131,550 research outputs found
Zabaniotou A., Rovas D., Monteleone M. 2015. Management of Olive Grove Pruning and Solid Waste from Olive Oil Extraction Via Thermochemical Processes. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 6, 5, 831–842. DOI: 10.1007/s12649-015-9403-2
No full textShort interval intracortical facilitation correlates with the degree of disability in multiple sclerosis
No full textMori F, Kusayanagi H, Monteleone F, et al. Short interval intracortical facilitation correlates with the degree of disability in multiple sclerosis. Brain Stimulation. 2013;6(1):67-71
Monteleone M., Prosperi M., Koukios E. 2015. Unlocking research potential and regional implications of development. In: “Building sustainable R&D centers in emerging technology regions”. Gibson D. and Slovak J. (Editors), chapter 18, pp. 107-130. Masaryk University. ISBN 978-80-210-7854-3.
No full textA Semantic Annotation Model for Syntactic Parsing in Ontology Learning Task. In Proceedings of ALLDATA 2016, The Second International Conference on Big Data, Small Data, Linked Data and Open Data IARIA 2016. ISBN: 978-1-61208-457-2.
No full textI nummularii in alcuni scritti di Paolino da Nola. Immagini di attività bancarie a cavallo tra IV e V secolo
No full textThe paper focuses on some texts wrote by Paolin of Nole in which there are many references to nummularii and banking practices. The importance of these sources is significant in relation of the discussed question of the crisis and rebirth for banking activities in the thirth and fourth century A.D
Gastroenteric hormone responses to hedonic eating in healthy humans.
No full textHedonic eating differentiates from homeostatic eating on two main aspects: the first one is that eating occurs when there is no need for calorie ingestion and the second one is that the food is consumed exclusively for its gustatory and rewarding properties. Gastroeneteric hormones such as ghrelin, colecystokinin-33 (CCK) and peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) are known to play a pivotal role in the homeostatic control of food intake. To the contrary, their role in hedonic eating has been never investigated. Here we report peripheral responses of CCK, PYY(3-36) and ghrelin to the consumption of food for pleasure in well-nourished satiated healthy subjects. Plasma levels of CCK, PYY(3-36) and ghrelin were measured in 7 satiated healthy subjects before and after ad libitum consumption of both a highly pleasurable food (hedonic eating) and an isoenergetic non-pleasurable food (non-hedonic eating). The consumption of food for pleasure was associated to a significantly increased production of the hunger hormone ghrelin and a significantly decreased secretion of the satiety hormone CCK. No significant changes in plasma PYY(3-36) levels occurred in the two eating conditions. These preliminary data demonstrate that in hedonic eating the peripheral hunger signal represented by ghrelin secretion is enhanced while the satiety signal of CCK production is decreased. This could be responsible for the persistence of peripheral cues allowing a continued eating as well as for the activation of endogenous reward mechanisms, which can drive food consumption in spite of no energy need, only for reward
Cortisol awakening response in patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa: relationships to sensitivity to reward and sensitivity to punishment
No full textBACKGROUND:
Sensitivity to punishment (SP) and sensitivity to reward (SR) are personality characteristics that may have relevance for the pathophysiology of eating disorders (EDs). Moreover, personality characteristics are known to modulate the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is the main component of the endogenous stress response system. As stress has been implicated in the aetiology and the maintenance of EDs, we aimed to study the HPA axis activity in relation to SP and SR, as conceptualized by Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST), in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN).
METHOD:
Twenty-five women with AN, 23 women with BN and 19 healthy women volunteered for the study. HPA axis activity was assessed by measurement of the salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR). The subjects' SP and SR were measured by the behavioural inhibition system (BIS)/behavioural approach system (BAS) scales.
RESULTS:
The CAR was significantly enhanced in AN patients, but not in BN patients, compared to healthy women. The CAR correlated significantly with BAS measures, negatively in healthy controls and positively in binge-purging AN patients and BN women. SP, measured by the BIS scale, was higher in patients than in controls.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings confirm the occurrence of an enhanced activity of the HPA axis in symptomatic AN, but not in symptomatic BN, and show for the first time that the CAR is associated with SR, as conceptualized by the RST, negatively in healthy subjects but positively in binge-purging ED patients
Involvement of interleukin-15 and interleukin-21, two gamma-chain-related cytokines, in celiac disease
No full textCeliac disease (CD), an enteropathy caused by dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, is histologically characterized by villous atrophy, crypt cell hyperplasia, and increased number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes. The nature of CD pathogenesis remains unclear, but recent evidence indicates that both innate and adaptive immune responses are necessary for the phenotypic expression and pathologic changes characteristic of CD. Extensive studies of molecules produced by immune cells in the gut of CD patients have led to identification of two cytokines, namely interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-21, which are thought to play a major role in orchestrating the mucosal inflammatory response in CD. Here we review the current knowledge of the expression and function of IL-15 and IL-21 in CD
Oral D-Aspartate enhances synaptic plasticity reserve in progressive multiple sclerosis
No full textBackground: Synaptic plasticity reserve correlates with clinical recovery after a relapse in relapsing–remitting forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and is significantly compromised in patients with progressive forms of MS. These findings suggest that progression of disability in MS is linked to reduced synaptic plasticity reserve. D-Aspartate, an endogenous aminoacid approved for the use in humans as a dietary supplement, enhances synaptic plasticity in mice. Objective: To test whether D-Aspartate oral intake increases synaptic plasticity reserve in progressive MS patients. Methods: A total of 31 patients affected by a progressive form of MS received either single oral daily doses of D-Aspartate 2660 mg or placebo for 4 weeks. Synaptic plasticity reserve and trans-synaptic cortical excitability were measured through transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols before and after D-Aspartate. Results: Both TMS-induced long-term potentiation (LTP), intracortical facilitation (ICF) and short-interval ICF increased after 2 and 4 weeks of D-Aspartate but not after placebo, suggesting an enhancement of synaptic plasticity reserve and increased trans-synaptic glutamatergic transmission. Conclusion: Daily oral D-Aspartate 2660 mg for 4 weeks enhances synaptic plasticity reserve in patients with progressive MS, opening the path to further studies assessing its clinical effects on disability progression
Impairment of ghrelin synthesis in Helicobacter pylori-colonized stomach: new clues for the pathogenesis of H. pylori-related gastric inflammation
No full textGhrelin, the ligand of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a, takes part in several functions of the digestive system, including regulation of appetite, energy homeostasis, gastric acid secretion and motility. Ghrelin has also immunoregulatory properties and is supposed to inhibit some inflammatory pathways that can mediate gastric damage. Interestingly, ghrelin synthesis is reduced in the gastric mucosa of patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, a worldwide condition inducing a T helper (Th)1/Th17 cell response-driven gastritis, which may evolve towards gastric atrophy and cancer. In this article, we review the available data on the expression of ghrelin in H. pylori infection and discuss how the defective ghrelin synthesis may contribute to sustain the ongoing inflammatory response in this disease
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