1,721,044 research outputs found
UAV-based 3D localization of passive UHF-RFID tags empowering outdoor stock management
No full textThe management of stocks in outdoor warehouses and shipyards is not a trivial task, and UHF-RFID technology represents an attractive candidate to face it. This paper presents the application of a fast 3D Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) method sped up through Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) for localizing goods tagged with passive UHF-RFID tags by exploiting a remotely piloted Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The UAV carries reader and antenna and can freely move in the three directions of the space, by forming synthetic arrays with a large aperture length along the three spatial directions. The UAV trajectory is measured through a differential GPS system. Performance is validated through an experimental analysis which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed system
Home Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2021 Conference paper One Place, Different Communities’ Perceptions. Mapping Cultural Ecosystem Services in the Asinara National Park (Italy)
No full textA Survey on Indoor Vehicle Localization through RFID Technology
No full textThis paper presents a state-of-the-art analysis on the methods suitable for vehicle indoor localization and exploiting the RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) technology. The survey describes three main categories of vehicle localization systems: (i) solutions exploiting only the RFID technology, (ii) sensor-fusion techniques combining data from RFID systems and proprioceptive sensors, and (iii) sensor-fusion techniques combing RFID data with those of other exteroceptive sensors in addition to the RFID system itself. For each method, implementation and methodological details are discussed, by highlighting the applied RFID technology, namely passive HF-RFID, passive UHF-RFID, or any other RFID system. Also, the employed RFID parameters, i.e., tag EPC, RSSI or backscattered phase, are discussed. The survey focuses on the achievable localization performance, also accounting for infrastructure-deployment costs together with complexity and maintenance overhead. Positioning, tracking, navigation and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) issues are here considered. The analysis highlights pros and cons of each method, together with the main challenges and perspectives of RFID-based solutions for vehicle localization
Exploiting Near-Field Antenna Detuning in Collision Avoidance Systems for RFID-equipped Robots
No full textThis paper presents a collision avoidance system for mobile robots equipped with UHF-RFID (Ultra-High Frequency-Radio Frequency IDentification) readers. The proposed system requires the presence of RFID tags with self-tuning chips to recognize the tag antenna mismatch caused by the near-field interaction with the robot-installed antenna. The self-tuning tags are provided with a capacitors network used to re-tune the antenna in presence of mismatches. The network configuration is transmitted to the reader through modulated backscattering. The onboard computing intelligence can use this information to recognize a hazardous situation, stop the robot, and calculate a new safe route. The system is implemented and tested in a real environment where a statistical analysis with a large dataset is conducted to provide an optimized and reliable low-cost system
Multisensing IIoT Platform Enabled by Custom BAP RFID TAG
No full textIn this work, we introduce the design of a Battery-Assisted Passive (BAP) Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tag incorporating sensing capabilities. The tag operates at the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band to allow remote detection and data exchange. Designed for environmental monitoring in both industrial indoor facilities and outdoor environments, the tag is characterized by a general purpose microcontroller facilitating the data transmission between the RFID interface and the sensors. Particularly, the RFID chip integrated in the proposed system is configured as bridge for SPI communications, whereas the RFID reader acts as master node. Up on reader requests, the microcontroller triggers the required sensor to perform a measurement which result is stored in the RFID chip memory, easily accessible by the reader throughout standard RFID protocol operations. The tag encapsulates temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and 3D acceleration sensors. After the tag antenna design, fabrication, and system integration, the whole proposed system is verified experimentally in operating conditions to show its reliability
SAR-based Localization of UHF-RFID Tags in Smart Warehouses
No full textThis paper presents the application of the SAR- based localization for UHF-RFID tags in smart warehouses, when readings are acquired along multiple apertures. The reader antenna motion is achieved through a robot typically employed for item inventory. Two different estimation methods are investigated. The first one foresees an average operation among consecutive estimated tag positions when the SAR-based method is applied to single trajectories. Indeed, the second one adopts the SAR-based method jointly to the phase data collected along multiple trajectories. The method applicability is discussed by considering different trajectory configurations and different sources of error through both numerical simulations and an experimental analysis
Robot Localisation using UHF-RFID Tags for Industrial IoT Applications
No full textAutonomous systems are becoming more and more affordable and effective in dynamic industrial environments. Effective localisation algorithm are usually considered as enablers to increase the efficiency and the flexibility of industrial warehouses and production plants using automation. The paper presents a solution to both localise a mobile agent and reconstruct its entire trajectory through sensor fusion and using UHF-RFID passive tags. Solutions on dummy trajectories are reported to show the effectiveness of the proposed method
A Near-Field Focused Array Antenna Empowered by Deep Learning for UHF-RFID Smart Gates
Full text linkThis paper introduces a new Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) gate for access control merging the benefits of Near-Field Focusing (NFF) and Deep Learning (DL). The gate uses a near-field focused antenna with a slight tilted beam to create an asymmetrical reading volume, which is essential to determine the direction of tag transit with a single antenna. The power and phase of the signal backscattered from the tag are used as features for classifying tag status: crossing, static, or moving around the gate yet not crossing it. The antenna is made up of a 3 × 3 array of circularly polarized resonant patches, operating at the ETSI RFID band (865-868 MHz). After validating the coverage volume of the antenna, tag data were used to train a multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM) and a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network (LSTM-NN). The appropriately sized LSTM-NN yields 98% classification accuracy in a scenario emulating a realistic shop entrance. The solution offers improved robustness to multipath effects and reduced false positives compared to conventional RFID gates using phased array antennas, two closely spaced portals, or bulky electromagnetic screens or absorbers, at lower cost and with a simpler infrastructure
A UHF-RFID Multi-Antenna Sensor Fusion Enables Item and Robot Localization
No full textThis paper describes a UHF-RFID robotic system for tagged-item inventory and localization. A mobile robot is equipped with wheeled rotary encoders and a UHF-RFID reader connected to multiple antennas. At first, the robot reconstructs its trajectory by exploiting a sensor-fusion method combining odometry data with phase data gathered by on-board antennas from an infrastructure of passive reference tags. Then, it leverages its reconstructed trajectory to localize target tags placed at unknown locations through a multi-antenna synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) approach. A Particle Swarm Optimization is applied to speed up the position estimation. An experimental campaign conducted in an office environment is presented to verify the system features and feasibility. The performance of the proposed method for both tag localization and robot self-localization is compared with respect to the case of trajectories reconstructed only by odometry data or through a commercial Laser Range Finder mounted on the robot. Particularly, the effect of the cumulated drift of the estimated trajectory on the tag localization performance is investigated
Wireless Automatic Inspection of Soil and Plants through RFID IoT devices
No full textThis paper presents a custom UHF-RFID (Ultra High Frequency-Radio Frequency IDentification) battery-assisted sensor tag for IoT (Internet of Things) smart greenhouse applications. The considered scenario is handled by an automatic RFID robot that gathers phase and sensing data. The tag is designed to be matched to an EM4325 chip, and it is equipped with a set of sensors (temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil moisture) used to monitor environmental parameters. In addition, through the RFID signal phase shift data, a sorting operation is performed to obtain a complete database where each plant is localized and classified with all microclimate parameters. The system is validated by a measurement campaign that provides accurate environmental data and a reliable sorting operation
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