1,720,978 research outputs found
Colonialism and the collaborationist agenda: Pham Quynh, print culture, and the politics of persuasion in colonial Vietnam.
No full textThis dissertation focuses on print culture in colonial Vietnam and investigates the career of a prominent Vietnamese collaborator, toward the goal of developing an alternative metaphor for individual-state interaction. Considered by many revolutionaries (and Western historians) to be the archcollaborator of the French colonial period in Vietnam, Pham Quynh---translator, author, editor, language reformer, politician, cultural nationalist and traditional conservative, early victim of the 1945 August Revolution---was an extraordinary figure who nonetheless typifies the complex and largely overlooked category of indigenous accommodationists of colonial regimes. Although viewed by many as traitor and as lackey to French colonial ambition, Pham Quynh saw himself as a patriot, a visionary, and a social revolutionary. This study argues that acts of accommodation arise from the relatively autonomous personal agenda of those involved, and proposes an analysis of this eminent collaborator's articulation of his own project as an investigation into whether an collaboration-based metaphor for colonial relationships can help us to understand more about colonialism and colonial societies than current models. Instead of a strictly vertical model of domination and resistance, this dissertation employs an approach based on the concept of collaboration---accommodation and manipulation of state power as an individual social, political, and intellectual strategy---between indigenous and European actors. This model is preferable because it asks more questions: it avoids presupposing the relationship between native and colonizer, and it leads to investigation of European reliance on indigenous support or compliance and of channels of negotiation in colonial contexts. It calls for exploration of agenda that might be advanced through accommodation, rejecting the idea that all indigenous action must be focused on the state (as the source of dominance). In addition, it opens space for the study of colonialism by rehabilitating as objects of study relationships previously either ignored or rejected, mistakenly, as contrary to the politics of anti-colonial history.PhDAsian historyBiographiesModern historySocial SciencesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/123748/2/3096241.pd
The floracrats: Civil science, bureaucracy, and institutional authority in the Netherlands East Indies and Indonesia, 1840--1970.
No full textThis dissertation examines the construction of scientific expertise in a society without universities or learned academies, where funding was for over a century at the mercy of the colonial government. It focuses on professional botanists---the floracrats---and their management of a discipline that combined the seemingly incompatible aspects of pure and applied scientific knowledge. Unlike other intellectual histories of colonial science, this dissertation situates the development of colonial scientific practices within government offices. In so doing, it fundamentally reconceptualizes the role of colonial science in Indonesia, and seeks to make an original contribution to the study of transnational science. The narrative follows European botanists who starting in the 1840s moved to the Dutch colony drawn by the prospect of romantic exploration. By the end of the nineteenth century they learned it was only possible to be a government scientist by administering nature from behind a desk. Although this desk science curtailed their research opportunities, it also gave them the power to direct how colonial society tamed tropical nature, in matters ranging from agriculture to pedagogy. This dissertation argues that the floracrats maintained their scientific authority and careers by establishing botany as a civil science---knowledge capable of developing colonial society through universal principles. They reconciled their official duties to the state with their identity as members of the global scientific community, by casting scientific knowledge as foundational to the spreading of Western civilization in the East Indies. This study also explores the legacy of colonial plant biology for Indonesia, and the challenge that Indonesian botanists faced in the 1950s and 1960s establishing plant science as part of Indonesia's civic culture. The thesis is divided into three main parts that deal with the tension between public and state science in the nineteenth century; the rise and fall of bureaucratic science at the Botanical Gardens in Buitenzorg; and the emergence of a post-colonial biology as part of international science.PhDAsian historyScience historySocial SciencesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/124412/2/3138159.pd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liquid territory: Subordination, memory and manuscripts among Sama people of Sulawesi's southern littoral.
No full textLiquid Territory examines Indonesian Sama people's engagements with maritime space and their representations of maritime spatial practices toward two ends. First, to illustrate alternative ways to approach the study of insular Southeast Asia from maritime perspectives, and second, to show how maritime practices and their representation reveal aspects of past subordination and how Sama people have dealt with it. Research for the dissertation used indigenous manuscripts, colonial records, post-independence archives, and ethnographic fieldwork in order to examine Sama spatial engagements with the maritime world and their entanglements with others, as well as to investigate how outsiders have characterized Sama people, their dispersion and their mobility. Since notions of maritime space have played an important role in ideas---both scholarly and political---about Southeast Asian regional space, I first examine prominent examples of such scholarly discourse and outline how maritime ideologies have appeared in the formulation of regional political imaginaries. Then, in the rest of the dissertation, I examine three Sama-focused areas of inquiry---livelihood pursuits, stories of the distant past, and recollections of conflict in the 1950's. These three areas offer examples both of practice-oriented perspectives on maritime space, and of the character and structure of unequal social relations which Sama people have had with others. Through this approach, I hope to avoid some of the shortcomings entailed by a focus on locality, which, for the purposes of this study, is wanting in the capacity to analyze mobility, the importance of relative distance, the variety of networks and the variability of social contexts, so crucial to an investigation focused on Sama people, maritime space, and the legacies of past subordination. In an attempt to understand the shapes of Sama subordination in the past and its effect on subsequent practices, I thus analyze the traces of a history of inequality and survival at the edges of governance. This phrase is one I use to refer not simply to a geographic or administrative structure, but to describe a social location from which Sama people have often dealt with subordinating structures, processes and events. As a theoretical notion it is intended to foster attention to practices of dealing with subordination that may not, or may not only, fall under the categories of resistance or accommodation. Sama people in Sulawesi's southern littoral not only developed methods, for instance, of avoiding violence, but also had abstracted forms of knowledge about these procedures, a savvy particular to their location, which at times they sought to maintain, not just geographically in relation to liquid territory, but also socially and politically, on the edges of governance.PhDAsian historyCultural anthropologyGeographySocial SciencesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/124789/2/3163799.pd
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
