1,720,981 research outputs found
Robot-Assisted Pancreatic Surgery: Safety and Feasibility.
No full textThe recent advent of robotic surgery has changed the surgical perspective in operating theatres worldwide. The main innovation is that a computer-based interface, located between patient and surgeon, is able to improve his/her dexterity. The goal of robotic surgery is, therefore, to reduce intraoperative complications, overcome some limits of pure laparoscopy, and, definitively, reduce the postoperative impact of surgery on the patients. A shorter hospital stay is expected to reduce the interval between access to adjuvant therapies when dealing with oncologic diseases, leading to a potential survival increase. Nevertheless, the broad clinical application of robotics to pancreatic surgery has many peculiarities. The intrinsic difficulties of this kind of surgery, the lack of specific expertise (pancreatic surgery and robotic skills), together with the need for regional centralization are the major drawbacks. However, robotic surgery has been demonstrated to be safe and feasible in pancreaticoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy (with or without spleen preservation), enucleation, and atypical resections
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Safety of Laparoscopic Cholecistectomy performed by Residents
No full textIntroduction: Laparoscopic cholecistectomy is becoming
widely performed by Italian surgical residents, but specific outcomes
have been poorly investigated, as compared to those carried out by
experienced surgeons.
Methods: Data from 188 consecutive, unselected patients who
underwent LC performed by residents between 2000 and 2006 at our
institution were collected. An equal number of LC performed over the
same period by experienced surgeons were randomly extracted from
the database. Demographics, periopeoperative parameters and complications
were matched among the two groups.
Results: Age, gender, ASA score, length of stay, proportion of
urgent operation and cholecystitis were all well matched in the two
groups. No major complications were collected in both series. The
number of IOC, rendez-vous, drainages, and minor complications
were also equal. Nevertheless, the overall conversion rate and the
mean difficulty score (0–20) were lower among residents (1 vs. 5%,
p 0.03 and 6.65 vs. 7.32, p 0.04 respectively). On the other hand,
the mean duration of surgery was significantly longer in the residents
group (71 vs. 62 minutes, p 0.000).
Discussion: Italian residents have fewer possibilities to gain
sufficient skills at the end of their residentship, as compared to their
foreign colleagues due to social, cultural, political and academic troubles.
However, LC is a safe and common procedure even in the hands
of Italian trainees, although patients’ selection is strictly required. In
fact, tthis study found that residents performed less complex operations
in more time, as compared to senior surgeons
Chronic hidradenitis suppurativa in the inguinal, perineal and scrotal regions. A case report and review of the literature
No full textAbstract Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, debilitating disease that presents with inflamed lesions in the apocrine glands of the body. The most common locations are the axillary, inguinal and anogenital areas. Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused primarily by follicular occlusion with secondary involvement of the apocrine glands. The authors report a case of 47-old-man with an 18-year history of multiple sclerosis complicated by spastic paraparesis, who presented with hidradenitis suppurativa in the inguinal, perineal, and scrotal areas which was treated by wide surgical excision. A review of the most recent literature is include
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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