8 research outputs found
Morphological Characterization of Okra (Abelmoschus [Medik.]) Accessions
Get PDFOkra (Abelmoschus [Medik.] species) is a prominent vegetable due to the diverse economic roles of its leaves, fruits, seeds, floral parts, and stems. This study investigated the morphological distinctiveness among varieties and between species of okra. Five okra accessions were obtained from the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Nigeria, including two A. esculentus (NG/OA/03/12/157 and NG/OA/05/12/159) and three A. caillei (NG/OA/03/12/158, NG/SA/DEC/07/0475, and NG/SA/DEC/07/0482) species. During the developmental stage, the accessions exhibited a degree of similarity; however, at maturity, the leaf and fruit color, height, leaf shape, and flowers of the five accessions became distinct. A cluster of the phenotype was observed at 4.123 level of coefficient of similarity with two distinct clusters. Distinct morphological features included the nature of the epicalyx segment, the position of the fruit on the stem, fruit shape, and fruit color. These features may be used to identify the accessions. The common morphological features of clusters 1 and 3 were leaf shape and fruit length at maturity. Significant differences were observed among all the five accessions in terms of stem length, petiole length, and leaf node. This study suggests that morphological variations exist among the accessions, which can be further enumerated through molecular characterization. The characteristics could distinguish the Abelmoschus accessions into A. caillei and A. esculentus and provide credence to the use of morphological characteristics to characterize plant genetic resources. These characteristics may be exploited by plant breeders for sustainable utilization of the okra germplasm
Effects of Indole-3-Acetic Acid on Germination in Lead Polluted Petri Dish of Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsumura and Nakai, Cucurbitaceae
Get PDFWatermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsumura and Nakai is a tropical fruit vegetable. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a popular phytohormone while lead (Pb) is a common environmental pollutant in urban and sub-urban centers. C. lanatus were obtained from Benin City with a view to study the effects of IAA on their germination in Pb polluted environment. Germination percentage without IAA and Pb treatment in petri dish was significant after ten days. Hastened germination was observed when IAA and lead were used. About 100 % germination was recorded after seven days. This suggests that water melon seeds can initiate growth even in lead polluted environment. Optimum level of 5 ppm IAA with the different levels of lead treatments may be recommended. Most important was that higher concentrations of Pb in the control (without IAA) did not inhibit seedling shoot nor root growth. Longest seedling shoot length (cm) was 10.33 ± 1.24 and 12.13 ± 2.06 on the seventh and eighth day respectively with the combined treatment levels of 1 ppm IAA and 15 ppm Pb. On the ninth day, 15.27 ± 0.96 was obtained from 1 ppm IAA and 20 ppm Pb. Longest seedling root length (cm) values were recorded from the combined treatment levels of 0 ppm IAA and 10 ppm Pb for the seventh (9.10 ± 0.47) and ninth (10.37 ± 1.81) day respectively and 0 ppm and 15 ppm Pb on the eighth (9.37 ± 0.84) day. Significant means were also obtained with the treatment level of 0 and 20 ppm IAA. This present study suggest the germination of C. lanatus under Pb polluted environment may be rescued with optimum IAA
Morphological Evaluation of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linn.) Cultivars
Get PDFTomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linn.) is widely cultivated and is economically beneficial. Tomato cultivars were obtained from traditional agriculture systems, and their morphological characters were evaluated. The cultivars included Pepper tomato [ED/CH/01], Edo local [ED/CH/02], Golden tomato [ED/CH/03] and Derica tomato [ED/CH/04]. Results of the principal component analyses of 27 morphological characters indicated that two characters accounted for 94.65 % of the observed variations. Scatter plots suggested good tendency of grouping for the four accessions. In the dendrogram, two clusters were formed with ED/CH/01, ED/CH/02 and ED/CH/03 grouped together whereas ED/CH/04
clustered separately. The clustering pattern implicated a common origin and/or gene pool for the cultivars. Cultivars ED/CH/01, ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 showed determinate growth type, while ED/CH/02 showed a semi-determinate growth pattern. Further, in terms of plant size, ED/CH/01 and ED/CH/02 were intermediate, while ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 were large. The characteristics of the flower and fruits exhibited diversity in terms of the corolla color, style, shape, fruit size at maturity, exterior color of the mature fruit, fruit shoulder, fruit cross-sectional shape, and fruit blossom end shape. These cultivars collectively possess characteristics that can be used by plant breeders. We recommend that further characterization using molecular techniques as well as conservation attention for these local germplasms should be conducted
Ethnobotany and Collection of West African Okra [Abelmoschus caillei (A. Chev.) Stevels] Germplasm in Some Communities in Edo and Delta States, Southern Nigeria
Get PDFWest African Okra (WAO), [Abelmoschus caillei (A. Chev.) Stevels, Malvaceae] is a garden cultivar intraditional agricultural system in West Africa, which is its center of diversity. In this study, WAO germplasmcollection missions were carried out in Koko, Agbor and Umunede communities in Delta state and Abudu,Ogan, Ologbo, Agenebode communities in Edo state. Through random sampling, informants were selected andadministered open and close ended questionnaire in order to assess local knowledge of WAO. Three scheduledvisits were carried out to each community. A total of 179 accessions of WAO were collected from the differentcommunities with 70 (ten from each community) accessions examined. Demographic distribution suggests78.6% and 21.4% female to male respondents respectively. Majority of these germplasm holders practiceChristianity (88.1%) with the largest age range group encountered been 51-60 (29.4%) while the least was 21-30 (9.1%). The prominent occupation of respondents was farming (45.2%) while dominant ethnic groups wereBenin (42.9%) and Ika (16.7%). The presences of some vegetables considered as competitive substitute wererecorded from the study area including Common Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), Pumpkin (Telfairiaoccidentalis), Pigweed (Amaranthus sp.), Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Bitter leaf (Vernoniaamygdalina), Water leaf (Talinum triangulare) and Scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum). Food and non-food usewas recorded for WAO. Local names for the crop include Omonukpogbe, Onanukporu, Ukhia noka, Okuruokoki and Manukpogbe. Food use dominates non-food use for WAO in the study area regardless of theindustrial potentials of the wood and phytochemicals. The study has emphasized the roles of traditionalagriculture system and local knowledge in the management of crop germplasm
Morphological Characterization of Okra (Abelmoschus [Medik.]) Accessions
No full textOkra (Abelmoschus [Medik.] species) is a prominent vegetable due to the diverse economic roles of its leaves, fruits, seeds, floral parts, and stems. This study investigated the morphological distinctiveness among varieties and between species of okra. Five okra accessions were obtained from the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Nigeria, including two A. esculentus (NG/OA/03/12/157 and NG/OA/05/12/159) and three A. caillei (NG/OA/03/12/158, NG/SA/DEC/07/0475, and NG/SA/DEC/07/0482) species. During the developmental stage, the accessions exhibited a degree of similarity; however, at maturity, the leaf and fruit color, height, leaf shape, and flowers of the five accessions became distinct. A cluster of the phenotype was observed at 4.123 level of coefficient of similarity with two distinct clusters. Distinct morphological features included the nature of the epicalyx segment, the position of the fruit on the stem, fruit shape, and fruit color. These features may be used to identify the accessions. The common morphological features of clusters 1 and 3 were leaf shape and fruit length at maturity. Significant differences were observed among all the five accessions in terms of stem length, petiole length, and leaf node. This study suggests that morphological variations exist among the accessions, which can be further enumerated through molecular characterization. The characteristics could distinguish the Abelmoschus accessions into A. caillei and A. esculentus and provide credence to the use of morphological characteristics to characterize plant genetic resources. These characteristics may be exploited by plant breeders for sustainable utilization of the okra germplasm
Morphological Evaluation of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linn.) Cultivars
No full textTomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linn.) is widely cultivated and is economically beneficial. Tomato cultivars were obtained from traditional agriculture systems, and their morphological characters were evaluated. The cultivars included Pepper tomato [ED/CH/01], Edo local [ED/CH/02], Golden tomato [ED/CH/03] and Derica tomato [ED/CH/04]. Results of the principal component analyses of 27 morphological characters indicated that two characters accounted for 94.65 % of the observed variations. Scatter plots suggested good tendency of grouping for the four accessions. In the dendrogram, two clusters were formed with ED/CH/01, ED/CH/02 and ED/CH/03 grouped together whereas ED/CH/04 clustered separately. The clustering pattern implicated a common origin and/or gene pool for the cultivars. Cultivars ED/CH/01, ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 showed determinate growth type, while ED/CH/02 showed a semi-determinate growth pattern. Further, in terms of plant size, ED/CH/01 and ED/CH/02 were intermediate, while ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 were large. The characteristics of the flower and fruits exhibited diversity in terms of the corolla color, style, shape, fruit size at maturity, exterior color of the mature fruit, fruit shoulder, fruit cross-sectional shape, and fruit blossom end shape. These cultivars collectively possess characteristics that can be used by plant breeders. We recommend that further characterization using molecular techniques as well as conservation attention for these local germplasms should be conducte
