274 research outputs found
Web-Based Library Information System at Private High School PAB 8 Saentis
No full text56 HalamanPengelolaan perpustakaan SMA Swasta PAB 8 saentis saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual seperti dalam pencatatan buku , data anggota data peminjaman dan pengembaliannya yang masih di catat dalam buku besar sehingga mempengaruhi dalam proses pelayanan terhadap siswa menjadi lama. Melalui laporan kerja praktek ini penulis mengusulkan untuk dilakukan perancangan sistem informasi perpustakaan berbasis web dengna elalui beberapa tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, analisis, perancangan sistem, perancangan database, perancangan interface, implementasi dan uji coba. The management of the PAB 8 Saentis Private High School library is currently still done manually, such as in book recording, data on borrowing and returning data members which are still recorded in the ledger so that it affects the service process to students to be long. Through this practical work report, the author proposes to design a web-based library information system through several stages, namely data collection, analysis, system design, database design, interface design, implementation and testing
Comparison of Particle-Associated Bacteria from a Drinking Water Treatment Plant and Distribution Reservoirs with Different Water Sources
No full textThis study assessed the characteristics of and changes in the suspended particles and the associated bacteria in an unchlorinated drinking water distribution system and its reservoirs with different water sources. The results show that particle-associated bacteria (PAB) were present at a level of 0.8–4.5?×?103 cells ml?1 with a biological activity of 0.01–0.04?ng l?1 ATP. Different PAB communities in the waters produced from different sources were revealed by a 16S rRNA-based pyrosequencing analysis. The quantified biomass underestimation due to the multiple cells attached per particle was???85%. The distribution of the biologically stable water increased the number of cells per particle (from 48 to 90) but had minor effects on the PAB community. Significant changes were observed at the mixing reservoir. Our results show the characteristics of and changes in suspended PAB during distribution, and highlight the significance of suspended PAB in the distribution system, because suspended PAB can lead to a considerable underestimation of biomass, and because they exist as biofilm, which has a greater mobility than pipe-wall biofilm and therefore presents a greater risk, given the higher probability that it will reach the customers’ taps and be ingested.Water ManagementCivil Engineering and Geoscience
A feasibility study of anticorrosion applications of modified hydrotalcites in reinforced concrete
No full textA carbonate form of Mg-Al-hydrotalcite with Mg/Al =2 and its p-aminobenzoate (pAB) modified derivative were synthesized and characterized by means of XRD, IR and TG/DSC. Mg(2)Al-CO3 was prepared by a coprecipitation method and was subsequently modified by pAB through the calcination-rehydration technique. The results from the relevant characterizations combined with total organic carbon (TOC) analysis further confirmed that pAB anions were successfully intercalated into the interlayer space of the hydrotalcite. The anticorrosion behavior of Mg(2)Al-pAB was evaluated on the basis of open circuit potential (OCP) monitoring of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore solution at pH 13 contaminated with chloride. The preliminary results from this study demonstrated that ion-exchange indeed occurred between free chloride ions in simulated concrete pore solution and the intercalated pAB anions in Mg(2)Al-pAB structure. The simultaneously released pAB anions were found to exhibit the envisaged inhibiting effect and cause a shift of corrosion initiation of the steel to higher chloride concentrations than without the modified hydrotalcite.Structural EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Modified hydrotalcites as chloride scavengers and inhibitor release agents for improved corrosion protection of reinforced concrete
No full textOwing to the unique molecular structure and high ion exchange capacity, hydrotalcites are believed to have a potential to be modified and tailor-made as an active corrosion protective component of reinforced concrete. In this paper, two types of modified hydrotalcites (MHT-pAB and MHT-NO2) were tested both in alkaline solution and mortar for their possibilities as chloride scavengers and inhibitor release agents for application in concrete. The test in alkaline solution showed that ion exchange occurred between free chloride ions in solution and the intercalated inhibitive anions in the MHTs. The results in mortar validated that MHTs could be promising alternatives for preventing chloride-induced corrosion when an appropriate dosage is adopted and applied in a proper way, in particular, either incorporation of a certain amount (MHT-pAB to replace 5% weight of cement) in the bulk mortar or as a coating of the reinforcing steel (MHT-pAB or MHT-NO2 at 20% weight of cement).Materials and Environment(OLD) MSE-
Use of Modified Hydrotalcites (MHTs) as a New Type of Smart Additive of Reinforced Concrete for Improved Corrosion Protection: An Electrochemical Performance Assessment in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution
No full textMHTs (MHT-p, MHT-N) represented superior corrosion inhibition effect against chloride induced pitting corrosion in simulated concrete pore solution when compared with the pure inhibitors (pAB, NaNO2). Among them, MHT-p exhibited a better improvement of inhibition effect than MHT-N. This result is probably caused by the bigger ion exchange capacity between pAB ion and chloride ion in MHT-p. MHT-p was almost as effective as NaNO2.electrochemical and corrosionMaterials Science & EngineeringMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin
Characterization of microbial inactivation using plasma activated water and plasma activated buffer
No full textPlasma activated water (PAW) has been shown to be a promising surface decontamination technique. Antimicrobial effects of PAW have been attributed to reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, which act as oxidizing agents and also contribute to the acidifying effect, causing the pH of water to drop. To isolate the effect of low pH on microbial inactivation, a buffer with the same pH (3.1) as that of PAW was evaluated. Plasma Activated Buffer (PAB) was generated to study the interactive effects of low pH and plasma activated species. Previously, substrate properties (roughness) have been shown to affect the antimicrobial efficacy of plasma. The objectives of this research were: (1) To isolate the effect of pH in PAW using a buffer solution, (2) Characterize plasma, PAW, and PAB, and (3) To evaluate the effect of surface roughness on microbial inactivation using PAW and PAB. PAW and PAB were generated by exposing sterilized distilled water and citrate-phosphate buffer (pH = 3.1), respectively, to atmospheric pressure air plasma jet. Efficacy of distilled water, PAW, buffer, and PAB for inactivation of Enterobacter aerogenes was evaluated in a planktonic system, and for different surfaces with increasing roughness. Surface roughness (Pq) values for four sample surfaces (glass slide, grape tomatoes, limes, spiny gourd) were obtained using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) was used to obtain an emission spectra for plasma. Electrical conductivity and Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) were measured for PAW and PAB. In the planktonic system for treatment time of 10 min, a (1.92 ± 0.70) log CFU/ml reduction using PAW (pH = 3.1) was achieved, however, no reduction was observed using only the buffer at the same pH. This confirmed that the inactivation was due to the reactive species in PAW, and not due to the low pH. A (5.11 ± 0.63) log CFU/ml reduction was observed using PAB in the same system, suggesting interactive effects of plasma generated species and low pH in the buffer system. In studies with glass slide, grape tomatoes, limes, and spiny gourd, it was found that as the surface roughness (Pq) value increased, the inactivation due to PAB treatment decreased. Highest reduction of (6.32 ± 0.43) log CFU/surface was achieved for glass slide (Pq = 0.28 ± 0.02 μm), followed by (5.31 ± 0.14) log CFU/surface for grape tomatoes (Pq = 5.17 ± 0.53 μm), and (3.80 ± 0.63) log CFU/surface for limes (Pq = 18.76 ± 3.00 μm). The least reduction of (2.52 ± 0.46) log CFU/surface was observed for spiny gourd, which had the highest roughness (Pq = 101.50 ± 10.95 μm). For PAW treatment, lower inactivation for each surface was observed. Moreover, no significant difference in microbial inactivation between the samples of different roughness values, was observed when treated with PAW. The ORP and electrical conductivity values of PAW and PAB showed a positive correlation with microbial inactivation in the planktonic system. Thus, PAW and PAB can potentially be used for fresh produce decontamination. However, further research is needed to confirm the suitability of PAW as an industrial sanitizer. In addition, the effectiveness of plasma activated organic acids also should be explored.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Isha Josh
Compactação do solo na cultura do arroz de terras altas
No full textA greenhouse experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the effects of soil compaction on two upland rice genotypes grown in a Dark Red Latosol with loam texture, having densities of 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7 g cm-3. Soil density values were created artificially at 0-20 cm soil depth using plastic tubes of 24.4 cm of diameter. Soil water potential was maintained at -0.035 MPa. Treatment effects were evaluated 40 days after seedling emergence using the shoot dry weight and the root system as parameters. Results obtained for both cultivars indicated that shoot growth was decreased by increasing soil density beyond 1.2 g cm-3 and also that root thickness increased with increasing soil density. Additionally, superficial soil compaction reduced the amount of roots present at 0-20 cm soil depth as well as at 20-40 cm.A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da compactação do solo sobre duas cultivares de arroz de terras altas. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, utilizando um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro, de textura franca, com densidades do solo de 1,2, 1,3, 1,4, 1,5, 1,6 e 1,7 g cm-3. Estas densidades foram produzidas artificialmente, na camada de 0-20 cm de profundidade, em colunas de solo com 24,4 cm de diâmetro. O solo foi mantido em potencial da água superior a -0,035 MPa. O comportamento do arroz foi avaliado aos 40 dias após a emergência, por meio de parâmetros da parte aérea e radicular da planta. O crescimento da parte aérea do arroz de terras altas diminui com o aumento da densidade do solo a partir de 1,2 g cm-3; as raízes na camada compactada de 0-20 cm de profundidade apresentam engrossamento, em razão do aumento da densidade do solo; e a compactação superficial do solo diminui a quantidade de raízes presentes nesta camada e na camada inferior não-compactada de 20-40 cm de profundidade
Influência das épocas de plantio na cultura do sorgo granífero em solo de cerrado
No full textThe influence of planting date on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) tillage was assessed at EMBRAPA/Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Milho e Sorgo (CNPMS) in the cerrado (savana) region of Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil, over a three-year period (1976-1979). The planting season began in the first October fortnight and proceeded bi-weekly through eight fortnights. Daily meteorological and phenological observations at emergence, bloom stage and physiological maturity stage were done. Period between October 19 and November 16 showed to be the most adequate for grain sorghum planting. Early planting at the beginning of the rainy season (7/Oct.) experienced moisture stress caused by a short ten to fifteen-day drought period (“veranico”) which caused damages to the germination and development of sorghum. For the five hybrids, the plantings done from December on showed a decrease in productivity, caused mainly by soil moisture stress during the blooming period.Estudou-se a influência das épocas de semeadura sobre o desenvolvimento e a produção de grãos de cinco cultivares de sorgo granífero (Sorghum bicolor), no Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Milho e Sorgo, em Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, num período de três anos. Foram testados cinco genótipos: NK 233, Dekalb E 57A, Dekalb BR 64, Pioneer B 815 e AG 1002, em oito diferentes datas de plantio. O plantio foi iniciado na primeira quinzena de outubro, espaçado de quinze em quinze dias, em número de oito quinzenas. Fizeram-se observações meteorológicas diárias e fenológicas das principais fases da cultura: emergência, floração e maturação. O período compreendido entre 19 de outubro e 16 de novembro mostrou-se mais adequado ao plantio de sorgo granífero. A produção de grãos de primeira época de plantio (7/10) esteve sujeita a decréscimos de produção em virtude da ocorrência de estresse de umidade, decorrente da ocorrência de veranico na fase inicial de implantação da cultura. Para os cinco híbridos, os plantios efetuados a partir de primeiro de dezembro apresentaram acentuada redução de produtividade, principalmente por causa da baixa disponibilidade de água no solo no período floração a grão leitoso
[[alternative]]A study on game tree search
No full text[[abstract]]對局樹搜尋是人工智慧研究中之一重要領域。本研究提出若干空步策略來加強對局樹
搜尋的效率，這些方法包括單一空步(Single Null Move)、連續空步(Sequential
Null Moves)、 混合空步(Mixed Null Moves)、以及空值誤差法(Null-Value Error)
。經實驗發現，以空值誤差法可改善七層對局樹的搜尋速度達11.8% 。同時，對更深
的搜尋，有更顯著改善的趨勢。本研究建立考慮產生節點數、搜尋節點數、和由審局
函數評估的節點數之效率評量模式，根據此模式發展出一加速方程式，藉此說明對局
樹搜尋之局部加速對整體效率的影響。此外，以真實的對局樹實驗比較Alpha-Beta
、Aspiration、PVS、PAB、Scout、Iterative Deepening等對局樹搜尋方法，發現無
論是否使用Iterative Deepening，PAB皆優於PVS ，而且，二者效率之差距隨搜尋深
度之遞增而加大，此項結果與早先以模擬樹實驗之研究結果不同。另外，由實驗資料
顯示Iterative Deepening 可增強PVS、PAB及Scout之效率，但是無法改善
Alpha-Beta和Aspiration的搜尋速度。
Parâmetros fisiológicos para selecionar genótipos de arroz quanto à tolerância ao deficit hídrico
No full textThe objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using physiological parameters for water deficit tolerance, as an auxiliary method for selection of upland rice genotypes. Two experiments – with or without water deficit – were carried out in Porangatu, in the state of Goiás, Brazil; the water deficit experiment received about half of irrigation that was applied to the well‑watered experiment. Four genotypes with different tolerance levels to water stress were evaluated. The UPLRI 7, B6144F‑MR‑6‑0‑0, and IR80312‑6‑B‑3‑2‑B genotypes, under water stress conditions, during the day, showed lower stomatal diffusive resistance, higher leaf water potential, and lower leaf temperature than the control. These genotypes showed the highest grain yields under water stress conditions, which were 534, 601, and 636 kg ha-1, respectively, and did not differ significantly among them. They also showed lower drought susceptibility index than the other genotypes. \u27BRS Soberana\u27 (susceptible control) was totally unproductive under drought conditions. Leaf temperature is a easy‑read parameter correlated to plant‑water status, viable for selecting rice genotypes for water deficit tolerance.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a possibilidade de uso de parâmetros fisiológicos de tolerância à deficiência hídrica como método auxiliar na seleção de genótipos de arroz de terras altas. Dois experimentos – um com e outro sem deficit hídrico – foram realizados em Porangatu, GO; o com deficit hídrico recebeu cerca da metade da irrigação que foi aplicada ao tratamento bem irrigado. Avaliaram-se quatro genótipos com diferentes níveis de tolerância ao estresse hídrico. Os genótipos UPLRI 7, B6144F‑MR‑6‑0‑0 e IR80312‑6‑B‑3‑2‑B, em condições de estresse hídrico ao longo do dia, apresentaram menor resistência difusiva estomática, maior potencial de água nas folhas e menor temperatura das folhas do que a testemunha. Esses genótipos apresentaram as maiores produtividades em condições de deficiência hídrica, que foram respectivamente 534, 601 e 636 kg ha-1, e não diferiram significativamente entre si. Eles também apresentaram menores índices de susceptibilidade à seca do que os outros genótipos. \u27BRS Soberana\u27 (testemunha suscetível) foi totalmente improdutiva em condições de deficiência hídrica. A temperatura das folhas é um parâmetro de fácil leitura correlacionado à condição hídrica da planta, viável para selecionar genótipos de arroz quanto à tolerância ao deficit hídrico
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