1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Development of valid histologic index for the evaluation of disease activity in ulcerative colitis
No full textABSTRACTBackground: Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the large bowel, may lead to significant morbidity and early mortality. Medical treatment for UC targets several endpoints in clinical practice and clinical trials including clinical, endoscopic, radiologic, biochemical and histologic disease activity. Because histologic disease activity has been linked with long-term sequelae, even in the absence of endoscopically visible disease, healing of the inner colonic lining (mucosal healing) is a potentially important treatment goal. Although many histologic indices have been described, their operating properties are unknown. Objectives: To conduct a systematic review to identify partially or fully validated histologic indices of disease activity in UC and to test the identified indices for reliability by comparing intra- and inter-rater intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC).Methods: A 2-phase study was undertaken. In Phase 1, a systematic review was conducted to identify all UC histologic indices and evaluate their item selection process and use of psychometric methods. In Phase 2, five expert gastroenterology pathologists rated disease activity on 150 digitized histology slides on three occasions using the previously identified indices and a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) global measure of histologic disease activity. Histology slides used in this study were from a randomized controlled trial conducted in 2005 that evaluated the effectiveness of, a now proven to be effective, leukocyte trafficking inhibitor called vedolizumab. Intra- and inter-rater agreement was measured using ICC with 95% confidence intervals. Subsequently, a consensus process was conducted among a panel of expert pathologists to understand major sources of disagreement. Results: Eighteen histologic indices were identified of which 2 were developed using a clearly defined item selection process and had undergone some appropriate psychometric testing. These two indices, the Geboes Score (GS) and modified Riley Score (MRS) showed “substantial” to “almost perfect” intra-rater agreement but only “moderate” inter-rater agreement. Based on the qualitative consensus results, rules and standard definitions were developed to aid in future studies.Conclusions: Most histologic indices of disease activity in UC did not employ psychometric testing during their development phase. The GS and MRS histologic indices showed “substantial” to “almost perfect” intra-rater agreement, but less than satisfactory inter-rater agreement. We recommend utilizing standardized definitions and rules to minimize disagreement between pathologists in the development and validation of a histologic index for disease activity in UC. Further studies that implement these recommendations are underway.Key Words: Ulcerative colitis, disease activity, index, histologic, agreement.RÉSUMÉContexte: La colite ulcéreuse (CU), une maladie inflammatoire chronique qui affecte le gros intestin, peut conduire à une morbidité importante et une mortalité précoce. Le traitement médical de l'UC cible plusieurs points de terminaison dans la pratique clinique et les essais cliniques, y compris endoscopique, radiologique, l'activité clinique de la maladie, biochimiques et histologiques. Parce que l'activité de la maladie histologique a été liée à des séquelles à long terme, même en l'absence de la maladie par voie endoscopique visible, la guérison de la muqueuse colique intérieure (cicatrisation des muqueuses) est un objectif de traitement potentiellement important. Bien que de nombreux indices histologiques ont été décrits, leurs propriétés de fonctionnement ne sont pas connus.Objectifs: effectuer un examen systématique pour identifier les indices histologiques partiellement ou entièrement validées de l'activité de la maladie dans la RCH et pour tester les indices identifiés pour la fiabilité en comparant inter-et intra-juges intra-classe coefficients de corrélation (CPI).Méthodes: Une étude de phase 2 a été réalisée. Dans la phase 1, un examen systématique a été menée afin d'identifier tous les indices histologiques de communications unifiées et d'évaluer leur processus de sélection de l'article et l'utilisation de méthodes psychométriques appropriées. Dans la phase 2, cinq gastroentérologie pathologistes experts notés activité de la maladie sur 150 lames histologiques numérisées à trois reprises à l'aide des indices précédemment identifiées et une échelle de 100 mm visuelle analogique (EVA) de mesure globale de l'activité de la maladie histologique. diapositives histologiques utilisés dans cette étude étaient d'un essai contrôlé randomisé mené en 2005 qui a évalué l'efficacité de, un maintenant prouvé pour être efficace, un inhibiteur de la traite des leucocytes appelé vedolizumab. Inter et intra-évaluateur a été mesurée à l'aide de la CPI avec des intervalles de confiance à 95%. Par la suite, un processus de consensus a été menée auprès d'un panel de médecins experts pour comprendre les principales sources de désaccord.Résultats: Dix-huit indices histologiques ont été identifiés, dont 2 ont été développés en utilisant un processus de sélection d'un élément clairement défini et avaient subi des tests psychométriques approprié. Ces deux indices, les Geboes Note (GS) et Score modifié Riley (MRS) ont montré "substantielle" de l'accord "presque parfait" intra-évaluateur mais seul accord "modérée" inter-évaluateur. Sur la base des résultats du processus de consensus qualitatives, des règles et des définitions normalisées ont été élaborées pour aider dans les études futures.Conclusions: La plupart des indices histologiques de l'activité de la maladie en UC n'ont pas utilisé des tests psychométriques au cours de leur phase de développement. Les indices histologiques GS et MRS ont montré à un accord intra-évaluateur "substantielle" "presque parfait", mais moins que satisfaisante accord inter-juges. Nous recommandons l'utilisation de définitions et règles standardisées afin de minimiser le désaccord entre les pathologistes dans le développement et la validation d'un indice histologique de l'activité de la maladie dans la RCH et d'autres études qui mettent en œuvre ces recommandations sont en cours.Mots clés: colite ulcéreuse, l'activité de la maladie, index, histologiques, accord.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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