110,441 research outputs found
Flash Flood Assessment for Wadi Mousa City-Jordan
No full textThis paper aims to assess risks due to potential Flash Floods hazards in Wadi Mousa and to determine the magnitude of flows for flash flood hazards and construct Floodplain Zone maps for the selected flood return periods of 25, 50, 75 and 100 years. Wadi Mousa is considered an ephemeral wadi with intermittent flash flood of flows that can exceed the 298 m3/s threshold. Its floods, however, do not flow every year. Nevertheless, at certain years the extent of flood can be huge. The surface drainage may be broadly divided into sub-catchments according to drainage namely; Wadi Als-Sader, Wadi Jelwakh with Wadi Khaleel, Wadi Al-Maghir. Wadi Zarraba is the confluence of the three sub- catchments. The study covers an area of 53.3 km2 and comprises a high semi -arid infrequent flash floods generated by heavy rainstorm over the catchment and flows to Wadi Araba. Average annual rainfall of Wadi Mousa was calculated of 178 mm, and average annual evapotranspiration is 1300 mm per year. The runoff analysis indicates that only rainfall events exceeding 22 mm within the 24 hour period would generate runoff
Author Correction: the Influence of Nano Filter Elements on Pressure Drop and Pollutant Elimination Efficiency in Town Border Stations
No full textThe original version of this Article contained an error in the order of the author names, which was incorrectly given as Hamed Ebadiyan, Saeed Zeinali Heris, Seyed Borhan Mousavi, Shamin Hosseini Nami ; Mousa Mohammadpourfard. Consequently, in the Author Contributions section, “H.E. Investigation. S.Z.H. Supervision, Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation. S.B.M. Formal analysis, Writing original draft. S.H.N. Formal analysis, Writing original draft. M.M. Validation.” now reads: “S.Z.H. Supervision, Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation. H.E. Investigation. S.B.M. Formal analysis, Writing original draft. S.H.N. Formal analysis, Writing original draft. M.M. Validation.” The original Article has been corrected. © 2023, The Author(s)
DarNERcorp: a Named Entity Recognition Corpus in the Moroccan Dialect
No full textDarNERcorp is a manually annotated corpus for Named Entity Recognition (NER) in the Moroccan Dialect or Darija. The corpus contains more than 65K tokens, 13.8% of which are named entities. Named entities in the dataset are annotated with one of the following tags, using the BIO tagging scheme: person (PER), location (LOC), organization (ORG), miscellaneous (MISC). The distribution of named entities in the dataset is as follows: PER (15.3%), LOC (38.1%), ORG (15.5%), MISC (31.1%)
DarNERcorp: a Named Entity Recognition Corpus in the Moroccan Dialect
No full textDarNERcorp is a manually annotated corpus for Named Entity Recognition (NER) in the Moroccan Dialect or Darija. The corpus contains more than 65K tokens, 13.8% of which are named entities. Named entities in the dataset are annotated with one of the following tags, using the BIO tagging scheme: person (PER), location (LOC), organization (ORG), miscellaneous (MISC). The distribution of named entities in the dataset is as follows: PER (15.3%), LOC (38.1%), ORG (15.5%), MISC (31.1%). The corpus is presented in the Data folder and it is split into two sets: DarNERcorp_train and DarNERcorp_test. The first set represents 80% of the data and the second represents 20%. In addition to the data, the Python scripts used in the collection and data formatting are provided in the Code folder
DarNERcorp: a Named Entity Recognition Corpus in the Moroccan Dialect
No full textDarNERcorp is a manually annotated corpus for Named Entity Recognition (NER) in the Moroccan Dialect or Darija. The corpus contains more than 65K tokens, 13.8% of which are named entities. Named entities in the dataset are annotated with one of the following tags, using the BIO tagging scheme: person (PER), location (LOC), organization (ORG), miscellaneous (MISC). The distribution of named entities in the dataset is as follows: PER (15.3%), LOC (38.1%), ORG (15.5%), MISC (31.1%)
SYNTHESIS OF C-GLYCOSYL AMINO ACIDS AS STABLE BUILDING BLOCKS FOR MODIFIED GLYCOPEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
No full textIn this thesis, we have studied and synthesized new class of C-glycosly amino acids whose structure features a
hetrocycle ring holding the carbohydrate and the amino acid fragments. Pyridine and tetrazole rings were used as
hetrocycle linkers in this project. This class of C-glycosyl amino acids is of interest as new chealtors and as building
building blocks for cotranslational glycopeptides synthesis. In the first part, C-Glycosylmethyl pyridylalanines were
synthesized via thermally induced Hantzsch-type cyclocondensation using an aldehyde-ketoester-enamino ester system.
To one of these reagents was attached a C-glycosyl residue, while to another was bound an amino acid fragment. In a
one-pot optimized methodology, the dihydropyridine was not isolated while its purification was carried out by removal
of unreacted material and side products using polymer-supported scavengers. Then the dihydropyridine (mixture of
diastereoisomers) was oxidized by a polymer-bound oxidant to give the target pyridine bearing the two bioactive
residues. In this way, a range of eight compounds (58-68% yield) was prepared in which the elements of diversity were
(i) the gluco and galacto configurations of the pyranose ring, (ii) the α- and β-configurations at the anomeric center, and
(iii) the positions of the carbohydrate and amino acid sectors in the pyridine ring. The orthogonal functional group
protection in these amino acids allowed their easy incorporation into oligopeptides via sequential amino and carboxylic
group coupling.
In the second part, tetrazole moiety was constructed via Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between nitriles and organic
azides. Two sets of compounds have been prepared, one being constituted of C-galactosyl and C-ribosyl O-tetrazolyl
serines, while the other contains S-tetrazolyl cysteine derivatives. In both cases, the synthetic scheme involved a twostep
route: the first one being the thermal cycloaddition of a sugar azide with p-toluensulfonyl cyanide (TsCN) to give a
1-substituted 5-sulfonyl tetrazole and the second the replacement of the tosyl group with a serine or cysteine residue.
For the high efficiency and operational simplicity, the azide-TsCN cycloaddition appears to be a true click process.
Finally, one of the amino acids prepared was incorporated into a tripeptid
Thyroid Hormone and P- Glycoprotein in tumor cells.
No full textP-glycoprotein (P-gp; multidrug resistance pump 1, MDR1; ABCB1) is a plasma membrane efflux pump that when activated in
cancer cells exports chemotherapeutic agents. Transcription of the P-gp gene (MDR1) and activity of the P-gp protein are known to
be affected by thyroid hormone. A cell surface receptor for thyroid hormone on integrin v3 also binds tetraiodothyroacetic
acid (tetrac), a derivative of L-thyroxine (T4) that blocks nongenomic actions of T4 and of 3,5,3-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) at
v3. Covalently bound to a nanoparticle, tetrac as nanotetrac acts at the integrin to increase intracellular residence time of
chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin and etoposide that are substrates of P-gp. This action chemosensitizes cancer cells.
In this review, we examine possible molecular mechanisms for the inhibitory effect of nanotetrac on P-gp activity.Mechanisms for
consideration include cancer cell acidification via action of tetrac/nanotetrac on the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE1) and hormone
analogue effects on calmodulin-dependent processes and on interactions of P-gp with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and
osteopontin (OPN), apparently via v3. Intracellular acidification and decreasedH+ efflux induced by tetrac/nanotetrac viaNHE1
is the most attractive explanation for the actions on P-gp and consequent increase in cancer cell retention of chemotherapeutic
agent-ligands of MDR1 protein
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A benchmark study of the multiscale and homogenization methods for fully implicit multiphase flow simulations
No full textAccurate simulation of multiphase flow in subsurface formations is challenging, as the formations span large length scales (km) with high-resolution heterogeneous properties. To deal with this challenge, different multiscale methods have been developed. Such methods construct coarse-scale systems, based on a given high-resolution fine-scale system. Furthermore, they are amenable to parallel computing and allow for a-posteriori error control. The multiscale methods differ from each other in the way the transition between the different scales is made. Multiscale (finite element and finite volume) methods compute local basis functions to map the solutions (e.g. pressure) between coarse and fine scales. Instead, homogenization methods solve local periodic problems to determine effective models and parameters (e.g. permeability) at a coarser scale. It is yet unknown how these two methods compare with each other, especially when applied to complex geological formations, with no clear scale separation in the property fields. This paper develops the first comparison benchmark study of these two methods and extends their applicability to fully implicit simulations using the algebraic dynamic multilevel (ADM) method. At each time step, on the given fine-scale mesh and based on an error analysis, the fully implicit system is solved on a dynamic multilevel grid. The entries of this system are obtained by using multiscale local basis functions (ADM-MS), and, respectively, by homogenization over local domains (ADM-HO). Both sets of local basis functions (ADM-MS) and local effective parameters (ADM-HO) are computed at the beginning of the simulation, with no further updates during the multiphase flow simulation. The two methods are extended and implemented in the same open-source DARSim2 simulator (https://gitlab.com/darsim2simulator), to provide fair quality comparisons. The results reveal insightful understanding of the two approaches, and qualitatively benchmark their performance. It is re-emphasized that the test cases considered here include permeability fields with no clear scale separation. The development of this paper sheds new lights on advanced multiscale methods for simulation of coupled processes in porous media.Reservoir EngineeringNumerical Analysi
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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