1,720,963 research outputs found
cIAP1 may be involved in survival of the olfactory system
No full textMaintenance of neurons is regulated by various factors from in the molecular manner to the systemic manner. And external and internal environmental cues also modulate the maintenance of neurons. In this process, neurons are exposed to the stimuli and can easily get stressed, and which leads to neuronal death and impairs to establishment of their connections and activities. As a representative sensory system, the peripheral olfactory system is directly exposed to the environment to detect the external stimuli. Volatile molecules or natural gas in the air are detected by the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in the olfactory epithelium (OE), and the OSNs are connected to the central nervous system (CNS) via the olfactory bulb (OB). Constant exposure to external stimuli may cause damages to the OSNs, and which in turn afflicts to acute or chronic diseases like olfactory impairment, chronic rhinitis, etc. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) interact with caspases and inhibit apoptosis. In particular, cIAP1 is one of the regulators of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of B cells) activation and TNF (tumor necrosis factor) signals, which is crucial for inflammatory responses. Although there were several studies related to the cell death of the olfactory system caused by external stimuli, the mechanisms and the role of cIAP1 in the olfactory system has not been fully understood. To this end, cIAP1 KO mice were studied to identify the critical roles of cIAP1 in the olfactory system. Behavioral assay demonstrated that cIAP1 deprivation caused smell dysfunction. Moreover, the numbers of OSNs in the OE was decreased and the thickness of the OE was observed thinner compared to WT animals. In summary, cIAP1 may play important roles for OSN survival.1
Essential oil fragrances positively affect menopausal depressive and anxiety symptoms: An EEG study for mid-life women
No full textPerimenopausal women used to suffer from psychological menopausal symptoms such as mood fluctuation, anxiety, depressive symptoms. In order to check whether fragrances alleviate these psychological menopausal symptoms, we examined the menopausal symptom-dependent brain signals.
Twenty-eight perimenopausal women (age: 43–56) participated in this study. We did EEG recording in six odor conditions. We examined the effects of essential oil fragrances including lavender (L), olibanum (O), palmarosa (P) and couple of custom mixtures named olibanum29 (O29) and palmarosa12 (P12). As a control, no odorant condition (dipropylene glycol (DPG) solvent only) was applied.
We found that these fragrances could ameliorate brain responses of severe symptoms toward brain responses of light symptoms. Under no odorant condition, we could observe different brain response depend on menopausal symptoms severity (KI score) when negative emotion was evoked. The severity of symptoms showed a significantly negative correlation with alpha power (r = −0.41) and significantly positive correlation with beta/alpha ratio (r = 0.39) which is widely used as an arousal index. These EEG characteristics showed only in psychological symptoms category: depressive symptoms, anxiety, not in physiological symptoms. On the other hands, these significant correlations were disappeared with fragrance treatments. That is, fragrance treatments sufficiently modulate alpha power and beta/alpha ratio of severe symptoms until vanishing significant correlations.
Our study showed acute fragrance effects depend on KI score using EEG analysis. It helps us to understand brain signals while fragrances alleviate psychological menopause symptoms. In addition, we could compare numerous fragrances under the same condition for industrial applications. In summary, our study may contribute to well-being life for perimenopausal women by fragrance stimulation to alleviate psychological menopause symptoms.1
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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