1,721,009 research outputs found
Características y disparidades entre sub-especialidades: un estudio de caso con grupos de Biotecnología
Full text linkThe objective of this work is the study of the characteristics and disparities among the existing sub-specialities within interdisciplinary categories, putting forward the need to identify and assess each one separately. The Web of Science (WoS) databases were examined for the years 2003-2006, in order to explore the possible differences between biotechnology research teams in Madrid according to their specialization profile. This Spanish region has the highest output in biotechnology (27%), a category that interacts with other disciplines, such as microbiology, biochemistry and food science. For this reason, the study of teams includes, in a second analysis, not just the documents in this category, but also publications of the team leaders, regardless of their discipline. With these data, the influence of the specialization on the teams’ characteristics, collaboration patterns and impact is discussed. Three typologies are identified according to subspecialities: a) CORE teams (publishing 50% or more in biotechnology); b) BASIC teams (publishing in biochemistry and other basic disciplines); and c) MEDIUM teams (publishing in food science and other less basic disciplines). By means of statistical tests, significant differences in output and impact were found among them. The article concludes that these disparities should be taken into account when assessing categories of interdisciplinary research such as biotechnology.El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de las características y disparidades entre las sub-especialidades existentes dentro de categorías interdisciplinares, planteando la necesidad de identificar y evaluar por separado cada una de ellas. Se analizan los años 2003-2006, a través de las bases de datos del Web of Science (WoS), y se exploran las posibles diferencias entre grupos de investigación de Biotecnología de la Comunidad de Madrid según su perfil de especialización. Esta región española es la de mayor producción en Biotecnología (27%) y dicha categoría presenta interacciones con otras disciplinas como Microbiología, Bioquímica y Alimentos. Por este motivo, el estudio de grupos incluye, en un segundo análisis, no sólo los documentos de esta categoría, sino también todas las publicaciones de los investigadores principales, independientemente de su disciplina. Con estos datos, se examina la influencia de la especialización en las características de los grupos, sus patrones de colaboración y su impacto. Se identifican tres tipologías según las sub-especialidades: a) grupos del NÚCLEO (publicando el 50% o más de sus documentos en Biotecnología); b) grupos de tipo BÁSICO (publicando en Bioquímica y otras disciplinas básicas), y c) grupos de tipo MEDIO (publicando en Alimentos y disciplinas menos básicas). Por medio de pruebas estadísticas, se encontraron diferencias significativas entre estos conjuntos en relación con su producción e impacto. Se concluye que estas disparidades deberían ser tenidas en cuenta al evaluar la investigación que se produce en categorías interdisciplinares como la Biotecnología
Are women under-represented in two important types of co-authored publications?
No full textThis study investigates gender disparities in the Spanish workforce's distribution in international and industry collaborative publications, highlighting common issues and potential differences. The work provides detailed information not only by gender but also by research field, research career, author position, and number of co-authors. The findings show a lower presence of women in both types of collaboration, even in 'Biomedical & Health Sciences', although there are more women in the total number of publications of this field. Women are under-represented in relevant authorship positions (first, last or corresponding author), possibly due to their concentration in the early career stages. A greater number of co-authors is associated with a decreased likelihood of holding relevant authorship positions, with some exceptions for women in international collaboration. This article aims to encourage responsible metrics by suggesting changes in evaluation policies to avoid indirect biases affecting gender and career progression.N
Interdisciplinary in science: A tentative typology of disciplines and research areas
No full textInterdisciplinarity is considered the best way to face practical research topics since synergy between traditional disciplines has proved very fruitful. Studies on interdisciplinarity from all possible perspectives are increasingly demanded. Different interdisciplinarity measures have been used in case studies but, up to now, no general interdisciplinarity indicator useful for Science Policy purposes has been accepted. The bibliometric methodology presented here provides a general overview of all scientific disciplines, with special attention to their interrelation. This work aims to establish a tentative typology of disciplines and research areas according to their degree of interdisciplinarity. Interdisciplinarity is measured through a series of indicators based on Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) multi-assignation of journals in subject categories. Research areas and categories are described according to the quantity of their links (number of related categories) and their quality (with close or distant categories, diversity, and strength of links). High levels of interrelations between categories are observed. Four different types of categories are found through cluster analysis. This differentiates "big" interdisciplinarity, which links distant categories, from "small" interdisciplinarity, in which close categories are related. The location of specific categories in the clusters is discussed.This study was partly financed by the Spanish research project SEC97-1375 and the research grant FPI-95 included in the research project SEC95-0082 supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture.Peer reviewe
An approach to interdisciplinarity through bibliometric indicators
No full textInterdisciplinarity has become of increasing interest in science in the past few years. This paper is a case study in the area of Chemistry, in which a series of different bibliometric indicators for measuring interdisciplinarity are presented. The following indicators are analysed: a) ISI multi-classification of journals in categories, b) patterns of citations and references outside category and c) multi-assignation of documents in Chemical Abstracts sections. Convergence between the different indicators is studied. Depending on the size of the unit analysed (area, category or journal) the most appropriate indicators are determined.This study was partly financed by the Spanish research project SEC97-1375 and the research grant FPI-95 included in the research project SEC95-0082 supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture.Peer reviewe
Regionalisation of science and technology data in Spain
No full textThe scientific and technological performance of the 17 Spanish regions is studied through bibliometric and socio-economic indicators, to identify scientifically or technologically oriented regions, their specialities and characteristics. A descriptive typology of the Spanish regions based on R&D input and output indicators, as well as on social and economic indicators, is presented. The influence of regional policies in research and technological activities is discussed.Peer reviewe
How to automatically identify major research sponsors selecting keywords from the WoS Funding Agency field
No full textIn a context of increasingly limited resources, the demand for information from research funding bodies is growing. The exploitation of the funding acknowledgements collected in WoS publications can be useful for these sponsors, not only because it allows them to know the published results with their financial support, but also because it provides a framework to evaluate the efficiency of the different funding instruments. The present work adds to the knowledge of previous studies to offer a simple and efficient methodology that automatically identifies major sponsors, and their funded research, using keywords. To this end, articles with Spain in the address field and English in the language field are obtained (years 2010 2014), given that WoS only considers funding acknowledgements written in English. Subsequently, the Funding Agency (FA) field of these articles is treated, selecting funders' variants that will serve as keywords in the FTS (Full Text Search) for the location of the research supported by major sponsors. In addition, a sample of reviewed documents is provided to evaluate the reliability of the proposed methodology, performing also some statistical tests. The results show a recall of 91.5% of the sample articles, with a precision of 99%. Notwithstanding, there are differences in the automatic identification of funders by institutional sector and/or area, being the Government sector the one with the highest precision and recall, and the area of Agriculture, Biology & Environment the one with the best degree of association between the automatic classification and the reviewed one. Finally, possible future developments are offered, paying special attention to increasing the automation of the standardisation of funders' names.This work is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant CSO2014-57826 P and predoctoral contract BES-2015-073537).Peer reviewe
Evolution of Spanish journals in the international scene
No full textScientific journals not in the English language suffer increasing difficulty in being successful on the international scene. Some Spanish journals of high visibility in the SciSearch database were studied through a set of indicators: presence in databases; size and circulation; domestic or international character through language and authors' affiliation; normalised impact factor; reference and citation patterns compared to paradigmatic journals of the field; basic, clinical or applied nature of research. Their evolution was also studied. A different model of behaviour was observed in basic and clinical or applied journals.This research was partly financed by the project SEC97-1375 of the Spanish National R&D Plan.Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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