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    Adverse effects of E150d on zebrafish development

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    E150d is a food additive used to increase palatability and impart colour to foods and drinks. Known as 'caramel dye', it contains 4-methylimidazole, a cytotoxic molecule for animal models and human. Recently, the growing consumption of E150d causes an increasing release of this additive into the environment, particularly in water bodies. For this reason, in this study it was assessed the toxic effect of E150d on zebrafish embryos, a conventional aquatic model organism. Six hours post fertilization embryos were treated with two different concentrations of El 50d (0.3 g/L and 0.6 g/L) for 72 h and their embryonic development was studied. It emerged that this food additive induced toxic effects on hatching, survival, embryos phenotype and cardiac beat with a dose-dependent trend. Furthermore, it impaired swimming performance and induced damages in skeletal muscles and pericardial cavity. Data obtained showed the risk associated with the dispersion of E150d in water bodies suggesting that a greater attention should be paid in avoiding an unnecessary use so to preserve human and environmental health

    Cadmium and Visual Performance in Danio Rerio.

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    This study describes the negative effects exerted by cadminum intoxication on behavioral responses to re-illumination with white or colored light in the zebrafish, Danio rerio

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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