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Comparative Functional Analysis of Boundary Infrastructures, Library Classification, and Social Tagging
No full textThis paper outlines three information organization frameworks: library classification, social tagging, and boundary infrastructures. It then outlines functionality of these frameworks. The paper takes a neo-pragmatic approach. The paper finds that these frameworks are complementary, and by understanding the differences and similarities that obtain between them, researchers and developers can begin to craft a vocabulary of evaluation. |||| Cet article présente trois cadres dâ organisation de lâ information : la classification des bibliothèques, lâ étiquetage social et les infrastructures frontières. Cet article souligne les différentes fonctionnalités de ces trois cadres. Une approche néo-pragmatique est utilisée. Les résultats indiquent que ces cadres sont complémentaires et que par la compréhension des différences et des similarités qui existent entre eux, les chercheurs et les développeurs peuvent commencer à créer un vocabulaire pour lâ évaluation
Lost in Cyberspace: How Do Search Engines Handle Arabic Queries?
No full textThe performances of general and Arabic search engines were compared based on their ability to retrieve morphologically related Arabic terms. The findings highlight the importance of making users aware of what they miss by using the general engines, underscoring the need to modify these engines to better handle Arabic queries.Nous avons comparé la performance de moteurs de recherches généraux et arabes en fonction de leur capacité à repérer des termes arabes morphologiquement reliés. Les résultats mettent en évidence l’importance de sensibiliser les usagers sur ce qu’ils manquent en utilisant des moteurs de recherche généraux et soulignent le besoin de modifier ces moteurs pour obtenir un meilleur traitement des requêtes arabes.
A comparison of root and stemming techniques for the retrieval of Arabic documents /
No full textUsing information retrieval systems to gain access to documents in languages other than English is becoming an increasingly significant problem. Rules, theories, algorithms, and retrieval methods designed and developed for English and other morphologically similar languages may or may not apply in the linguistic environments of other languages. The problem is particularly acute in languages that differ radically from English on account of morphological rules. This thesis compares the effects of two indexing and retrieval techniques (stemming and root retrieval) on information retrieval in Arabic through an exploratory study of the handling of Arabic words by an English search engine. It also investigates how best to adapt existing English-language information retrieval systems for use with Arabic-language texts, and specifically to process words and their morphological variations. Search experiments, using 2000 Arabic documents and 40 Arabic search terms (nouns), were conducted with a Web search engine developed for English, AltaVista, to compare the performances of stemming and root retrieval and to investigate the possibility of adapting this engine for use with Arabic text. The results of the experiments show that more effective retrieval can be accomplished through stemming, and that it is possible to adapt the engine for use with Arabic without the need to develop root-retrieval features
Internet Chat Rooms: Opinions by the Arab Listeners of the BBC
No full textContributions to a BBC news feedback forum by 94 Arab listeners on “Internet chat rooms” were analyzed. The results show conservative approaches to using these rooms and a cautious outlook towards their effect on society. They also point to differences in male and female views and use of these rooms.Les contributions de 94 auditeurs arabes d’un groupe de nouvelles de la BBC au sujet des « salons de clavardage Internet » ont été analysées. Les résultats indiquent une certaine prudence dans la manière d’utiliser ces salons, ainsi que des points de vue réservés en ce qui concerne leur effet sur la société. Les résultats soulignent également la distinction qui existe entre la perception et l’utilisation de ces salons de clavardage par les hommes et les femmes.
An Investigation of the Necessity of Information Retrieval for Algorithms for Full-Text Arabic Databases
No full textThis research investigated one aspect of Arabic linguistic structure that might affect information retrieval: prefixes and their role in word formation. This aspect of Arabic information retrieval was looked at in an English environment. The lack of left-hand truncation in English search engines was hypothesized to hinder the effectiveness of retrieving information in Arabic, and search experiments were. .
Public Opinion on the Web: The Arab Listeners of the BBC
No full textSample contributions by Arab contributors to a discussion forum were analyzed to study the role of the Web in promoting free speech and demystifying long held views of Arab public opinion. The findings of the study highlight the importance of the role played by the Web in promoting free speech among traditionally repressed populations, and provide insights that will help in correcting misconceptions about Arab public opinion.Un échantillonnage d’interventions par des participants arabes à un forum de discussion a été analysé afin d’étudier le rôle du Web dans le développement de la liberté de parole et la démystification des préjugés concernant l’opinion publique arabe. Les résultats de l’étude mettent en lumière l’importance du rôle joué par le Web dans le développement de la liberté de parole parmi les populations traditionnellement réprimées et offrent des idées qui aideront à corriger les idées préconçues concernant l’opinion publique arabe.
URLs in Their Native Language: Opinions of Arab Users of the Internet
No full textContributions to a BBC news forum by 140 Arab listeners on "URLs in Arabic for the First Time" were analyzed. The analysis identified a wide range of views on the usefulness of Arabic URLs and showed a general uneasiness towards changing the familiar way of browsing and accessing Internet resources.Cette communication repose sur l\u27analyse des contributions de 140 auditeurs arabes à un forum de nouvelles de la BBC intitulé « URLs in Arabic for the First Time ». L\u27analyse démontre une grande variation de l\u27opinion sur l\u27utilité des URL en arabe ainsi qu\u27un malaise généralisé à l\u27idée de changer un mode de navigation et d\u27accès aux ressources internet familier
Mental Models and Information Retrieval: What Can Search Queries Tell Us?
No full textWhen information seekers use an information retrieval system their strategy is based, at least in part, on the mental model they have constructed about this environment. A random sample was gathered of more than 2000 actual search queries submitted by users to one web search engine. WebCrawler, in two separate capture sessions. The results suggest that a high proportion of users do not employ advanced search features..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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