43,237 research outputs found
Isrogrogidda Falka Af-soomaaliga: Aragti ku aadan Midaynta Qoraalkiisa
No full textQoraagu wuxuu diraasad ku sameeyey sidii loo midayn lahaa af Soomaaliga qoraaal ahaan loo adeegsada. Gaar ahaan wuxuu diiradda saarayaa sidii loo midayn lahaa qaababka isrogrogga falalka oo haatan loo adeegsado siyaabo aan midaysanayn.In questo articolo, l'autore analizza e avanza una proposta relativamente alla standardizzazione del somalo scritto, in particolar modo delle forme di coniugazione dei verbi somali che attualmente non sono scritte in modo omogenea.In this article, the author analyzes and provides a proposal about the standardization of written Somali, in particular relating to verb conjugation forms whose orthography still differs today.Cabdirashid M. Ismaaciil, Cabdalla C. Mansuur, Saynab A. Sharci (eds.
Coastal Research and its Economic Justification
No full textProper and thorough planning of coastal engineering projects is discussed and the economie justification of research work indicated. Examples are given concerning navigational problems, coastal protection problems, and harbor sediment problems.KWP-collectio
Population prevalence, incidence, and predictors of atrial fibrillation in the Renfrew/Paisley study
No full text<b>OBJECTIVES</b> Though atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity, there are few large epidemiological studies of its prevalence, incidence, and risk factors. The epidemiological features of AF are described in one of the largest population cohorts ever studied.
<b>METHODS</b> The prevalence and incidence of AF were studied in the Renfrew/Paisley population cohort of 15 406 men and women aged 45-64 years living in the west of Scotland. This cohort was initially screened between 1972 and 1976 and again between 1977 and 1979. Incident hospitalisations with AF in the 20 year period following initial screening were also studied.
<b>RESULTS</b> The population prevalence of AF in this cohort was 6.5 cases/1000 examinations. Prevalence was higher in men and older subjects. In those who were rescreened, the four year incidence of AF was 0.54 cases/1000 person years. Radiological cardiomegaly was the most powerful predictor of new AF (adjusted odds ratio 14.0). During 20 year follow up, 3.5% of this cohort was discharged from hospital with a diagnosis of AF; the rate of incident hospitalisation for AF was 1.9 cases/1000 person years. Radiological cardiomegaly (adjusted odds ratio 1.46) and systolic blood pressure (adjusted odds ratio 2.1 for ≥ 169 mm Hg) were independent predictors of this outcome.
<b>CONCLUSIONS</b> Data from one of the largest epidemiological studies ever undertaken confirm that AF has a large population prevalence and incidence, even in middle aged people. More important, it was shown that the long term incidence of hospitalisation related to AF is high and that two simple clinical measurements are highly predictive of incident AF. These findings have important implications for the prevention of AF
The Role of Historical Context in Understanding Past Climate, Pollution and Health Data in Trans-disciplinary Studies: Reply to Comments on More et al., 2017
No full textUnderstanding the context from which evidence emerges is of paramount importance in reaching robust conclusions in scientific inquiries. This is as true of the present as it is of the past. In a trans-disciplinary study such as More et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GH000064) and many others appearing in this and similar journals, a proper analysis of context demands the use of historical evidence. This includes demographic, epidemiological, and socio-economic data—common in many studies of the impact of anthropogenic pollution on human health—and, as in this specific case, also geoarchaeological evidence. These records anchor climate and pollution data in the geographic and human circumstances of history, without which we lose a fundamental understanding of the data itself. This article addresses Hinkley (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2018GH000105) by highlighting the importance of context, focusing on the historical and archaeological evidence, and then discussing atmospheric deposition and circulation in the specific region of our study. Since many of the assertions in Bindler (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2018GH000135) are congruent with our findings and directly contradict Hinkley (2018), this reply refers to Bindler (2018), whenever appropriate, and indicates where our evidence diverges
Clinical predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence in the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico-Atrial Fibrillation (GISSI-AF) trial
No full textBackground - Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia that frequently recurs after restoration of sinus rhythm (SR). Identifying risk factors for recurrence may help define the best strategy for secondary prevention. Methods - The GISSI-AF trial enrolled 1,442 patients in SR with at least 2 documented AF episodes in the previous 6 months or after cardioversion in the last 2 weeks. Patients were randomized to valsartan or placebo; all other treatments for AF or underlying heart diseases were allowed. Primary end points were time to first recurrence of AF and proportion of patients with >1 AF episode during 1-year follow-up. We evaluated clinical and electrocardiographic baseline characteristics of all patients to identify independent predictors for AF recurrence using a Cox multivariable model. Results - Risk factors for AF recurrence were a history of 2 or more AF episodes in the previous 6 months, independent of the modality of SR restoration, spontaneous (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.14-1.77, P = .002), or by cardioversion (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.01-1.40, P = .038), and a lower heart rate during SR (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.99-1.00, P = .052). The risk factors were the same for > 1 AF recurrence. Patients treated with amiodarone had a lower risk for both end points (P < .0001 and P = .017), whereas those on diuretics had a greater risk (P = .009 and P = .003). Conclusions - In the GISSI-AF study population, AF history had significant prognostic value independent of the modality of SR restoration. Amiodarone and diuretic treatment affected the rate of AF recurrence
Validating the predictive ability of the 2MACE score for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation: results from phase II/III of the GLORIA-AF registry
No full textThe 2MACE score was specifically developed as a risk-stratification tool in atrial fibrillation (AF) to predict cardiovascular outcomes. We evaluated the predictive ability of the 2MACE score in the GLORIA-AF registry. All eligible patients from phase II/III of the prospective global GLORIA-AF registry were included. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were defined as the composite outcome of stroke, myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. Cox proportional hazards were used to examine the relationship between the 2MACE score and study outcomes. Predictive capability of the 2MACE score was investigated using receiver-operating characteristic curves. A total of 25,696 patients were included (mean age 71 years, female 44.9%). Over 3 years, 1583 MACEs were recorded. Patients who had MACE were older, with more cardiovascular risk factors and were less likely to be managed using a rhythm-control strategy. The median 2MACE score in the MACE and non-MACE groups were 2 (IQR 1–3) and 1 (IQR 0–2), respectively (p < 0.001). The 2MACE score was positively associated with an increase in the risk of MACE, with a score of ≥ 2 providing the best combination of sensitivity (69.6%) and specificity (51.6%), HR 2.47 (95% CI, 2.21–2.77). The 2MACE score had modest predictive performance for MACE in patients with AF (AUC 0.655 (95% CI, 0.641–0.669)). Our analysis in this prospective global registry demonstrates that the 2MACE score can adequately predict the risk of MACE (defined as myocardial infarction, CV death and stroke) in patients with AF. Clinical trial registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifiers: NCT01468701, NCT01671007 and NCT0193737
Midaynta iyo Horumarinta Af-soomaaliga
No full textQoraagu wuxuu maqaalkan ku falanqaynayaa arrimo ku saabsan midaynta af Soomaaliga qoran, oo dadka qaarkood ay ku doodaan in ay dhibaato ka taagantahay, iyagoo u aanaynaya kala duwanaanta lahjadaha Soomaaliyeed iyo farta af Soomaaliga oo aan xasillayn. Qoraha oo soo bandhigayaa in arrimahaasu aanu sax ahayn, wuxuuna muujinayaa caqabadaha dhabta ah ee hortaagan houmarinta af Soomaaliga: afku wuxuu la'yahay dawlad si rasmi ah u adeegsato, weerar ba'anna waxaa ku haya af Ingiriisiga, xagga ereyadana nabaadguur xooggan ayaa ku dhacaya, gaar ahaan ereyada la xiriira dhaqanka Soomaaliyeed.L'autore, in questo articolo, analizzando la questione della lingua somala scritta, cerca di illustrare che la situazione del somalo standard non è cosi problematica come a detta di alcuni somali, specialmente, nell'ortografia e nella differenza tra i dialetti, ma il problema somalo è bensì riscontrabile in altri fattori: la mancanza di un stato che continui ad adottare il somalo come lingua ufficiale, l'estinzione di tantissimi vocaboli in disuso, nonché la forte influenza dalla lingua inglese.The author in this article, in analysing the written somali language, wants to show the somali standard situation is not so bad, like some Somalis say, especially in orthography and in vernaculars difference. In spite of, the somali language problem is recognisable in some others factors: lack of state that usually chooses somali language as official language, extinction of many terms in disuse and also the strong influence of English.Cabdirashid M. Ismaaciil, Cabdalla C. Mansuur, Saynab A. Sharci (eds.
Analysis of Outcomes in Ischemic vs Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report From the GARFIELD-AF Registry
No full textImportance: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is commonly associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and their combination may affect treatment strategies and outcomes. Objective: To assess the treatment strategies and 1-year clinical outcomes of antithrombotic and CHF therapies for patients with newly diagnosed AF with concomitant CHF stratified by etiology (ischemic cardiomyopathy [ICM] vs nonischemic cardiomyopathy [NICM]). Design, Setting, and Participants: The GARFIELD-AF registry is a prospective, noninterventional registry. A total of 52014 patients with AF were enrolled between March 2010 and August 2016. A total of 11738 patients 18 years and older with newly diagnosed AF (</=6 weeks' duration) and at least 1 investigator-determined stroke risk factor were included. Data were analyzed from December 2017 to September 2018. Exposures: One-year follow-up rates of death, stroke/systemic embolism, and major bleeding were assessed. Main Outcomes and Measures: Event rates per 100 person-years were estimated from the Poisson model and Cox hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The median age of the population was 71.0 years, 22987 of 52013 were women (44.2%) and 31958 of 52014 were white (61.4%). Of 11738 patients with CHF, 4717 (40.2%) had ICM and 7021 (59.8%) had NICM. Prescription of oral anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs was not balanced between groups. Oral anticoagulants with or without antiplatelet drugs were used in 2753 patients with ICM (60.1%) and 5082 patients with NICM (73.7%). Antiplatelets were prescribed alone in 1576 patients with ICM (34.4%) and 1071 patients with NICM (15.5%). Compared with patients with NICM, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (72.6% [3439] vs 60.3% [4236]) and of beta blockers (63.3% [2988] vs 53.2% [3737]) was higher in patients with ICM. Rates of all-cause and cardiovascular death per 100 patient-years were significantly higher in the ICM group (all-cause death: ICM, 10.2; 95% CI, 9.2-11.1; NICM, 7.0; 95% CI, 6.4-7.6; cardiovascular death: ICM, 5.1; 95% CI, 4.5-5.9; NICM, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.5-3.4). Stroke/systemic embolism rates tended to be higher in ICM groups compared with NICM groups (ICM, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.6-2.5; NICM, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9). Major bleeding rates were significantly higher in the ICM group (1.1; 95% CI, 0.8-1.4) compared with the NICM group (0.7; 95% CI, 0.5-0.9). Conclusions and Relevance: Patients with ICM received oral anticoagulants with or without antiplatelet drugs less frequently and antiplatelets alone more frequently than patients with NICM, but they received angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers more often than patients with NICM. All-cause and cardiovascular death rates were higher in patients with ICM than patients with NICM. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01090362
Om inloppet ifrån Östersjön : till SöderTelje eller Egelsta wiken
No full textAuthor: Nathanael Gerhard af Schultén.Dated: "Carlberg den 12 Januari 1806."Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, MikkeliA description of the Baltic Sea.TravelEuropeanaSchultén, Nathanael Gerhard af (1750-1825
Dwing als gebiedsontwikkelaar een duidelijke opdracht af
No full textTerwijl de context waarin gebiedsontwikkelaars werken alleen maar complexer wordt, ziet Co Verdaas, hoogleraar gebiedsontwikkeling, een aanhoudende neiging om keuzes vooruit te schuiven of te verhullen. Hij geeft zes tips om gebiedsontwikkelaars in hun kracht te zetten. “Zonder escalatie geen resultaat zou het devies moeten zijn.”Practice Chair Urban Area Developmen
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