1,721,050 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Assessment of Infrastructure Resilience to Disasters: Case Study of the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake
Get PDFNatural disasters, such as earthquake, flood, hurricane and tornado, cause disruptions and damages in different infrastructure systems (e.g., water, electricity, road), and thus, greatly affect the quality of life. Despite the existing studies on infrastructure disaster resilience, an integrated framework for resilience assessment of interconnected infrastructure systems, especially in developing countries, is still missing. To this end, we proposed an integrated framework for assessment of resilience in interconnected infrastructure systems. The proposed framework includes eight indicators of infrastructure resilience: vulnerability, anticipation, redundancy, adaptive capacity, rapidity, resourcefulness, cross-scale interactions, and learning culture. In addition, three different types of infrastructure interdependencies that could affect the resilience of interconnected infrastructure systems are identified in the proposed framework. The proposed framework was used to examine the resilience performance of three infrastructure sectors (i.e., water, electricity, and road) in a case study of 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in Nepal. Using qualitative data collected from 45 in-depth interviews conducted with subject matter experts who were involved in the response and recovery process of Gorkha earthquake, key factors contributing to different resilience indicators as well as interdependencies between infrastructure sectors were identified. The data analysis results show that in general, the infrastructure systems in Nepal have inherent vulnerability even before the earthquake. There was anticipation of the occurrence of the earthquake. However, not enough preparation effort was made. After the earthquake, preliminary assessment and response were conducted in different infrastructure sectors. However, there was a severe delay in long-term reconstruction planning. The redundancy in water and electricity sectors developed over time (e.g., water tanks and privately-owned generators) due to the supply-demand disparity has helped the infrastructure systems to cope with the effects of the earthquake. The research findings also reveal how the interdependencies between different infrastructure sectors affected the disaster response and recovery in Nepal. For example, in some parts of Nepal, roads were narrow and when buildings collapsed, many roads were inaccessible, which affected the recovery process in electricity and water sectors. The study has important implications for engineers and decision-makers as it identified the characteristics of infrastructure systems in Nepal that contribute to different resilience indicators. In addition, the systematic qualitative data analysis method and the resilience assessment framework proposed in this study provide new opportunities for disaster resilience studies in the future
Examining the Impact of Service Interruptions on Social Groups During Natural Disasters
No full textNatural disasters place tremendous pressure on critical infrastructure systems by testing their service reliability under extreme conditions. System failures are inevitable during harsh events, and prolonged disruptions could pose a serious risk to the mental, physical, and emotional well-being of community residents. However, research has shown that the infrastructure service disruptions will not be experienced the same way by the sub-populations in the community, and socially vulnerable groups tend to suffer more from such disruptions. The research paper suggests that different social factors including income, race/ ethnicity, education, age, medical conditions, house type, homeownership, and years of residence could magnify the disaster impact. The objective of this paper is to identify the social factors most influential to the differences in the disaster impact due to the service disruptions. The temporal and physical context of this study were the transportation, communication services, water, and power outages during and in the immediate aftermath of Hurricane Harvey in 2017. The research concluded that specific social groups were disproportionately affected. The findings demonstrate the need to integrate the social dimensions in disaster mitigation and planning practices in order to make improvements on the current condition of the infrastructure systems to address inequalities in risks experienced by the residents due to natural disasters
Assessment of Household-level Food-Energy-Water Nexus Vulnerability during Extreme Weather Events
No full textWater, energy, and food infrastructure systems are highly interconnected, where disruptions in one system have direct or indirect impact on others. Household-level Food-Energy-Water (FEW) Nexus relationships have not been explored under real disaster circumstances: therefore, critical information about household behaviors related to infrastructure dependencies and use in a disaster setting have not been empirically understood. Using Hurricane Harvey as a case study, this paper employs a FEW Nexus approach to analyze the influence of integrated infrastructure disruptions on household vulnerability in extreme weather events. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and the Spearman correlation method were utilized to analyze and quantify correlations of household data collected from post-disaster Houston, Texas. Results show that households who faced disparities in their access to food infrastructure were less likely to prepare and more likely to experience high amounts of hardship due to FEW disruptions. The nexus framework developed in this study can serve as a foundation to expand the transdisciplinary research of infrastructure and community resilience to better address the needs of the population in an emergency
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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