1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Prospects of Cooperation in the Eastern Nile Basin : The case of Experimental Game Application
Get PDFTensions over the use of Nile waters have recently increased and no comprehensive agreement till date acceptable to all Eastern Nile Basin riparian countries exists. After years of escalating tensions between upstream and downstream countries of the Nile basin, mainly because of Ethiopia's construction of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), a sense of mistrust hangs over the dam's ultimate use. Preventing transboundary water conflicts cannot be realized without forming adequate cooperation in managing shared waters which through robust and equitable structures and institutions. Since conflict resolution is a political process to make decisions after a lengthy procedure of negotiations, cooperation at transboundary level needs much time, patience and persistence to have ampler chances to succeed if the drivers and interests of the riparian states are identified, quantified and shared with the help of diplomatic mechanisms. The nature of cooperative decision-making at the transboundary water scale is regarded as a complex system composed which cannot be forgone without diplomacy among parties to facilitate understanding of actors' interests by creating a transparent and confident environment. This study developed a series of laboratory game experiment as an approach to examine the impact of a set of incentivized compensation options to promote cooperation through trust building, reduction of decision makers' uncertainties and simplification of complexities. To test whether individuals have the ability to signal the economic gains expansion as a motive for cooperation, this study reports a laboratory game experiment in the form of non-binding, 3-player, trust games. Payoff schemes are calculated and provided using real-world data for the case of the Eastern Nile Basin under four different allocation scenarios. The analysis of exploring cooperation probability under each scenario aims to identify the likelihood of the "win for all" decisions, which could not be reached with the unilateral behavior of states, but through a stable integrative and collaborative framework. The results of the experimental games indicate that cooperation is indeed hard to establish in a strategic environment with a sense of uncertainty for the future, but it is still attainable. Since cooperation is mostly conditional, as long as a set of preconditions are available and certain ranges of incentives are ensured, cooperation continues. The result of the study demonstrates that basin-wide security requires regional cooperation while cooperative decision-making takes place in a transparent environment with a variety of compensation options, institutional reforms, and incentive-compatible considerations. In the end, key conclusions prove that sustained and open communication and information sharing can lead to collective actions. In order to establish joint decision-making for cooperation over the shared waters, recognition of all sorts of benefits cooperation brings in a short and long run, and fair distribution of those benefits among the riparian countries play a crucial role.Die durch die Verwendung von Nil-Gewässern ausgelösten Spannung erhöhen sich seit geraumer Zeit und nach wie vor wurde noch keine umfassende Vereinbarung getroffen, welche akzeptable Lösungsansätze für alle Staaten am östlichen Nilufer darstellt. Nach Jahren der immer wieder eskalierenden Spannungen zwischen Downstream- und Upstream-Länder im Nilbecken, insbesondere im Hinblick auf Äthiopiens Bau des Grand Äthiopien Renaissance Dam (GERD), schwebt ein Gefühl von Misstrauen über dem Damm und Nutzung. Da die Konfliktlösung einen politischen Prozess darstellt, mit Entscheidungen die nach langwierigen Verhandlungsverfahren getroffen werden, braucht die Zusammenarbeit auf grenzüberschreitender Ebene, viel Zeit, Geduld und Beharrlichkeit, sofern Entscheidungsgrundlagen und Interessen der Uferstaaten mittels diplomatischer Mechanismen bekannt und quantifiziert wurden, um letztlich eine höhere Chance auf Erfolg zu realisieren/erhalten/haben/in Aussicht zu haben. Das Wesen der kooperativen Entscheidungsfindung in einem grenzüberschreitenden Wassersystem wird als ein komplexes Netzwerksystem betrachtet, welches nicht auf Diplomatie unter/zwischen den Parteien verzichten kann, um folglich das Verständnis von Interessen, durch Schaffung eines transparenten und zuversichtlichen Umfeldes, zu erleichtern. Diese Studie trägt dazu bei, eine Reihe von Laborspiel- Experimenten zu entwickeln, welche eine Reihe von Anreizkompensationsoptionen untersuchen, die die Kooperation durch Vertrauensbildung, also der Minderung der Zweifel Entscheidungsträger und die Vereinfachung der Komplexität fördern. Um zu testen, ob Einzelpersonen fähig sind, ihre Bereitschaft zur Zusammenarbeit zu signalisieren, wodurch sie ihre ökonomischen Gewinne erhöhen könnten, zeigt die Studie eine Reihe von experimentellen Laboratorien in Form von unverbindlichen, 3-Spieler, Vertrauensspielen. Die Analyse der Kooperationswahrscheinlichkeitserforschung jedes Szenarios zielt darauf ab, die Wahrscheinlichkeit der "win for all" -Situation zu identifizieren, die zwar nicht mit dem einseitigen Verhalten der Staaten erreichbar ist, jedoch durch einen stabilen, integrativen und kooperativen Rahmen bewerkstelligt werden kann. Die Ergebnisse des experimentellen Spiels zeigten, dass obwohl Zusammenarbeit in strategischen Umfeldern mit ungewisser Zukunft schwierig zu implementieren ist, dennoch, sofern Vorbedingungen zur Verfügung stehen, machbar ist. Da die Kooperation meist unter Vorbehalt ist, schreitet die Zusammenarbeit nur voran, solange eine Reihe von Voraussetzungen gegeben ist und bestimmte Anreizbereiche sichergestellt sind. Das Ergebnis der Studie zeigt, dass ein Becken weite Effizienz, eine regionale Kooperation erfordert und eine kooperative Entscheidungsfindung in einem transparenten Umfeld unter einer Vielzahl von Ausgleichsoptionen, institutionellen Veränderungen und anreizkompatiblen Überlegungen, möglich ist. Die Schlussfolgerungen sind letztlich, dass eine nachhaltige und offene Kommunikation zur Zusammenarbeit führen und eine kooperative Entscheidungsfindung schaffen kann. Das Verständnis für den wirtschaftlichen Nutzen durch die Zusammenarbeit, die Kooperationsbereitschaft und die Vertrauenswürdigkeit der Entscheidungsträger stellen die zentralen Problemfelder dar
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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