1,720,983 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Examining the relationship between menstrual cycle phase with metabolic control and adipose tissue microRNA expression
Full text linkThe menstrual cycle is a fundamental biological rhythm governing physiology in females of a reproductive age. Regulated across an approximately 4-weekly duration, the menstrual cycle is characterised by cyclical fluctuations in ovarian hormones (estradiol, progesterone and testosterone) and pituitary hormones (luteinizing hormone sand follicle stimulating hormone). Ovarian hormones are metabolically active and exert key regulatory roles in metabolic control. Correspondingly, a variety of metabolic parameters undergo cyclical rhythmicity across the menstrual cycle, in association with the ovarian hormone milieu. However, female physiology is under-researched. Our understanding of variation in metabolic control across the menstrual cycle and the associated molecular mechanisms remains limited. Gaining a full understanding of how metabolic control varies across the menstrual cycle is crucial for the diagnoses, treatment and prevention of metabolic disease in females. Thus, the overall aim of this thesis is to examine cyclical variation in insulin resistance and associated metabolites across the menstrual cycle. Additionally, to examine the role of inflammatory markers and miRNAs as potential molecular mechanisms underpinning variation in metabolic control across the menstrual cycle.
Chapter 2 of this thesis demonstrates that rhythmic variation in insulin sensitivity, insulin, glucose and triglyceride are mediated by body mass index, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. Chapter 3 extended on these findings to identify indices of body composition, fitness and physical activity levels are key modifiable risk factors mediating the variation in glucose, triglyceride, insulin sensitivity and cholesterol profiles across the menstrual cycle. Additionally, inflammatory markers varied across the menstrual cycle and associate with metabolite concentration, thereby identifying a potential mechanism which may underpin variation in metabolic control across the menstrual cycle.
To gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning observed rhythmicity in metabolic control across the menstrual cycle, Chapter 4 examines the effect of the menstrual cycle on adipose tissue microRNA expression. This determined that miR-495-5p was differentially expressed across menstrual cycle phases and miR-30c-5p was negatively associated with testosterone. Adipose tissue miRNAs with the strongest tendency for differential expression between menstrual cycle phases shared common targets related to insulin signalling pathways. Overall, this thesis contributes novel data characterising variation in metabolic control across the menstrual cycle. Finally, it identifies inflammation and miRNA expression as potential molecular mechanisms driving observed variation in metabolic control
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The impact of N-3 pufa ingestion on metabolic, molecular and epigenetic responses to a short-term high-fat diet
Full text linkObesity is widely considered a primary risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, less is known about the early adaptive responses to short-term periods of high-fat energy excess (HFEE). Previous reports detailing whole-body adaptation to fat and energy oversupply are equivocal, perhaps, in part, owing to use of different experimental protocols, varying durations of dietary manipulation and participant cohorts with individuals of varying characteristics.
In addition to use of different dietary protocols between studies, alterations in functional end-point measures due to the type of dietary fat consumed warrants consideration. Daily n-3 PUFA intake, commonly obtained from pelagic fish oil (FO) consumption, has been shown to positively associate with insulin sensitivity in epidemiological studies and thus may be a useful dietary strategy for slowing insulin resistance development.
Chapter 2 of this thesis extends previous literature by demonstrating that 6 d HFEE (150 % habitual energy intake; 60 % of energy from fat) does not clearly alter whole- body insulin sensitivity, irrespective of FO consumption. However, investigation of metabolism at the tissue level, as presented in Chapter 3 of this thesis, offers insight into a potential tissue-specific level of regulation that precedes whole-body regulation. Skeletal muscle insulin signalling protein (e.g. protein kinase B (PKB)) activity, levels of certain ceramide species, and AMPK α2 activity were altered following HFEE and may explain the early maladaptive responses to short-term HFEE. Moreover, FO intake as 10 % of total fats mediated some of these molecular
Sophie Wardle: Ph.D. Thesis ii
responses, including PKB and AMPK α2 activity, reflecting possible functional effects of FO at the subcellular level.
Regulation of these metabolic / molecular responses at both the tissue and whole- body level can be explained, in part, by genetic predisposition, environmental influence and more recently epigenetics, including microRNAs (miRNAs). In Chapter 4, we characterised the plasma and skeletal muscle miRNA responses to HFEE and oral glucose ingestion. We demonstrate transient changes in levels of certain miRNAs following oral glucose ingestion in both tissue types and in response to HFEE in skeletal muscle. However, no significant correlations between basal plasma and skeletal muscle miRNA levels were observed, suggesting that our candidate plasma miRNAs may be co-ordinating functional changes in other tissue types. Plasma miR- 145-5p and skeletal muscle miR-204-5p predicted a significant proportion of the variance in mean whole-body insulin sensitivity change in response to HFEE. These data indicate that these miRNAs may be useful biomarkers of insulin resistance development following HFEE.
A constraint of this thesis is that all conclusions are made within the context of statistically unaltered insulin sensitivity. Therefore, future investigations of diet- induced maladaptation should consider establishing a time course of insulin resistance development in response to HFEE, or use different study populations. Populations that are more susceptible to T2D development, e.g., overweight, sedentary individuals would be of particular interest. These data would aid development of a working model of diet-induced insulin resistance that has more direct application to T2D progression and extends the data presented herein
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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