growth factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) causes intense consequences on the brain. It has been viewed that G-CSF boosts the improvement from the neurologic deficits in rodent models of central nervous system diseases. Aims and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of G-CSF as an intervention for improving cognitive deficits commonly associated with aging. Materials and Methods: In this study, male Wistar rats aged 21 months were treated for 2 weeks with G-CSF intraperitoneally at doses of 10, 50, and 70 mg/kg/day. The learning process was assessed by the reference memory task in the Morris water maze, by comparing the G-CSF–treated group with the control animals. All the rats received Morris water maze training (four trials/day for 5 days) in order to assess the hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and received a 60-s probe trial test of spatial memory retention 24 h after the twentieth trial. Result: Over 5 days of training, G-CSF (10, 50, and70 mg/kg/day) significantly reduced the latency and path length to finding the escape platform (P < 0.01). In probe trials (without platform), on the last day of training, the G-CSF–treated group spent significantly longer time in the platform quadrant when compared with the control animals (P < 0.01). Among the treated groups, the 50-mg/kg dosage of G-CSF induced the best rehearsals memory. Conclusion: The findings observed in this study support G-CSF as a promising therapeutic aid for cognitive enhancement in the aging phenomenon. © 2015 Hamid Sepehri
Low frequency dielectric dispersion study of PVC-PPy blends in dilute solution of different solvents
No full textStudy of temperature dependent electrical properties of Se80-xTe20Bix (x = 0, 3, 6) glasses
No full textASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF WHOLE BODY AND REGIONAL SOFT TISSUE COMPOSITION ON BONE STRENGTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN FEMALES.
No full textRights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author
E-Waste Recycling in Delhi NCR
No full textWhen an electronic product is thrown away after its useful life is over, it produces electronic trash, or e-waste. E-waste is produced in vast quantities as a result of the consumption-driven society and the quick development of technology. Recycling is the systematic gathering and treatment of items that would otherwise be discarded as waste, with the purpose of transforming them into fresh goods. Recycling can have positive impacts on your neighborhood, the economy, and the environment. The main objective of this paper is to describe the waste recycling companies in India. One primary motivation for recycling is to reduce expenses associated with waste collection and waste management. This also aids in mitigating the adverse environmental consequences of landfill garbage. To achieve the objective of this paper we have analyzed two big companies. In the analysis we have taken the company’s introduction, their founder and location, type of waste they are recycling and products they are producing
The impact of grocery store podcasts in the delivery of nutrition education to improve shopping behaviors, particularly the purchase of omega-3 rich foods
No full textOmega-3 (n-3) fatty acids are important nutrients and are deficient in the American diet. Therefore increasing the intake of n-3s is a public health goal. Research has suggested that because people eat what they buy, point-of-purchase interventions may have the potential to help consumers make healthy food choices. A study of existing literature revealed that these interventions have not used newer technological means, have many limitations, and have failed to assess long-term shopping behavior change. The research presented in this dissertation aims to test use of, and long-term effects of, new technology (i.e., podcasts) as a means of delivering nutrition education at the grocery store to interested consumers while they shop. A single-group, repeated-measures, mixed-methods study design was employed to determine if listening to a podcast about n-3s while grocery shopping increased shoppers’ awareness about, and purchases of, seafood and other foods rich in n-3s. Constructs from the Theory of Reasoned Action were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the podcasts. A secondary data analysis of participant food purchase data was done to examine the long-term effects of podcast exposure over the six months following the intervention (as compared to the six months prior). As a result of exposure to the podcasts TRA constructs improved, knowledge about n-3s increased and misconceptions were reduced. In addition, both long-term (six months post-intervention) and short-term purchases (day of the intervention) of n-3 rich food item purchases increased. These findings suggest that podcasts may be an effective means to communicate nutrition education messages at the point of purchase, to those who indicate an interest in the subject.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Deepika Bangi
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