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The larva of Tricholeon relictus Hölzel & Monserrat, 2002 a synanthropic antlion (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)
No full textAcevedo, Fernando, Badano, Davide, Monserrat, Víctor J. (2014): The larva of Tricholeon relictus Hölzel & Monserrat, 2002 a synanthropic antlion (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae). Zootaxa 3835 (3): 364-370, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3835.3.
FIGURE 9. Nevrorthus reconditus Monserrat & Gavira n in A new European species of Nevrorthus in the Iberian Peninsula (Insecta, Neuropterida)
No full textFIGURE 9. Nevrorthus reconditus Monserrat & Gavira n. sp., general appearance of the larva.Published as part of Monserrat, V. J. & Gavira, O., 2014, A new European species of Nevrorthus in the Iberian Peninsula (Insecta, Neuropterida), pp. 349-360 in Zootaxa 3796 (2) on page 354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3796.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/22557
Tricholeon relictus Holzel & Monserrat 2002
No full textTricholeon relictus Hölzel & Monserrat, 2002 (Figs. 1–4) Examined specimens. S Spain, Granada: La Herradura, Punta de la Mona, 4 first instar larvae obtained from a female collected 24.VIII. 2011, born 11.IX. 2011, F. Acevedo & V. J. Monserrat leg.; same locality, 2 third instar larvae and 1 second instar larva laboratory-reared to the third instar, reached 10.IX. 2013, D. Badano, F. Acevedo and V. J. Monserrat leg.; same locality, 5 first instar larvae obtained from a female collected VIII. 2013, born 19.IX. 2013, F. Acevedo and V. J. Monserrat leg., presently kept in their natural site. Description of 3 rd instar larva. Medium sized antlion larva (Table 1). General colouring very pale, whitish (Fig. 1), dorsal side of head capsule very pale ochre with a dark area in proximity of the base of the mandible and with small median markings on the clypeo-labrum and after the frontal sutures, a further pair of small markings are present in the occipital area (Fig. 2), ventral side of the head unmarked (Fig. 3), ocular tubercles black, mandibles dark reddish brown, setae on the dorsal side of the body and on the setiferous processes black while the setae disposed on the lateral and ventral sides are mainly pale brown (Fig. 1). TABLE 1. Average size measurements (mm) of examined 3 rd instar larvae of Tricholeon relictus (3 specimens) and Dendroleon pantherinus (2 specimens). The size range (min–max) of sclerotized body parts is reported after mean. Abbreviations: body length (excluding mandibles) BL, head length HL, head width HW, mandible length ML, ratio head capsule width/length HW/HL, ratio mandible length/head capsule length ML/HL. FIGURE 1. Tricholeon relictus Hölzel & Monserrat, 2002, 3rd instar larva, live specimen (Spain: Granada, La Herradura, Punta de la Mona). A: dorsal view, B: ventral view, C: lateral view. FIGURES 2–7. Morphological comparisons between 3 rd instar larvae of Tricholeon relictus Hölzel & Monserrat, 2002 and Dendroleon pantherinus (Fabricius, 1787). 2. T. relictus, dorsal view of the head. 3. T. relictus, ventral view of the head. 4. T. relictus, VIII and IX urites. 5. D. pantherinus, dorsal view of the head. 6. D. pantherinus, ventral view of the head. 7. D. pantherinus, VIII and IX urites. Scale bar: 1 mm. Head. Sub-rectangular in shape, longer than wide (Figs. 2, 3); anterior margin of the labrum with a small median incision; antennae very long and thin, composed by at least 14 flagellomeres; dorsal side of the head covered with dolichasters, paler in proximity of the mouthparts; mandible upturned but relatively straight, similar in length to the head capsule, equipped with 3 pairs of comparatively large teeth; 2–3 pseudo-teeth interspersed with at least 4 dolichasters between the base of the mandible and the basal tooth, 0–2 setae between the basal and median teeth, no setae between the median and apical teeth; external margin of the mandible with a group of stout setae at the base; labial palps elongated, basal segment covered by brown dolichasters (Fig. 3). Thorax. Pronotum covered with sparse and relatively stout pale brown setae (Fig. 2); mesothoracic spiracles not borne on tubercle; mesonotum with a conspicuous median tuft of hair-like, pale brown setae (Fig. 2), in live specimens a clot of sand grains is retained at its apex; mesothoracic setiferous processes pedunculated, of which the first pair is particularly elongated, metathoracic setiferous processes sub-pedunculated (Fig. 2). Legs. Pale in colour, covered with black and stout setae on the ventral side. Abdomen. Dorsal series of setiferous processes bearing stout black setae; abdominal spiracles very small, not prominent; ventral side of the abdomen covered with light brown hair-like setae; IX abdominal sternite longer than wide, covered with long setae interspersed with hair-like ones (Fig. 4). Differences between larval instars. As typical of myrmeleontid larvae, striking morphological differences are not observable between the first and later instars excluding size, therefore the diagnostic characters are always evident. Anyway the first instar larva is covered with a much sparser setation and the body cuticle is remarkably hyaline. Ecological notes. T. relictus is a Spanish endemism so far only known for a small coastal area characterized by a very mild and relatively humid climate, situated south of Granada: La Herradura and the neighbouring mount of Cerro Gordo. The type locality of the species is the residential area of Punta de la Mona in La Herradura, a hill site with sparse buildings interspersed with extensive gardens and remnants of the original Mediterranean vegetation, composed by open woods of Aleppo pine with thick undergrowth. The larvae were collected in the foundations of a house located in this site, in a peculiar situation resembling a cave, as this room communicates with the exterior only by small openings thus creating a dark, moist and warm microhabitat characterized by constant conditions (Monserrat 2010; Monserrat & Acevedo 2011). Despite the obvious artificial origin of this place, a notable resemblance to the natural caves of the area is evident in the geological substratum and overall characteristics. The foundations harbor a rich fauna of synanthropic arthropods of which some represent potential prey for Tricholeon larvae such as: Isopoda Oniscoidea, Collembola Arthropleona, Zygentoma Lepismatidae, Psocoptera, Coleoptera Lathridiidae, Lepidoptera Tineidae and Hymenoptera Formicidae while Diplopoda and Coleoptera Tenebrionidae are improbable due to their hard cuticles; various cohabiting predators have been observed, including Chilopoda Scutigeridae, Araneae Dysderidae and Scythodidae, Opilionida, Coleoptera Carabidae and Hymenoptera Vespidae (Monserrat & Acevedo 2011). The presence of T. relictus in this site, though apparently surprising, is not occasional as it is confirmed by 21 empty cocoons discovered. Despite accurate field research the larvae have still not been detected in the natural caves of the area, as potentially suggested by the ecology of the African congeners. Behavioural notes. Tricholeon larvae are ambush predators as the other members of the tribe. The larvae usually lay where the dust layer is thin, allowing to anchor themselves to the substrate and enhancing their camouflage covering the body with soil debris. They are normally very motionless, often remaining immobile for long periods in laboratory conditions and they are able to feign death for several minutes if disturbed, nevertheless they are agile climbers. Comparative remarks. The larvae of Tricholeon show the typical set of characters of most Dendroleontini: upturned mandibles, small but prominent ocular tubercles, mesothoracic tuft of hair-like setae and elongated IX abdominal sternite. The larval stages of southern African species T. hirtellus and T. nigripes differ from the closely related genera Dendroleon and Cymothales for the very long and thin anterior mesothoracic setiferous process (Mansell 1988; Stange 2004). According to Stange (2004), they are also distinguishable from Dendroleon because the median tooth of the mandible is shorter than mandibular width at its insertion. Remarkably the larva of T. relictus is much more similar to Dendroleon than to African congeners in both characters, as the anterior setiferous process is no more than three times longer than wide and the median tooth is noticeably longer than mandibular width. Comparison with Dendroleon pantherinus. D. pantherinus is a widespread species in central and southern Europe, though generally highly localized. Notably this antlion has never been reported from the Iberian Peninsula despite its presence there is actually possible, especially in the northern half, as suggested by the presence of this species in Mediterranean woody biotopes in Italy (Badano & Pantaleoni 2014; Badano pers. obs.). The larva of this species remained poorly known despite its early description (Brauer 1867) and it has been deeply treated only recently by Badano & Pantaleoni (2014). As underlined above, the larvae of T. relictus and D. pantherinus are noticeably similar in overall morphology, differing in relatively minor details. D. pantherinus is a proportionally larger species than T. relictus and it is also evident in the dimensions of the larvae (Table 1). T. relictus is instead characterized by comparatively stouter jaws. In D. pantherinus, one interdental mandibular seta is present between the median and apical teeth (Fig. 5) while it is always absent in T. relictus. Regarding body colouring both species are very pale, whitish antlion larvae but in D. pantherinus the head capsule is much more pigmented, with a typical reddish hue (Figs. 5, 6) while T. relictus shows median dark markings in the anterior part (Fig. 2). The colour of the setae is diagnostic: in D. pantherinus all the setae of the body are blackish, while in T. relictus the stouter setae on the dorsal side of the body and on the setiferous processes are black but the hair like setae (mainly ventro-lateral in position) are pale brown; this difference is immediately evident observing the tuft of hair-like setae on the mesonotum: black in the first species (Fig. 5) and pale brown in the second (Fig. 2). On the contrary, IX urite does not show remarkable differences between the two species (Figs. 4, 7). From an ecological point view both species are specialized sit-and-wait predators in dark, protected environments. D. pantherinus is typically associated with tree holes but it is also able to colonize different microhabitats, including human buildings (Gepp 2010; Badano & Pantaleoni 2014); as other species of Dendroleon are also cave dwellers (Stange et al. 2003) the larvae of this antlion may be at least potentially found in caves or similar environments.Published as part of Acevedo, Fernando, Badano, Davide & Monserrat, Víctor J., 2014, The larva of Tricholeon relictus Hölzel & Monserrat, 2002 a synanthropic antlion (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae), pp. 364-370 in Zootaxa 3835 (3) on pages 365-369, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3835.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/22804
The larva of Tricholeon relictus Holzel & Monserrat, 2002 a synanthropic antlion (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)
No full textThe larva of Tricholeon relictus, a Spanish endemic antlion of Afrotropical affinities, is described and illustrated for the first time also providing a comparison with the only other European member of the tribe Dendroleontini, Dendroleon pantherinus. The larva of this species is synanthropic but probably originally lived in cave-like habitats
Myrmeleon almohadarum Badano, Acevedo, Pantaleoni & Monserrat, 2016, sp. nov.
No full textMyrmeleon almohadarum sp. nov. Diagnosis. Small-sized Myrmeleon with a dark brown, variegated habitus (Figs 1, 2); pronotum with a diagnostic pattern (Fig. 3 B); wings hyaline with dark-and-pale dashed veins (Fig. 4 A); male hindwing with pilula axillaris; abdomen with conspicuous paler markings, creating an annulated pattern. Larva with an ochre habitus (Fig. 7), characterized by a particularly dense arrangement of digging setae on sternite IX (Fig. 8). Description of the adult. Size. Average body length 20.43 mm (min-max 16.03–26.82); forewing male length 21.56 mm (19.20–23.33), female length 23.05 mm (19.84–26.5), ratio width/length (both sexes) 0.23; hind wing male length 19.57 mm (16.35–21.42), female length 20.81 mm (17.77–25.55), ratio width/length (both sexes) 0.22. General colouring. Dark brown with large ochre markings on thorax and abdomen (Fig. 2). Head. Vertex and occiput dark brown, with a contrasting ochre pattern (Fig. 3 B). Frons dark brown with paler lateral margins. Ocular rim pale. Clypeus pale with fainted median marking. Labrum pale. Maxillary palpus brown. Labial palpus pale, with the distal segment fusiform and dark brown, palpimacula elliptical. Scape brown, paler distally, pedicellum dark brown, flagellum brown. (Fig. 3 A). Thorax. Pronotum brown, with anterior and lateral margins pale; dorsal side with a complex pattern composed by: a narrow median pale stripe, a pair of poorly defined pale spots in the apical half and a pair of usually well contrasted pale spots in the basal half (Fig. 3 B). Mesonotum and metanotum brown, lateral and ventral sclerite margins ochre, particularly evident on mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, metascutum and metascutellum (Fig. 2). Legs. Coxae brown in all legs (Fig. 2). Pro- and mesothoracic legs with extensive brown markings on the femur and tibia. Metathoracic leg with brown markings on the femur and the inner face of the tibia brown (Fig. 2). Tibial spurs as long as the first tarsomere. Wings. Relatively broad with a rounded apex (Fig. 4 A). Membrane hyaline. Pterostigma distinct, proximally brown and distally whitish. Venation predominantly dark brown with alternating pale dashes. Radius sector of forewing with on average 5–7 (less frequently 8) crossveins, thus the cells of Rs are few and elongated. Cubital fork of forewing slightly more basal than Media posterior fork. Hind wing with on average 5 presectoral crossveins. Male hind wing equipped with pilula axillaris (Fig. 4 A). Abdomen. Shorter than wings (Fig. 2). Tergites brown with large dorso-proximal ochre markings. Sternites brown with ventro-proximal pale markings. Interpleural membrane brown with paler markings. Ectoproct ochre. Male terminalia as in Fig. 5 A, B; male genitalia, complex of gonocoxites 9+11 sensu Aspöck & Aspöck 2008 (gonarcus-paramere complex) as in Fig. 6. Female terminalia as in Fig. 5 C, D. Variability. M. almohadarum sp. nov. is a relatively variable species in term of body pattern, like other congeners. Body colour varies from brown to dark brown but it is never pale ochre or blackish, like M. mariaemathildae and M. inconspicuus respectively. Some specimens are characterized by a partial fusion or fading of the pronotal pattern (e.g. specimen depicted in Fig. 2). The markings on the clypeus are also relatively variable. Description of the third instar larva. Size. Average body length 9.20 mm; head length 1.78 mm (min-max 1.67–1.87), head width 1.53 mm (1.47–1.57), mandible length 1.83 mm (1.75–1.87), ratio head width/length 0.86, ratio mandible length/head length 1.03. General colouring. Pale brown, with a dark brown pattern, ventral side of the body paler, with conspicuous dark markings (Fig. 7). Dorsal side of the head capsule with dark brown markings on the clypeo-labrum and a posterior V-shaped, fainted marking, lateral side with dark brown markings. Ventral side pale, with a pair of large dark brown spots (Fig. 7). Mandible pale brown. Some preserved Spanish larvae are characterized by the presence of a dark marking in the median section of the mandible. Legs pale brown, unspotted. Body chaetotaxy black. Head. Sub-rectangular, longer than wide. Ocular tubercle sessile. Mandible as long as the head capsule, provided with 3 equidistant teeth not abruptly differentiated in size. Interdental mandibular setae: (5)(2)(2)(1). External margin with a fringe of long setae, dorsal and ventral side almost hairless except a few short setae near the margin. Labial palpus 4-segmented. Abdomen. VIII abdominal sternite with small odontoid processes, posterior margin with stout setae. IX abdominal sternite with many ventral digging setae, unevenly arranged or irregularly aligned in rows, mostly sub-equal in size and interspersed with smaller ones (Fig. 8). Rastra sessile, each bearing 4 digging setae, of which the external pairs are longer (Fig. 8). Examined specimens. HOLOTYPE: Spain: Cádiz: Bolonia / 30 STE 59 / 10 m / ex larva 13.VII.2015 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ in alcohol [VM] (Fig. 1). PARATYPES. Spain: Almería: Las Casillas de Atochares, Rambla del Artal / 210 m / ex l. 20.VIII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♀ dry pinned [DB]; San Roque / 300 m / 2.IX.1993 / J. Ramírez leg., 1 ♀ dry pinned [VM]; Tabernas, Rambla Roja / 360 m / ex l. 16.VII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ dry pinned [DB]; Baleares: Ibiza, Las Salinas / 10 m / ex l. 3.VIII.2011 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♀ dry pinned [VM]; Cádiz: Barbate, Cerro del Pinar / 130 m / 20.VIII.1976 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1♀ * dry pinned [VM]; Pinar de la Duquesa 26.VIII.77 E.L. / V. Monserrat 1♀ * [RAP]; Bolonia / 10 m / ex l. 13.VIII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1♂ * dry pinned [VM]; Bolonia / 10 m / ex l. 25.VIII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ dry pinned [VM]; Bolonia / 10 m / ex l. 13.VII.2015 / F. Acevedo leg., 1♂ [VM]; Bolonia / 10 m / ex l. 13.VII.2015 / F. Acevedo leg., 1♂ [VM]; Bonanza / 18 m / ex l. 2.VII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [DB]; Bonanza / 18 m / ex l. 3.VII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [VM]; Bonanza / 18 m / ex l. 23.VII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [VM]; Bonanza / 18 m / ex l. 13.VIII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♀ * dry pinned [DB]; Cádiz, Castillo de San Sebastián / 10 m / 10.VII.1976 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [VM]; Caños de Meca / 10 m / ex l. 23.VII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [VM]; Caños de Meca / 10 m / ex l. 4.VIII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [VM]; Chiclana / 10 m /ex l. 13.VII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [DB]; Playa de Los Lances / 10 m / ex l. 13.VIII.2012 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [DB]; Playa Los Lances / 10 m / ex l. 27.VIII.2012 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♀ * dry pinned [DB]; Puerto Santa María, La Puntilla / 10 m / 29.VI.1976 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♂ * dry pinned [VM]; Venta del Retín/ 40 m / 5.VIII.1976 / I. Reviejo leg., 1 ♀ * dry pinned [DB]; Huelva: Punta Umbría / 10 m / ex l. 16.VII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♀ * dry pinned [VM]; Punta Umbría / 10 m / ex l. 4.VIII.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 1 ♀ * dry pinned [VM]; Jaén: El Centenillo / 600 m / ex l. 6.VII.1986 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♂ [VM]; El Centenillo / 600 m / ex l. 10.VII.1986 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♂ [VM]; El Centenillo / 600 m / ex l. 10.VII.1986 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♀ [VM]; El Centenillo / 600 m / ex l. 11.VII.1986 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♀ [VM]; El Centenillo / 600 m / ex l. VIII.1986 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♀ [VM]; Málaga: Estepona, Sierra Bermeja, Rio Padrón / 140 m / 9.VII.2013 V. J. Monserrat leg., 1 ♂ dry pinned [DB]. Tunisia: Tunis, Gammarth / VII.2010 / INRGREF leg. / 1♀, ex larva, in alcohol [DB]; Tunis, Gammarth / VII.2010 / INRGREF leg. / 2♂, 2♀, ex larvae, in alcohol [RAP]; Forêt de Dar Chichou 36° 57,733N 10° 59,445E / VIII.2010 / INRGREF leg. 1♂, 4♀ ex larvae, in alcohol [RAP]; Al Sawasi (=Souassi) 35° 21,953N 10° 36,689E / VIII.2010 / INRGREF leg. 1♀ ex larva, in alcohol [RAP]; Tunis, Gammarth 36°55’10”N 10°17’38”E / 9.IV.2014 / R. A. Pantaleoni leg., 1 ♀, ex larva, dry pinned [DB]; Tunis, Gammarth 36°55’10”N 10°17’38”E / 9.IV.2014 / R. A. Pantaleoni leg. 1♂, 2♀, ex larvae, in alcohol [DB]; Tunis, Gammarth 36°55’10”N 10°17’38”E / 9.IV.2014 / R. A. Pantaleoni leg., 3♂, 2 ♀, ex larvae, in alcohol [RAP]. Larvae. Spain: Cádiz: Bolonia / 10 m / 24.V.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 3 third instar larvae [VM]; Bolonia/ 10 m / 5.IV.2015 / F. Acevedo leg., 2 third instar larvae [VM]; Bonanza/ 18 m / 21.VI.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 2 third instar larvae [VM]; Huelva: Punta Umbría / 10 m / 24.V.2012 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 3 third instar larvae [VM]; Málaga: Las Cañillas / 160 m / 25.V.2012 / F. Acevedo leg., 6 third instar larvae [VM]; Monda, Llanos de Purla / 370 m / 18.VIII.2013 / V. J. Monserrat leg., 2 third instar larvae [VM]. Tunisia: Tunis, Gammarth 36°55’10”N 10°17’38”E / 9.IV.2014 / R. A. Pantaleoni leg., 2 third instar larvae, in alcohol [DB]; Tunis, Gammarth 36°55’10”N 10°17’38”E / 9.IV.2014 / R. A. Pantaleoni leg.,over 20 larvae, in alcohol [RAP] Derivatio nominis. The name of this new species is a noun in the genitive case, referring to the Almohad dynasty, which dominated North Africa and the south of the Iberian Peninsula between the 12th and 13th centuries. DNA taxonomy and phylogeny. The six putative species of the genus Myrmeleon, included in the analysed data set, were all supported by Bayesian posterior probabilities of 1.0 (Fig. 10). The Bayesian Poisson tree process algorithm applied on the Bayesian consensus tree also supported the existence of six species, reinforcing the morphology-based assumptions. The status of M. almohadarum as a new species was confirmed by a posterior probability of 0.97, given the input phylogeny and the bPTP model. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis reconstructed M. almohadarum as sister to M. inconspicuus with a posterior probability of 1.0 (Fig. 10). Ecological notes and distribution. In Tunisia, the pit-building larvae of M. almohadarum were collected in old coastal sand dunes with tree vegetation, including pine plantations. In Spain, besides the above mentioned environments, this species was also found in river banks and dry ephemeral riverbeds, suggesting that this antlion shares the same habitat preferences with M. inconspicuus (Nicoli Aldini 2007; Gepp 2010; Pantaleoni et al. 2010; Badano & Pantaleoni 2014) but it is more thermophilous. M. almohadarum is presently known from relatively few localities in Spain, mostly in the southernmost part of the Iberian Peninsula (Andalusia: Huelva, Jaén, Cádiz, Málaga and Almería). An isolated record from the Balearic Islands (Ibiza) is also known (Fig. 9). At least some of the numerous records of M. inconspicuus from the Iberian Peninsula (see list in Monserrat & Acevedo 2013), especially from its southernmost part and/or the Balearic Islands, very likely belong to the new species. In North Africa, this antlion was collected in Tunisia, but it is probably widespread along the south-western Mediterranean coast, in areas influenced by the Mediterranean climate and avoiding desert environments. Comparative notes. The Myrmeleon inconspicuus -group of species, firstly delimited by Pantaleoni et al. (2010), includes the Turano-European M. inconspicuus, the Mediterranean M. mariaemathildae and the Asiatic-E- European M. immanis Walker. These species differ from other Palaearctic congeners in a set of adult characters: forewing Cubital fork more basal than Media posterior fork (Fig. 4), male hind wing with pilula axillaris and male genitalia with a large, lamellar mediuncus (Fig. 6). Moreover, the larvae of this species-group are characterized by the IX abdominal sternite with the anterior row of digging setae composed by at least 6 bristles (Badano & Pantaleoni 2014). M. almohadarum also fits within this species group, based on adult and larval morphology and the DNA-based phylogenetic reconstruction. The new species and M. immanis are easily distinguished by the unmistakable habitus of the latter (i.e. blackish body colour and yellowish, hyaline wings with pointed apex). M. inconspicuus is also darker than M. almohadarum and it is characterized by a blackish pronotum with a thin median line and an isolated pale spot per side (Fig. 3 C). On the other hand, M. mariaemathildae is a highly variable species, with distinct pale and dark morphs, though most specimens are pale ochre. The pronotum of M. mariaemathildae is usually characterized by large pale markings and paired dark areas, with a large median, pale stripe connected with a pair of posterior spots (Fig. 3 D), though in very dark specimens the pronotum closely resembles that of M. inconspicuus, see Pantaleoni et al. (2010) for further details. M. almohadarum is best distinguished from these closely related species due to the overall brown habitus and the dark brown pronotum with two pale markings per side connected to a median stripe (but see Variability). The new species is usually characterized by the Radius sector of forewing with about 5–7 transversal crossveins, therefore the cells of the Rs are few and comparatively long (Fig. 4 A). In other species (including the other members of the M. inconspicuus group) the Rs crossveins are usually 10 or more, thus the cells appear more numerous but shorter (Fig. 4 B, C). M. almohadarum closely resembles the African species M. caliginosus Hölzel & Ohm. The most obvious difference, besides genitalia, between these species is represented by the presence of pilula axillaris on male hind wing, always lacking in M. caliginosus. Moreover, M. caliginosus is overall darker, with pronotal spots well separated and not connected by a median line. The larva of M. almohadarum is very similar in body pattern and relative proportions to those of M. inconspicuus and M. mariaemathildae (see Badano & Pantaleoni 2014). The larva of the new species is characterized by the IX sternite with the anterior row of digging setae comprising numerous and irregularly arranged bristles, mostly of similar size (Fig. 8). M. inconspicuus has a lower number of setae on the anterior row, while M. mariaemathildae is recognizable due to its combination of large setae disorderly interspersed with smaller ones (Badano & Pantaleoni 2014).Published as part of Badano, Davide, Acevedo, Fernando, Pantaleoni, Roberto A. & Monserrat, Víctor J., 2016, Myrmeleon almohadarum sp. nov., from Spain and North Africa, with description of the larva (Neuroptera Myrmeleontidae), pp. 210-220 in Zootaxa 4196 (2) on pages 212-218, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4196.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/16796
A new European species of Nevrorthus in the Iberian Peninsula (Insecta, Neuropterida)
No full textMonserrat, V. J., Gavira, O. (2014): A new European species of Nevrorthus in the Iberian Peninsula (Insecta, Neuropterida). Zootaxa 3796 (2): 349-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3796.2.
The humanist emergentism of Javier Monserrat
No full textJ. Monserrat is the most significant and consistent representative of the emergentist paradigm in our cultural context. He defends a humanist emergentism, which he has deepened from the level of neuronal engrams to later agree with the postulates on quantum neurology by Penrose and Hameroff. This article will present the main arguments supported by J. Monserrat, within the context of the ample paradigm of systemic emergentism. It will show how this paradigm allows him to defend a humanist and believing anthropological model in a more adequate way
El emergentismo humanista de Javier Monserrat
No full textJ. Monserrat constituye el representante más significativo y consistente del paradigma emergentista en nuestro entorno cultural, defendiendo un emergentismo humanista, que ha ido profundizando desde el nivel de los engramas neuronales hasta adherirse a las tesis de la neurología cuántica de Penrose y Hameroff. A lo largo de este artículo se presentan los principales planteamientos defendidos por J. Monserrat, dentro del horizonte del amplio paradigma del emergentismo sistémico, advirtiéndose como dicho paradigma le permite defender de un modo más adecuado un modelo antropológico humanista y creyente.</jats:p
CAJA 219 - LEGAJO IX - SIGNATURA 10
No full textCarta de pésame, remitida por la Sociedad Económica, a la familia del socio fallecido D. José Monserrat y Riutar.Monserrat Y Riutar, J. (1881). Carta de pésame, remitida por la Sociedad Económica, a la familia del socio fallecido D. José Monserrat y Riutar. Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País de Valencia. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/24568Importación Masiv
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
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