99 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Sex and gender-stratified risks of psychological factors for incident ischemic heart disease and prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis: S&G-stratified meta-analysis of psychological risk factors for IHD
No full textWe assessed sex and gender (S&G)-related risks of psychological factors for the development (incidence) and progression (prognosis) of IHD in a meta-analysis. This data package contains summaries and relevant files of the steps that we followed.
Background:
Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO. Studies examining depression, anxiety, social support, anger/hostility, personality, post-traumatic stress disorder, and psychological distress for the incidence or prognosis of IHD were included. Screening and data-extraction were performed in duplicate. Authors (n=187) were asked to provide S&G-stratified data, when not present in the article. Random-effect analyses including subgroup analyses (e.g. on age, sample size, follow-up time, and type of IHD) were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. Primary analyses included 2,373,326 women and 3,441,773 men
The association between diabetes and an episode of depressive symptoms in the 2002 World Health Survey: an analysis of 231 797 individuals from 47 countries
No full textAIMS: Depression is common in people with diabetes and increases the risk of poor health outcomes, including premature mortality. We explored the association between diabetes and an episode of depressive symptoms in a cross-sectional multinational study, which included a large number of low- and middle-income non-Western countries.METHODS: Data from 47 countries of the 2002 World Health Organization World Health Survey were used, including 231 797 adults (mean age 41 years, 53% female). Diabetes was assessed by self-report of diagnosis or treatment. The presence of an episode of depressive symptoms was assessed by self-report using an algorithm based on DSM-IV criteria. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to quantify associations between diabetes and episodes of depressive symptoms in the entire sample and for countries aggregated into four continents: Africa, South America, Asia and Europe. Odds ratios were adjusted for age, sex, education, BMI, smoking and physical activity level.RESULTS: The prevalence of diabetes (mean 3.6%, range 0.2-13%) and episodes of depressive symptoms (mean 7.9%, range 0.4-38%) differed widely across countries. Globally, individuals with diabetes had increased odds of an episode of depressive symptoms compared with those without diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 2.36, 95% confidence interval 1.91-2.92). Similar associations were found in South America, Asia and Europe (odds ratio > 1.97), but not in Africa (odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.54-1.37).CONCLUSIONS: Globally, diabetes is associated with a twofold increased prevalence of an episode of depressive symptoms, except in Africa. Given the worldwide rise in diabetes in the coming decades, and the increased risk of poor diabetes outcomes associated with co-morbid depression, studies examining mechanisms and interventions are necessary
Genderverschillen in psychologische klachten bij ischemische hartziekte
No full textPsychologische klachten, zoals angst, depressieve stemming en stress, zijn een risico voor zowel het ontstaan als het verergeren van ischemische hartziekten (IHD). Hoewel vrouwen meer psychologische klachten rapporteren dan mannen, is onderzoek naar genderverschillen in het cardiale risico van psychologische klachten beperkt. Cardiologische studies richten zich met name op het klassieke patroon van obstructief coronairlijden, dat drie maal vaker bij mannen dan bij vrouwen voorkomt. Vrouwen hebben vaker varianten van IHD, zoals een myocardinfarct bij niet-obstructief coronairlijden, een spontane coronairdissectie, ischemie bij niet obstructief coronairlijden, coronairspasme en microvasculaire angina pectoris. Juist bij deze varianten van IHD zijn er in toenemende mate aanwijzingen dat psychologische klachten een belangrijke rol spelen. Voor patiënten en hun behandelaars is het zinvol te weten dat sombere en angstige gevoelens vaker voorkomen bij hartpatiënten, ook bij niet-traditionele uitingsvormen van IHD, en dat deze klachten behandelbaar zijn
The psychophysiology of burnout
No full textBurnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, feelings of depersonalisation and reduced professional competence. It is an adverse health outcome to chronic work-related stress and insufficient recovery. The main aim of this thesis was to search for physiological disturbances in persons with severe burnout. HPA-axis function, salivary DHEAS, and in vitro immune function were investigated in clinically diagnosed burnout participants. Diagnosis was based on ICD-10 criteria for 'work-related neurasthenia' in combination with a semi-structured DSM-IV interview. Contrary to initial findings in a pilot-study, the cortisol awakening response (CAR), the cortisol decline during the day and cortisol suppression after a low-dose dexamethasone (DST) intake were not different in a burnout group compared to a healthy control group. The burnout related complaints; fatigue, depressive symptoms, sleep quality, and general psychopathology were significantly reduced after a treatment period, remained stable at follow-up but did not show complete recovery. There were no longitudinal changes in the CAR or DST and a small decline in the day-curve. A decrease in exhaustion and depression after treatment were related to a decrease and an increase respectively of the CAR after treatment and at follow-up, however this finding explained little variance of the changes between and within the burnout group. There were no other correlations with the complaints. The burnout group showed significantly higher DHEAS levels. Stimulated monocytes produced more of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in burnout, but no change was observed in the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ and IL-10 resp.) release by PHA-stimulated T-cells, nor in pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) release of LPS stimulated monocytes. No changes were observed in circulating T-cells, B-cells or NK-cells. In addition, the capacity of dexamethasone to regulate cytokine release in vitro was not different between the burnout and the control group. We conclude that there is no predictive or diagnostic value for cortisol in severe burnout. There may be a role for DHEAS. The increased IL-10 release by monocytes may be the basis of an increased sensitivity for common cold- or flu-like symptoms in burnout, however the HPA-axis does not appear to be involved
Placebo-controlled comparison of prazosin and cognitive-behavioral treatments for sleep disturbances in US Military Veterans
No full textPsychological and clinical characteristics of female patients with spontaneous coronary artery dissection
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225499.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Aims: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is increasingly recognised as a cause of myocardial infarction, but psychological characteristics of patients with SCAD have not yet been extensively investigated. We assessed the prevalence of a broad range of psychological and clinical factors, and their inter-relationships in patients with a history of SCAD. Furthermore, we investigated whether specific clusters of patients with SCAD can be identified. Methods: Participants were recruited between March and May 2019 from a Dutch SCAD database and completed online questionnaires. Clinical information was verified by review of medical records. Participants were predominantly female (172/183; 94%). Analyses focused on the 172 female patients (mean age 52.0 ± 7.5 years, 37% postmenopausal). Results: The most common comorbidities of SCAD were migraine (52%), fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD; 29%), chronic pain (29%), and tinnitus (28%). Six women (3%) had pregnancy-associated SCAD. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were rare (<10%), except for hypertension (31%). Psychological assessment indicated high levels of perceived stress (PSS-10 ≥14; 50%), fatigue (FAS-10 ≥22; 56%), and a frequent history of burnout (25%). The prevalence of depression (9%) and anxiety (12%) was relatively low. Three clusters were identified: (A) FMD and chronic non-ischaemic conditions (tinnitus, chronic pain, and irritable bowel syndrome); (B) migraine; and (C) none of these conditions. Conclusion: This study shows that perceived stress and fatigue are common in patients with SCAD, in addition to prevalent comorbid FMD, migraine, tinnitus, and non-ischaemic pain conditions. These factors may add to developing tailored rehabilitation programmes for patients with SCAD. Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (10.1007/s12471-020-01437-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
Long-term follow-up of psychosocial distress after early onset preeclampsia: the Preeclampsia Risk EValuation in FEMales cohort study
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170899.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)OBJECTIVE: To examine long-term psychosocial distress in women with a history of early onset preeclampsia (PE) compared to a comparison group. METHODS: Women with and without a history of early onset PE participating in the 'Preeclampsia Risk EValuation in FEMales' (PREVFEM) study were sent questionnaires, on average 14.1 years (SD = 3.2, range 5-23 years) after the index pregnancy. In total 265 (77%) women with PE and 268 (78%) age-matched women without PE returned questionnaires (mean age 43.5, SD =4.6 years). Group differences were examined on indicators of psychosocial distress, depressive symptoms, anxiety, fatigue, loneliness, marital quality, trait optimism and Type D personality, and unadjusted and adjusted for a priori chosen and study-specific covariates. In secondary analyses, the effect of previously detected hypertension was examined, as well as pregnancy-related events within the PE group. RESULTS: Women with a history of PE reported more subsequent depressive symptoms (B = 0.70, 95% CI 0.09-1.32, p = 0.026) and more fatigue (B = 1.12, 95% CI 0.07-2.18, p = 0.037) compared to the non-PE group, but the differences explained less than 1% of the variance. The differences remained after adjustment for age, BMI and education level, and additional adjustment for partner, being unemployed and physical activity. No significant differences were observed for anxiety, loneliness, marital quality, optimism, or Type D personality. These differences were not explained by four-year previously measured elevated blood pressure in the PE group. Having had a stillborn child or early neonatal death during the index pregnancy was associated with higher depressive symptoms, anxiety, fatigue, and loneliness in the PE group, but these factors explained only a small proportion of the variance in these psychosocial distress factors. CONCLUSION: A history of early PE is associated with slightly higher levels of depressive symptoms and fatigue on average 14 years later, but this is unlikely to be of clinical relevance
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