1,720,972 research outputs found
Trichostatin A up-regulates p73 and induces Bax-dependent apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells
No full textSeveral studies in the last years evidenced that deregulation of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic pathways are key players in the onset and maintenance of chemoresistance in advanced ovarian cancers. To characterize the signaling events and molecules involved in the acquisition of cisplatin resistance, we used the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and its derivative cisplatin-resistant subline A2780 CIS. We found that the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway, induced by cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (CDDP) in A2780 wild-type cells, was compromised in the resistant subline CIS. The analysis of expression of proteins involved in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis revealed a role of Bax and p73 but not p53. Indeed, we found that CDDP treatment induced the up-regulation of p53 in both sensitive and resistant A2780 cell lines. By contrast, p73 and Bax expressions were compromised in resistant cells. Pretreatment of resistant A2780 CIS cells with the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A overcomes apoptosis resistance to CDDP by restoring both p73 and Bax but not p53 expression. Altogether, these data indicate that p73, but not p53, is involved in the regulation of apoptosis susceptibility to cisplatin in A2780 ovarian cancer cells and evidence a key contribution of histone deacetylase activation in the acquisition of chemotherapy resistance in human ovarian cancer cells
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effects of a phytoestrogen-containing soy extract on the growth-inhibitory activity of ICI 182 780 in an experimental model of estrogen-dependent breast cancer.
No full textThe study reported here was designed to determine whether a phytoestrogen-containing soy
extract (SSE) could negate/overwhelm the inhibitory effects of ICI 182 780 on the growth of
estrogen-sustained human breast cancer xenografts (MCF-7), in ovariectomized athymic mice.
As expected, estradiol-supplemented tumors did not grow over the study period in ICI 182 780-
treated females; concomitant administration of 50 mg/kg per day SSE slightly potentiated the
inhibitory activity of the drug, while at 100 mg/kg per day, SSE partially negated ICI 182 780
activity. In keeping with these in vivo outcomes, we observed that the level of cyclin D1 (and
progesterone receptor) in MCF-7 xenografts was considerably reduced by ICI 182 780, an effect
enhanced by concomitant treatment with 50 SSE, but reduced by the higher dosage (i.e.
100 mg/kg per day). Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and kallikrein 6 (KLK6) levels were also reduced
following ICI 182 780, although to a lesser degree; again, combined anti-estrogen and SSE
produced a dose-dependent regulation in TSP-1 and KLK6 tumor level, with a further reduction in
the mRNA gene expression at 50 SSE (compared with ICI 182 780) and a partial reversion of the
drug-induced down-regulation at 100 mg/kg per day. No modulation was detected in the serum
concentration of IGF-1 (a potent mitogen for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell lines)
either upon treatment with ICI 182 780 or concomitant administration of the anti-estrogen with
SSE. In conclusion, results from this study raise concerns about the consumption of isoflavone
supplements in conjunction with ICI 182 780 therapy, in postmenopausal women with estrogendependent
breast cancer
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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