1,721,010 research outputs found
How to Combine Spatial Data for Ecosystem Services Mapping? A GIS-MCDA Approach and Its Application in Tuscany, Italy
No full textAgricultural and forest areas produce sets or bundles of ecosystem services
(ESs) key to human well-being and quality of life. The impacts of the processes
of urban development and abandonment of cultivated land require policies
and governance measures for promoting integrated and mutually beneficial relationships
between urban and rural areas, by properly managing the capacity of
the latter to produce ESs. For this purpose, an accurate mapping of ESs is essential.
In some regions, many spatial data that provide useful indicators for assessing
the ESs supply are available, and it is interesting to develop methods to
organize and combine them. We propose a method for mapping and bundling the
capacity of agricultural and forest areas to supply five ESs, based on the processing
of open-source territorial data through GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision
Analysis (MCDA), and tailored for Tuscany Region (Italy). This method attempt
to combine a Land Use and Land Cover map with other data, e.g., on crops, pedology,
ecosystems properties and conditions, hydrogeological instability, climate,
to obtain a comprehensive ESs assessment. The regional database of crops
provides very useful information for ESs assessment but contains inconsistencies
which must be corrected for it to be used. We present a case-study that shows the
potentiality of the method for advancing research on ESs mapping, even if it
needs to be further refined and tested
I territori della neoruralità. Un repertorio georeferenziato per la Provincia di Lucca
No full textThe paper illustrates the elaborations carried out within the PTC of the Province of Lucca in the identification and description of the innovative practices of multifunctional agriculture in the province.
The authors intend to illustrate the spatialization and systematization of a series of experiences (companies that produce and market the traditional agricultural products, places of social farming and short supply systems for the use of rural areas) whose the data is stored in geographical archives difficult to use in the process of spatial planning.
The elaboration is a very important cognitive phase within the plan for the activation of new alliances between city and countryside
Metabolismo urbano ed ecosystem services nella pianificazione degli spazi aperti: un’ipotesi per la Piana di Lucca
No full textA GIS-Based Model for the Enhancement of Rural Landscapes: The Case Study of Valdera—Tuscany (Italy)
Full text linkComplexity in planning and programming applied to rural landscape and territories was increased by the new approach of the European Landscape Convention and the growing awareness on the role of rural landscapes in providing Ecosystem Services. While the scientific debate is still going on, one of the main challenges is how to operationalize the new attitude and knowledge about the role played by landscape in general, and not only by historical and high valued landscapes. New instruments are needed to maintain and enhance everyday landscape taking into account that it is a living and evolving system. These instruments ask for multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches based on a holistic knowledge system. GIS techniques allow taking into account both spatial distribution of elements/information and their physical relations, which are paramount for the analysis of interventions about landscape. This chapter presents an expedite model for identifying policy actions aiming to protect, maintain and manage rural territories. The model has been tested on a case-study area located in Tuscany (Italy), and it identifies a set of spatialized indicators, for which it is possible to compute a cardinal or ordinal value, to be used to individuate suitable actions. While the case-study analysis is necessarily bounded by rules stated by the Tuscan administration and by the context within it was developed, the philosophy underpinning the proposed methodology may well be extended to other territories and countries. Results show that it is possible to provide simplified operative tools able to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of territorial governance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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