1,720,964 research outputs found
Comparisons of Percent-predicted Peak Oxygen Uptake Achieved on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Stratifying Mortality Risk by Wasserman, FRIEND, and Brazilian equations
No full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnolgico [2024
Ventilatory Efficiency in Transgender Women: Implications of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Cardiorespiratory Responses
No full textBackground
Ventilatory efficiency, a key parameter of cardiopulmonary function assessed through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), often demonstrates significant variability in transgender women due to the physiological changes induced by gender-affirming hormone therapy. Understanding these differences is essential for optimizing clinical management and enhancing health outcomes within this population.
Research Question
How do ventilatory efficiency, particularly the carbon dioxide ventilatory equivalent (VE/VCO2), and other CPET variables differ between transgender women and matched cisgender controls, offering insights into the physiological impacts of gender-affirming hormone therapy?
Study Design and Methods
This case-control study included 51 participants, comprising 17 transgender women matched 1:1:1 by age, body mass index, and physical activity levels with cisgender women and cisgender men. CPET assessments were conducted between August 2018 and September 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results
Transgender women demonstrated significantly higher VE/VCO2 ratios at rest (31.4 ± 2.9), at the first ventilatory threshold (34.9 ± 3.9), and peak exercise (39.3 ± 5.3) compared to cisgender women (28.2 ± 2.5; 31.8 ± 3.2; 35.4 ± 4.4, respectively) and cisgender men (27.4 ± 2.1; 30.8 ± 2.6; 34.3 ± 3.5, respectively), with all comparisons reaching statistical significance (p < 0.001) and large effect sizes (η2 = 0.30–0.34). The VE/VCO2 slope was also significantly elevated in transgender women (33.9 ± 4.2) compared to cisgender women (29.5 ± 5.0) and cisgender men (28.0 ± 3.5) (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.29), indicating reduced ventilatory efficiency across the effort continuum.
Interpretation
This study highlights substantial ventilatory inefficiencies in transgender women, likely associated with gender-affirming hormone therapy, underscoring the need for tailored clinical strategies to address these cardiopulmonary adaptations. These findings provide critical insights into the unique health needs of transgender individuals, contributing valuable data to support evidence-based care.The authors have reported to CHEST that no funding was received for this study.
Acknowledgments
Author contributions: F. B. takes responsibility for the content of the manuscript, including the data and analysis. F. B.: guarantor of the study, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing of the first draft. M. M.: data analysis and interpretation, critical review of the text. A. C. F., B. K., G. E., F. D., R. Z., K. D. M., and R. F.: data collection and interpretation, revision of the text. D. H. and G. C., data analysis and interpretation, critical review of the text. R. M.-R.: data analysis and interpretation, review of the text, supervision
Peak oxygen uptake after the 80s as a survival predictor
No full textAimIs direct measurement of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) a predictor of survival in octogenarians?FindingsThe mortality rate was nearly three times higher in individuals with VO2peak below 80% of the predicted values. The data emphasize the prognostic value of VO2peak in older adults, comparable to its significance in younger individuals.MessageOxygen uptake below 80% of age-specific reference values serves as a predictor of mortality in octogenarians. PurposePeak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) is a crucial health marker, extensively studied in adults for its prognostic value. However, its significance in the older persons, especially octogenarians, remains underexplored due to limited representation in research. This study aims to assess the predictive power of VO2peak for survival in individuals aged 80 and above.MethodsWe included individuals aged 80 or older who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise tests at a single center. Mortality rates were compared based on VO2peak relative to 80% of predicted values (%VO2peak). We employed three multivariate Cox regression models: Model 1 (unadjusted), Model 2 (adjusted for age) and Model 3 (adjusted for age and stroke).ResultsAmong 188 participants (mean age 83.3 +/- 3 years, 68.9% male), 22 (11.7%) passed away during a median follow-up of 494 days. Non-survivors tended to be older with lower VO2peak and %VO2peak. All models demonstrated associations between %VO2peak <= 80% and mortality: HR = 3.19 (95% CI: 1.30-7.86, p = 0.011) for M1; HR = 3.12 (95% CI: 1.26-7.74, p = 0.013) for M2 and HR = 2.80 (95% CI: 1.11-7.06, p = 0.028) for M3.ConclusionIn the context of an aging population, this study underscores the enduring significance of VO2peak as a survival predictor among the older person, including octogenarians. These findings carry profound implications for tailoring healthcare strategies to address the evolving demographic landscape.This research did not receive specifc grants from any public, commercial, or not-for-proft funding agency. MM and JGPOM receive scholarships from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES (Coordination for the Advancement of Higher Education Personnel), Brazil) and from Special Research Fun (BOF) from Hasselt University/Belgium (Number: BOF23DOCBL10 and BOF23KV10)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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