1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) demographics and movement in the presence of undersized road crossings in headwater streams in central New Hampshire
Get PDFElectronic Thesis or DissertationPopulations of wild Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) continue to decline across their historic range, making relatively healthy populations and intact habitats within northern New England increasingly important for conservation. The Beebe River watershed, located in central New Hampshire, is home to intact headwater populations of wild Brook Trout despite movement barriers and riparian manipulation affecting tributaries to the mainstem river. The region has also experienced two centuries of widespread timber harvest and a century of stream acidification, creating further ecological stressors. We focused on three headwater tributaries with 1) impassable road crossing and reduced canopy cover, 2) passable road crossing and reduced canopy cover, and 3) no impediments to movement and unaltered canopy. We documented Brook Trout abundance, density, age structure, condition, biomass, growth, net movement, cumulative movement, home range, and recruitment with the goal of better understanding potential habitat influences on fish across tributaries and among geomorphic threshold regions. Our primary sampling methods included depletion electrofishing, PIT tag mark-recapture techniques, and detailed habitat assessments and temperature monitoring. We hypothesized that undersized crossings and no-low canopy reaches would create physical and thermal barriers for fish. In particular, we predicted that fish in streams with these barriers would exhibit lower density, fewer age classes and lower growth rates while seasonal and annual movement would increase compared to fish in an unimpacted stream. Overall, tributary populations were comprised of young fish that exhibited little movement. We failed to support many of our hypothesis metrics due to underestimating the indirect influences of no-low canopy reaches. Although we documented a crossing barrier inhibiting upstream movement, fish with unrestricted access to the no-low canopy primarily grew more and moved less, while density remained stable interannually. In contrast, fish in the most impacted stream and the unimpacted stream exhibited increased movement and significant declines in interannual density. This project was a unique opportunity to compile a detailed description of the spatial and temporal differences in Brook trout populations for two seasons prior to multiple crossing replacements and habitat enhancement. Our research helps fisheries managers to better understand the benefit of watershed-wide restoration to inform the protection of wild Brook Trout populations
Wild Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Demographics and Movement in the Presence of Undersized Road Crossings in Headwater Streams in Central New Hampshire
Get PDFPopulations of wild Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) continue to decline across their historic range, making relatively healthy populations and intact habitats within northern New England increasingly important for conservation. The Beebe River watershed, located in central New Hampshire, is home to intact headwater populations of wild Brook Trout despite movement barriers and riparian manipulation affecting tributaries to the mainstem river. The region has also experienced two centuries of widespread timber harvest and a century of stream acidification, creating further ecological stressors. We focused on three headwater tributaries with 1) impassable road crossing and reduced canopy cover, 2) passable road crossing and reduced canopy cover, and 3) no impediments to movement and unaltered canopy. We documented Brook Trout abundance, density, age structure, condition, biomass, growth, net movement, cumulative movement, home range, and recruitment with the goal of better understanding potential habitat influences on fish across tributaries and among geomorphic threshold regions. Our primary sampling methods included depletion electrofishing, PIT tag mark-recapture techniques, and detailed habitat assessments and temperature monitoring. We hypothesized that undersized crossings and no-low canopy reaches would create physical and thermal barriers for fish. In particular, we predicted that fish in streams with these barriers would exhibit lower density, fewer age classes and lower growth rates while seasonal and annual movement would increase compared to fish in an unimpacted stream. Overall, tributary populations were comprised of young fish that exhibited little movement. We failed to support many of our hypothesis metrics due to underestimating the indirect influences of no-low canopy reaches. Although we documented a crossing barrier inhibiting upstream movement, fish with unrestricted access to the no-low canopy primarily grew more and moved less, while density remained stable interannually. In contrast, fish in the most impacted stream and the unimpacted stream exhibited increased movement and significant declines in interannual density. This project was a unique opportunity to compile a detailed description of the spatial and temporal differences in Brook trout populations for two seasons prior to multiple crossing replacements and habitat enhancement. Our research helps fisheries managers to better understand the benefit of watershed-wide restoration to inform the protection of wild Brook Trout populations
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Restoring flow in the Beebe River: implications for eastern brook trout
Get PDFWild populations of Eastern Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) have been declining across their historic range. The Beebe River watershed (Campton and Sandwich, NH) possesses an intact, robust population of wild Brook trout. Recent private acquisition of the Beebe River uplands (5,435 acres) by The Conservation Fund includes the creation of a sustainable management plan focusing on preserving this unique population. During 2016, Plymouth State University and NH Fish and Game Department collected demographic, genetic, and movement data to understand the impacts of habitat degradation and fragmentation caused by impassible, human-made barriers. In 2017, five undersized road crossings over headwater tributaries draining into the Beebe River will be replaced with bridges. Monitoring will continue during (2017) and after (2018) culvert replacement to measure the impacts of increased connectivity. We predict that culvert removal will increase fish movement between and within tributaries, providing enhanced access to thermal refuge and spawning habitat, ultimately resulting in increased genetic variation and a decrease in negative impacts of inbreeding as a result of isolation. This project is a unique opportunity to document and track restored habitat connectivity on the genetic structure, demographics, and movement patterns of a wild Brook trout population in northern New England.Student Showcase of Excellence 201
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