1,721,015 research outputs found
Preface to the Collection
No full textThis collection of essays uses a variety of contexts to examine and review ideas of leadership and our perceptions of what leadership should be. The authors examine some of the influences, and particularly gender differences, on leadership style and consider how problems and barriers may be addressed
Aspiring to Leadership: Learning from the Perceptions of Dental Students
No full textCurrent trainee healthcare professionals will be the workforce of the future delivering all aspects of clinical care for a wide variety of patients. However, little is known about what influences trainees’ decision-making about their future career direction, whether they aspire to a leadership role and when this decision is made. A changing workforce demographic, developments in post graduate education and training pathways as well as a recognized need to develop leadership programmes for trainees makes this an opportune time to explore this topic.This chapter uses the views of a five-year cohort of undergraduate dental students to explore perceptions of future career choices and aspirations for leadership. The study compares the views by year group and gender and examines changing patterns. The study also considers the influence of family background, the drive for financial reward, the desire for flexible working hours and the impact of the university education experience on students’ views. Finally, arguments are presented about how aspirations for leadership can be encouraged, nurtured and utilised in future healthcare workforce planning.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Leadership for Improvement: Perceptions, Influences and Gender Differences
No full textThis collection of essays uses the context of healthcare, education and politics to examine and review ideas of leadership and perceptions of what leadership should be. The authors examine a range of influences on leadership style like gender differences and how these may be addressed.In healthcare, transformational leadership has been identified as essential to improve patient care and safety as well as the health service itself and to contribute to driving change in a positive and supportive way. Conversely, ineffective and disengaged leadership has been responsible for failures, including failures to meet and improve standards of care and safety. In other areas, although strong leadership is seen as key to implementing and managing the myriad of changes demanded in the current economic climate, poor leadership is often held responsible when things fail. It is in the context of this complex environment and the need to drive change for improvement that the chapters in this book examine some key facets of leadership. Along with discussing practical examples of leadership initiatives, the authors in this collection have reviewed and reflected on a wide range of leadership literature. Each chapter addresses elements of these challenges, and together they seek to map out not only the challenges facing those who wish to understand better the role and action of leaders, but also to develop a sense of what good leadership entails.The collection begins with a focus on healthcare (Chapters One through Seven); these chapters explore ways in which leadership is used to influence improvement and drive change. The healthcare chapters discuss how leadership has been used to develop global and European-wide approaches to improve medical care. They examine the role of leadership in shaping future healthcare professionals and the professions themselves. The role of leadership in encouraging collaborative approaches and multidisciplinarity as well as the influences of gender differences are all considered. Two of the healthcare chapters (Chapters Six and Seven) respectively outline a leadership programme for nursing students and reflect on an initiative to address gender inequalities in academia.The remaining chapters (Chapters Eight through Eleven) move beyond the healthcare arena and explore the influence of wisdom on leadership practices in higher education, how military values and experiences might influence leadership approaches more widely, and how perceptions of gender can influence and limit leadership potential and the leadership role itself. Negative behaviours and their impact on leadership decisions are also discusse
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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