1,720,958 research outputs found
The connection between COVID-19 vaccine abundance, vaccination coverage, and public trust in government across the globe
No full textThis study investigates that how the number of COVID-19 vaccines secured correlates with the vaccination coverage (full and booster) depending on whether there is trust in national government or not across 47 countries. The data are based on global figures as of Nov. 2021 and Feb. 2022 while measures for confidence in government is according to Gallup World Poll, Oct. 2021. The model includes an interaction term of the two key variables, also controls for a range of socio-economic factors and country specific variables. The results indicate a non-linear and mixed relationship between the numbers secured, the public trust, and the vaccination rate. In Feb. 2022, with confidence in government, securing number of vaccines to cover 200% of the population (or more) increased the full vaccination rate by 12.26% (95% CI: 11.70 - 12.81); where number secured was 300% (or more), the coverage increased by 7.46% (95% CI: 6.95 - 7.97). Under similar scenarios, rate of booster shots increased by 13.16% (95% CI: 12.62 - 13.70; p < 0.01) and 14.36% (95% CI: 13.86 - 14.85; p < 0.01), respectively. Where the number secured fell below 200%, confidence in government had a revers relationship with the rate of full vaccination (-2.65; 95% CI: -3.32 - -1.99), yet positive with the rate of booster shots (1.65; 95% CI: 1.18 - 2.12). These results indicate that better success can be achieved by a combination of factors including securing sufficient number of vaccines and also ensuring the public trust. Vaccine abundance, however, cannot be translated into greater success in vaccination coverage. This study highlights the importance of efficiency in acquiring vaccine resources and need for improvement in public belief in immunization programmes rather than stock piling
Public opinion towards global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines - Data from Germany and the United States
Full text linkThis study gathered evidence from Germany and the United States on public opinion towards fair distribution of COVID-19 vaccines across the world. Analytical Hierarchy Process and discrete choice experiments were used for this purpose. The sample is nationally representative of adults (aged 18 and above) for both countries using quotas on age, gender, education, state, and COVID-19 vaccination rates at the time of the fieldwork (25 May 2021 to 26 June 2021). Overall 1,003 responses in Germany and 1,000 in the United States were collected
Individual and social predictors of smoking and obesity: A panel study in Germany
No full textOpen-Access-Publikationsfonds 202
Public opinion on global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines: Evidence from two nationally representative surveys in Germany and the United States
No full textMothers’ experiences of quality of care and potential benefits of implementing the WHO safe childbirth checklist: a case study of Aceh Indonesia
Full text linkBackground:
In an effort to mitigate missed opportunities to provide high-quality care, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the Safe Childbirth Checklist (SCC) to support health providers perform essential tasks. Our qualitative study is a baseline assessment of quality of care (QoC) perceived by mothers who gave birth at health facilities aiming to highlight areas where implementing the SCC can potentially improve the QoC as well as areas that are not part of the SCC yet require improvement.
Methods:
Assessing the overall experience of care, our qualitative study focuses on 8 out of 29 items in the checklist that are related to the personal interactions between healthcare provider and mothers. Using a set of semi-structured questions, we interviewed 26 new mothers who gave institutional births in Aceh province in Indonesia.
Results:
Our findings revealed some gaps where implementing the SCC can potentially improve safety and QoC. They include communicating danger signs at critical points during birth and after discharge, encouraging breastfeeding, and providing mothers with information on family planning. Moreover, taking a qualitative approach allowed us to identify additional aspects such as need for clarity at the point of admission, maintaining dignity, and protecting mothers’ rights in the decision-making process to be also essential for better QoC.
Conclusions:
Our study highlights the need to actively listen to and engage with the experiences of women in the adaptation and implementation of the checklist. While our findings indicate that implementing the SCC has the potential to improve the quality of maternal care and overall birth experience, a more holistic understanding of the lived experiences of women and the dynamics of their interactions with health facilities, care providers, and their birth companions can complement the implementation of the checklist
Predictors of patients’ choice of hospitals under universal health coverage: a case study of the Nicaraguan capital
No full textBackground This study looks at the factors that can shape patients’ choice of healthcare providers. Understanding this process can help with making high quality healthcare more accessible for all. We focus on distance, patient’s health status, (perceived) quality of healthcare facility, and referrals to investigate how these factors compete in shaping patients’ choice of hospitals. Methods This study was carried out in Managua, the capital of Nicaragua. Utilizing an exit-survey, patients were interviewed across five public hospitals in 2017 and then six in 2019 when a new highly-equipped hospital was added to the system. We used a multinomial logit model to investigate patients’ preference of a specific hospital over the rest within each wave. Results Our results show that being referred to a hospital is the strongest predictor and in some cases, it can increase the relative risk ratio of choosing a facility by a factor of 49 ( p < 0.01; 95% CI: 27.39–87.17). For the remaining factors, the hierarchy of importance was less clear-cut yet all these factors remained significantly important at various levels. Conclusions Overall, our results highlight the importance of referral systems in making quality healthcare more equitable. Moreover, with distance also being a key predictor and in the absence of an organized referral system, those with low-income would either be further deprived by having to settle with locally available healthcare (regardless of its quality) or face high amounts of out-of-pocket expenditure when seeking help from the private sector.Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (1018
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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