1,720,976 research outputs found
NeARhead: ideazione e sviluppo di un software di realtà aumentata a supporto della chirurgia cranica d'urgenza
No full textL’avvento della cosiddetta “rivoluzione digitale” ha drasticamente cambiato le nostre vite e le nostre abitudini in pressoché ogni aspetto.
L’ambito medico e neurochirurgico in particolare non è stato escluso, anzi, l’implementazione, negli ultimi anni, di tali tecnologie, unite con le conquiste nei campi inerenti le intelligenze artificiali, così come nelle tecnologie di realtà aumentata e mista (AR/MR), hanno aperto scenari impensabili fino a non molto tempo fa e promettono ulteriori sovvertimenti negli anni a venire.
Sebbene esistano già studi pubblicati in Letteratura circa le applicazioni di AR/VR in Neurochirurgia, l’uso delle stesse in maniera estesa nella pratica clinica è ancora piuttosto lontano e questo per diversi motivi: in prima analisi la mancanza di test clinici adeguati su larga scala che abbiano validato queste metodiche sotto il profilo della sicurezze ed affidabilità; in secondo luogo la difficoltà nella loro integrazione con altri dispositivi già routinariamente utilizzati in sala operatoria (o nella diagnostica) come i sistemi di neuronavigazione ad esempio; in terza battuta i costi, spesso proibitivi per le Aziende sanitarie.
In coerenza con il documento PON/SNSI 2014-2020 in accordo con il PNRR, considerato che uno degli obiettivi previsti è stata la valorizzazione e la specializzazione del sistema della ricerca Nazionale attraverso l’organizzazione e lo sviluppo di una rete di ricerca industriale e trasferimento tecnologico, nonostante la prima bozza di progetto fosse stata concepita per sviluppare procedure semplificate patient- tailored mediante ausilio di realtà virtuale/aumentata per il posizionamento di sistemi di stabilizzazione vertebrale con metodica mininvasiva, la successiva pianificazione ha evidenziato come, per le peculiarità proprie della chirurgia vertebrale (posizione prona, assenza di riferimenti ossei stabili, biomeccanica della colonna e sua flessibilità) tale obiettivo non fosse percorribile in maniera efficace stante le nostre disponibilità tecnologico-finanziarie.
Tuttavia, il confronto continuo e multidisciplinare con l’azienda partner del nostro progetto (WeAR SRL) ha portato a presentare la presente ricerca che ha previsto il concept, la programmazione e lo sviluppo di un software in grado di offrire un valido, rapido ed intuitivo ausilio al neurochirurgo nell’esecuzione di un suo gesto, spesso eseguito senza alcun supporto ed in setting difficili, quale il posizionamento di una derivazione ventricolare esterna (DVE), con l’obiettivo di incrementare accuratezza e precisione minimizzando errori e possibili sequele neurologiche potenzialmente invalidanti per il paziente.
Obiettivi collaterali sono stati quelli di offrire , sempre con il medesimo software, uno strumento intuitivo e didattico per studenti e Medici in formazione specialistica consentendone il training con una metodica affidabile e sicura, implementando, al contempo, il dialogo Università - Impresa così da poter offrire, in concreto, la possibilità di un trasferimento tecnologico traslazionale e bi direzionale dal campo dell’industria bio medicale e bio informatica a quello clinico della neurochirurgia e viceversa con un interscambio che potrà essere proficuo anche sotto il profilo della ricerca di base.
Al termine della sperimentazione, la demo realizzata, NeARhead, è stata valutata dal chirurgo sperimentatore per mezzo di un questionario a punti ed è risultata in linea con le sue aspettative (4 punti su 5), migliorabile sotto il profilo della resa grafica (3/5) , dell’usabilità generale (3/5) ma ottimale nelle sue potenzialità di contribuire significativamente alla riduzione del rischio intra operatorio (5/5).The advent of the so-called “digital revolution” has drastically changed our lives and habits in almost every aspect.
The medical and neurosurgical fields in particular have not been excluded; on the contrary, the implementation in recent years of such technologies, combined with breakthroughs in the fields inherent in artificial intelligence, as well as in augmented and mixed reality (AR/MR) technologies, have opened up scenarios that were unthinkable until not so long ago and promise further subversion in the years to come.
Although there are already studies published in the Literature about the applications of AR/VR in Neurosurgery, their extensive use in clinical practice is still quite far off and this is for several reasons: first, the lack of adequate large-scale clinical trials that have validated these methods from the point of view of safety and reliability; second, the difficulty in their integration with other devices already routinely used in the operating room (or in diagnostics) such as neuronavigation systems for example; third, the costs, often prohibitive for healthcare providers.
Consistently with the PON/SNSI 2014-2020 document in accordance with the PNRR, considering that one of the planned objectives was the enhancement and specialization of the National research system through the organization and development of an industrial research and technology transfer network, although the first draft of the project was designed to develop simplified patient-tailored procedures using virtual/augmented reality for the placement of vertebral stabilization systems with minimally invasive method, subsequent planning showed that, due to the peculiarities inherent in spinal surgery (prone position, absence of stable bone references, biomechanics of the spine and its flexibility), this goal was not feasible effectively given our technological and financial availability.
However, the continuous and multidisciplinary dialogue with the partner company of our project (WeAR SRL) led to the presentation of the present research, which included the concept, programming and development of a software capable of offering a valid, rapid and intuitive aid to the neurosurgeon in the execution of one of his gestures, often performed without any support and in difficult settings, such as the placement of an external ventricular shunt (EVD), with the aim of increasing accuracy and precision while minimizing errors and possible neurological sequelae potentially disabling for the patient.
Collateral objectives were to offer , again with the same software, an intuitive and didactic tool for students and residents allowing their training with a reliable and safe method, implementing, at the same time, the University- company exchange so as to be able to offer, concretely, the possibility of a translational and bi-directional technology transfer from the field of bio medical and bio informatics industry to the clinical field of neurosurgery and vice versa with an interchange that could be profitable also under the basic research profile.
At the end of the trial, the demo created, NeARhead, was evaluated by the investigating surgeon by means of a point-based questionnaire and was found to be in line with his expectations (4 points out of 5), improvable in terms of graphical rendering (3/5) , general usability (3/5) but optimal in its potential to contribute significantly to intraoperative risk reduction (5/5)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Double cystic brain metastasis in a patient with stable pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
Full text linkBackground: Brain metastases in pancreatic cancer are a rare condition and are usually seen in case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Only few cases of brain metastasis in patients affected by Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) are actually reported. Case description: We report a patient diagnosed with double cystic brain lesions that the histological examination reveal to be consistent, with pancreatic metastasis. Our patient had an history shown of stable pancreatic IPMN which has never made the oncologist suspicious about neoplastic progression or degeneration into pancreatic carcinoma. Considering the rarity of these metastasis we did a literature review on the topic Conclusions: Despite rare, pancreatic origin of a cystic brain metastasis should considered in differential diagnosis in both patient with IPMN or patient with unknown primitive tumor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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