1,720,988 research outputs found
IMMUNOTERAPIA SPECIFICA E MALATTIA IgG4-CORRELATA: STUDIO EPIDEMIOLOGICO DI UN CENTRO DI RIFERIMENTO ITALIANO
No full textClinical, Histologic, and Safety Outcomes With Long-term Maintenance Therapies for Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textBackground & aims: Our aim was to evaluate the outcomes of maintenance treatments for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) among observational studies (OSs) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Materials and methods: Studies reporting histologic success of maintenance therapy ≥48 weeks were included. The primary outcome was histologic success rate (defined as <15/<6 eosinophils/high-power field). Risk ratios (RRs) for histologic success of maintenance therapy vs placebo or induction and drug safety were also assessed. Random effects meta-analyses with heterogeneity measured with I2 were performed. RCTs and OSs were analyzed separately.
Results: In RCTs, histologic <15 eosinophils/high-power field rates were 86% (95% confidence interval [CI], 71%-96%) for corticosteroids and 79% (95% CI, 69%-87%) for biologics. Dupilumab alone accounted for 82% (95% CI, 72%-89%), whereas small molecules yielded 28%. Biologics showed higher <6 eosinophils/high-power field rates compared with corticosteroids (70% vs 59%). Clinical success was 58% (95% CI, 31%-83%) for corticosteroids and 59% (95% CI, 34%-82%) for biologics. Budesonide showed common-effect adjusted RR of 7.87 (95% CI, 4.19-14.77) of maintaining histologic remission over therapy discontinuation. In OSs, proton pump inhibitors showed 64% (95% CI, 43%-83%) histologic and 80% (95% CI, 53%-97%) clinical success, whereas corticosteroids achieved 49% (95% CI, 30%-68%) and 51% (95% CI, 18%-83%) rates, respectively. Therapy de-escalation was not associated with histologic relapse (RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.72-1.51). Long-term safety was confirmed with 3% (95% CI, 1%-6%) severe adverse events in RCTs and 5% (95% CI, 2%-9%) in OSs. Treatment withdrawal rates were low (10% for RCTs, 4% for OSs). Moderate to substantial heterogeneity was observed for most outcomes.
Conclusions: Maintenance therapies prevent histologic relapse in the long term, without clear disadvantage of dose de-escalation from induction to maintenance phase. Low adverse events and withdrawal rates confirm long-term treatment is well-tolerated
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
From Pathogenesis to Treatment: Targeting Type-2 Inflammation in Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Full text linkEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the esophagus. EoE shares a common pathogenetic mechanism with other chronic disorders pertaining to the type 2 inflammatory spectrum, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The recent advancements in EoE pathogenesis understanding have unveiled new molecular targets implied within the "atopic march" picture as well as specific to EoE. These discoveries have led to the clinical evaluation of several novel drugs (monoclonal antibodies and immune modulators), specifically aimed at the modulation of Th2 inflammation. In this comprehensive review, we have focused on the subtle mechanisms of type 2 inflammatory disorders, highlighting the similarities and differences with EoE, taking a deeper look into the evolving field of biologic therapies, already approved or under current investigation
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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