1,721,106 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Potentially preventable antepartum stillbirths in a high-resource setting: a prospective audit-based study
No full textObjectives: The primary objective was the identification of sub-standard care in antepartum stillbirths in Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy), hence the number of potentially preventable cases. Secondly, we seek to evaluate any association between inadequate care and either risk factors for stillbirth or causes of death. Study Design: This study was based on prospectively-collected data in an institutional stillbirth audit project, involving all 29 hospital with a maternity unit in Emilia-Romagna Region. For each stillbirth occurred in the area from 2014 to the first semester of 2019 the same diagnostic workup was performed and a clinical record with data about mother and stillborn was completed. Every case was discussed in a multidisciplinary local audit to assess both the cause of death and the quality of care. Two aspects of care quality were evaluated: clinical management and women's access to care. Data were then reviewed by the Regional Audit Group. Results: Elements of inadequate care were identified in 56 out of 524 (10.7 %) fetal deaths. Non-Italian women and pregnancies with fetal growth restriction had double the risk of having received inadequate care during pregnancy, compared to Italian women (aOR 2.0, 95 % CI 1.1–3.6) and a normally developing fetus (aOR 2.0, 95 % CI 1.1–4.1), respectively. Women whose stillbirth was caused by maternal disorders were at higher risk for inadequate care compared to women who had stillbirth explained by other cause (aOR 5.89, 95 %CI 2.2–15.4). Sub-optimal clinical management and barriers to access to care were observed to equal extents. Inappropriate ultrasound monitoring was the most frequent suboptimal care element. Conclusions: About one out of ten stillbirths was potentially preventable. Interventions to reduce stillbirth occurrence in our high-resource setting should focus on appropriate diagnosis and management of maternal disorders and fetal growth restriction, as well as improving access to antenatal care
Mandatory examinations to understand causes of stillbirth: the key role of autopsy and placental analysis
No full textIntrapartum stillbirth for sepsis complicating Arabin cervical pessary placement in a twin pregnancy
No full textThere is little evidence regarding the best treatment in case of dilated cervix and exposed membranes in twins. Current options for its management include vaginal progesterone, cervical cerclage and cervical pessary, but none of them had shown effectiveness compared to expectant management. We presented a case of twin pregnancy at 22 6/7 weeks gestation admitted to the hospital because of cervical insufficiency with bulging of membranes. An Arabin pessary was positioned after a failed attempt of cervical cerclage and no antibiotic was given in absence of signs of infection. Cesarean delivery was performed at 24 weeks gestation because of spontaneous preterm labor and spontaneous rupture of membranes with the first baby in a transverse lie position. At the uterus section, the first baby was stillborn, with Arabin pessary strictly adherent to his ecchymotic head, while the second baby was born alive. After diagnostic histopathological and microbiological investigations, we hypothesized that the first twin died for funisitis/sepsis and mechanical insult due to the strict adhesion of the pessary to the fetal head. We concluded that in case of bulging membranes and dilated cervix, antibiotic treatment should be evaluated, also in absence of signs/symptoms of infection or suspicion of rupture of the membranes, and pessary insertion should be avoided, namely at second trimester, because of the risk of its dislocation inside the uterus when contractions start and potential hurt to extremely preterm fetus
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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