43 research outputs found
Physiological responses to rock climbing in young climbers
No full textKey questions regarding the training and physiological qualities required to produce an elite rock climber remain inadequately defined. Little research has been done on young climbers. The aim of this paper was to review literature on climbing alongside relevant literature characterising physiological adaptations in young athletes. Evidence-based recommendations were sought to inform the training of young climbers. Of 200 studies on climbing, 50 were selected as being appropriate to this review, and were interpreted alongside physiological studies highlighting specific common development growth variables in young climbers. Based on injury data, climbers younger than 16 years should not participate in international bouldering competitions and intensive finger strength training is not recommended. The majority of climbing foot injuries result from wearing too small or unnaturally shaped climbing shoes. Isometric and explosive strength improvements are strongly associated with the latter stages of sexual maturation and specific ontogenetic development, while improvement in motor abilities declines. Somatotyping that might identify common physical attributes in elite climbers of any age is incomplete. Accomplished adolescent climbers can now climb identical grades and compete against elite adult climbers aged up to and >40 years. High-intensity sports training requiring leanness in a youngster can result in altered and delayed pubertal and skeletal development, metabolic and neuroendocrine aberrations and trigger eating disorders. This should be sensitively and regularly monitored. Training should reflect efficacious exercises for a given sex and biological age
An analysis of the figures of speech in Emily Dick Inson's poems and death
No full textLiterature specifically poetry is chosen as the object of this study since we can enlarge our scope of knowledge on human experience. Through poetry, we are led to
be more sensible, not only to the experience of others, but also to understand ours. This is possible as poetry is a reflection of the dynamic phenomena of human life with its
various aspects, either beautiful or ugly.
The multidimensional nature of the language of poetry becomes the focus of this study especially the figures of speech. TI1e poems chosen come from one of the famous
English poets, Emily Dickinson. She is a productive poet who has produced many poems with various themes. Therefore, Death is chosen among tl1e other themes as to
limit the scope of this study especially the physical death which continues to be an interesting topic to talk about as it continues to arise various responses among the
society both positively and negatively.
Aiming to get the views of the author concerning the physical death which are reflected through the figures of speech in her poems, the writer has chosen fifteen of her
poems on death. The research question which is answered through this study is: 'What figures of speech are used to represent Death in Emily Dickinson's poems?. In getting
the answer of the above question, three theories are used by the writer, they are: (1) Content Analysis, (2) Practical Literature Analysis, (3) Discourse Analysis.
With the use of the above three theories, the writer has found that Emily Dickinson poems specifically on Death are rich with figures of speech especially symbols, metonymies, simile's and personification. The figures of speech are used by the author to represent her views on Death both positively and negatively. This ambigous views are caused by the nature of death which can be frightening for those
who are not prepared for it, but also it can be pleasant for those who believe that this is the beginning of a new life and the end of the sorrows in life.
By conducting this study, the writer can learn new sentence patterns and new vocabularies which can be applied later on, especially in writing. Furthermore, the writer can get a deeper understanding on figures of speech as a means to deliver a message implicitly. Therefore, it is suggested that a study on Emily Dickinson's poetry can be conducted also by the future researchers as there are many aspects that need to be explored or wait to be revealed
The UIAA Medical Commission Injury Classification for Mountaineering and Climbing Sports
No full text
Consumptive death in Victorian literature: 1830 - 1880.
No full textPhDVictorian medical men, writers, relatives of the dying and consumptive sufferers
themselves seized on the narrative potential of representations of the disease in a
variety of ways.
I argue that both medical and lay writers subscribed to a common set of beliefs
about the disease and that medical knowledge, moreover, shared a common
narrative way of knowing and understanding it. I analyse aspects of general
clinical expository texts, including accompanying illustrations, showing how a
narrative knowledge of death and the tubercular body was elaborated.
Furthermore, I show how documents used in the compilation of medical statistics
on the cause of death were fundamentally narrative through their reliance on case
narratives.
It is demonstrated that Dickens uses a seldom noticed consumptive death and
decline to offset his heroine's development in Bleak House, in ways similar to
those developed in Jane Eyre. Similarly, it is shown that Mrs Gaskell's use of a
consumptive alcoholic 'fallen woman' unsettles her account of her heroine in Mary
Barton. George Eliot's 'Janet's Repentance' is analysed, showing how the
psychological struggle between an orientation towards life or death is played out
across both alcoholism and consumption. I also examine how consumption
presents a narrative opportunity whereby plots involving setbacks in love are
resolved through women's consumptive deaths in popular fiction by Rhoda
Broughton,Ladv Georgiana Fullerton and others. Through an examination of the Journal of Emily Shore and accounts of other actual
deaths, I illustrate how experiences and accounts of consumptive deaths were
structured and rendered intelligible through reliance on beliefs encountered in both
fiction and medicine. In conclusion, the thesis alerts readers to the presence of
signifiers of consumption in Victorian texts, showing how various narrative
strategies are integral to any understanding of representations of its dying victim
Carlyle\u27s Past and Present and German Thought
No full textThe over-all purpose of this thesis is to present the German thought in Thomas Carlyle\u27s Past And Present as based on the investigations of critics, on the words of Carlyle, and on the related works of German writers; and thereby, to arrive at conclusions pertaining to these findings. Because the author of Past and Present has been accused of invading the works of other authors like a monarch and of transforming their ideas according to his own particular needs, there is a problem of considerable significance involved in regard to his sources. However, critics have examined the background and development of Carlyle and their conclusion is that his theories on history, heroes, duty, and the idealistic universe have been shaped according to the thought of German writers. These theories in turn contribute a significant part to the dominant theme in Past and Present; that is, as Carlyle denounces the nineteenth century, he advocates a return to the past, a recognition of heroes, a need for action or duty, and a return to God for an idealistic universe. Although the theories of Carlyle were originally formulated mainly from the Germans Fichte, Goethe, Schiller, Kant, Novalis, and Schelling, his theories in Past and Present are not a representative of all these German writers; for when Carlyle wrote Past and Present this German influence was believed to have been on the decline. However, the ideas of Fichte on history, of Fichte and Novalis on heroes, of Goethe on Duty, and of Richter, Goethe, and Novalis on the idealistic universe are extensively used in the primary thought of Past and Present. Therefore, the conclusion is drawn that although the number of German writers represented in Past and Present is lessened, the German ideas are still a dominating factor in the thought of Past and Present
Occupational Aspects of Alpine Helicopter Rescue Operations: Recommendation of the Medical Commission of the Union Internationale des Associations d’Alpinisme
No full textSecondary Analysis of Diabetes and Psychological Distress in American Indian Women from the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS).
No full textSince European settlers arrived to the United States (U.S.), American Indians (AI) have been separate and unequal members of society. After a long history of discrimination, ethnocide, genocide, and distrust, the AI have become a population with severe disparities, having the highest rates of diabetes, depression, suicide, tuberculosis, and alcoholism than any other minority or majority population in the U.S. The author\u27s purpose for conducting this study was to explore a possible relationship between depression or psychological distress and diabetes in AI women.
AI women are the most under studied group in the country; therefore, a secondary analysis of the large established California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) was done. The sample used 1,110 self-identified AI women\u27s data. Even though the literature shows that the AI have the highest rates of diabetes and depression of any population, this analysis revealed no statistically significant relationship between the two diseases. It did reveal many limitations and implications associated with the use of such large databases for the AI woman.
Among the limitations were the survey itself, its administration to the AI population, guidelines for self-identifying as AI, and the researcher\u27s limited access to the data. The implications of this study are significant. Large databases provide the basis for social and political decisions such as allocation of federal dollars for health care. Healthcare and health care services are designed according to the health burden of specific populations. If these databases are in error, or not representative of the true population, healthcare decisions will not reflect the true health care needs of the population. The inadequacies of large databases results in less funding, leading to less quality health care, and an increase in AI health disparities. Further research is needed to determine the actual health burden depression and diabetes place on the AI woman
