1,721,202 research outputs found
Confronting segregation: lessons from developmental community youth work practice in conflict societies
No full textThe world is becoming progressively more interdependent and at the same time increasingly economically and
socially divided. One consequence of the pervasive nature of global forces and their ‘unequal’ effects is a heightened sense
of dissatisfaction and insecurity; the results of which are often generated at the level of the community and individual. The
ensuing ‘feeling’ of uncertainty tends to be further intensified in communities either in or emerging from prolonged violent
conflict. In nation-states that are deemed not to be in ‘conflict’, internal ‘struggle’ and social division also occur as a consequence
of the rapid changes experienced at macro and micro levels. Increasingly countries such as the UK, Germany
and France have been experiencing heightened societal and communal segregation resulting in ‘spiralling’ violence against
the ‘other’. Consequent actions and/or reactions within both conflict and non-conflict civil societies are, at once, political
and communal and between those who wish to embrace, and those who wish to resist, the opportunity for diversity, inclusion
and democratization. Often in these situations it is young people who find themselves as the primary ‘victims’ caught in the
‘transitions’ between the past, the present and the possibilities of the future. Within these situations there remains an opportunity
to develop a sense of social involvement and empowerment. It is in such contexts where developmental community
youth work engages for the ‘hearts and mind’ of young people. Drawing on initiatives and experiences of working with
young people in conflict and post conflict environments, this paper examines some of the positive models of practice in relation
to community youth development towards promoting social cohesion and integration. As part of on-going empirical
research, the paper also explores aspects of such work that may be ‘transferable’ to young people and communal segregation
in those so called ‘non-conflict’ societies
‘Organic intellectuals’ as catalysts of change: working with young people in conflict and post conflict environments
No full textUsing the concept of ‘organic intellectual’, this paper explores the role of the indigenous community activist who
engages with young people who become involved, directly or indirectly in communal and political conflict. The research
also seeks to compare the skills, strategies and struggles utilised in this process between conflict and post conflict situations.
Given the ‘fluid’ nature of the notion of the ‘organic intellectual’ it will also explore the intra-communal ‘struggle’ between
‘organic intellectuals’ with differing and opposing ideological worldviews, for the ‘hearts and minds’ of young people who
find their communities in the forefront of conflict. The ‘organic intellectual’, being of and from the indigenous community
and with an understanding of that community’s ‘commonsense philosophy’, is in a unique postion to influence and ‘empower’
young people. Often in conflict situations, and due to the socio-political realities and experiences of their community, many
young people find themselves under communal pressure to enter into direct action and conflict or to resist such involvement.
Either way a decision of this nature carries with it far reaching sociological and psychological consequences for the young
individual and the community. The ideological position and subsequent role of the ‘organic intellectual’ is particularly
significant when communities are in the process of both ‘divergence’ i.e. moving towards conflict and ‘convergence’ i.e. in
the process of reconciliation and reconstruction. As ‘organic intellectuals’ they are in a position to motivate their respective
communities through their ability to understand and articulate the prevailing dominant ‘commonsense philosophy’ and
world view. As such they may also be ‘catalysts’ for change either as key mediators or antagonists in the ‘divergent’ or
‘convergent’ process. This paper, and on-going research, explores the struggles, strategies and skills of the ‘organic intellectual’
in working with young people to empower them to engage in democratic political processes
Youthwork in conflict societies: from divergence to convergence
No full textBased upon initial research in Northern Ireland and South Africa, this paper
examines the role of youthwork and youthworkers in conflict and post-conflict
situations. Using Antonio Gramsci’s concept of the “organic intellectual,” we
argue that the youthworker as an organic intellectual is in a unique position to
empower young people in the democratic political process. It is particularly critical
in situations when communities are in the process of both divergence, moving
towards conflict, and convergence, in the process of reconciliation and
reconstruction. Youthworkers of and from the indigenous community can be the
catalyst for understanding and expressing the common sense philosophy and
worldview of the respective communities. As such, they can be key mediators in
the divergent and convergent processes
2012 04 April Michael Morgan/Susan Wallace interview
No full textMichael Morgan and Susan Wallace, telephone interview by Kathryn Maxson and Robert Cook-Deegan, conducted from Durham, NC, 4 April 2012. Michael Morgan joined the Wellcome Trust in 1983 as a Program Manager for Molecular and Cell Biology. By 1996, he was the Director of Research Partnerships and Ventures at the Trust. A biologist by training and a strong proponent of rapid data release, Morgan planned the Bermuda meetings and was a chief figure both in the Wellcome Trust’s adoption of the Principles as policies, and the translation of the Principles into government policies outside the U.K. At the time of the 1996 Bermuda meeting, Susan Wallace was Administrator of the Americas office of the Human Genome Organization (HUGO) in Bethesda, one of three HUGO offices that then existed. (The other two were in London, HUGO Europe, and in Japan, HUGO Asia.) In this capacity, Wallace attended the first two HUGO meetings. This transcript is available beginning 1 July 2014. Keywords: Human Genome Project, HGP, interview, Bermuda Principles, Bermuda Accord, International Strategy Meetings on Human Genome Sequencing, data sharing, science policy, genomics, genome, genome sequence, genetics, DNA sequence, DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, NIH, National Institutes of Health, DOE, Department of Energy, Wellcome Trust, HUGO, HUGO Americas, HUGO Europe, HUGO Asia, Michael Morgan, Susan Wallace.This research was supported by the NHGRI-funded Duke Center for Public Genomics, P50 HG 003391, with supplementary funding from the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
Information Behaviors and Problem Chain Recognition Effect: Applying Situational Theory of Problem Solving in Organ Donation Issues
No full textIdentification of active subpopulations who are motivated to talk about, seek out, and select information about organ donation-related issues can improve health communicators' efficacy in increasing awareness of the shortage of organ and health donors. Using the Situational Theory of Problem Solving (STOPS), we segmented the general population into more meaningful subgroups (e.g., active, aware publics about an organ donation issue) and examined whether segmented public profiles could predict their likelihood of active information giving, taking, and selecting about donor shortage. We also tested whether those publics that are more active about the organ donation issue would recognize and be interested in other organ donation issues (e.g., shortage of bone marrow donors). Findings based on two survey data sets (N = 316 and N = 347) suggested that perceptual and motivation variables could predict the likelihood of information behaviors and further donation-related behavioral intentions. In addition, we found some evidence on the problem chain recognition effect-if one becomes active about an organ donation issue, she or he is likely to perceive similar or related issues as problematic. Based on the findings, we discuss the segmentation method and its utility for more strategic planning and practice of health campaigns
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Employee Ownership: Process and Consequences
No full textA model is developed that explicates the process through which employee ownership operates upon a set of employee attitudes and work-related behaviors. If legal ownership is operationalized such that it leads to experienced ownership, a psychological bonding (integration) of the employee-owner with the organization occurs. It is through this process that employee ownership exercises its influence upon employee attitudes, motivation, and behavior.Pierce, Jon L; Rubenfeld, Stephen A; Morgan, Susan. (1987). Employee Ownership: Process and Consequences. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/264653
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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