1,720,989 research outputs found
Évaluation et prise en charge des troubles visuels de l’ancien prématuré
No full textAu cours des dernières années, un intérêt croissant s’est manifesté pour l’étude des conséquences des lésions cérébrales précoces. Les troubles visuels sont des séquelles fréquentes de naissance prématurée : ils peuvent être le résultat d’une atteinte périphérique (rétine ou nerf optique), mais peuvent aussi impliquer largement les voies visuelles à différents niveaux des structures cérébrales. Les troubles neurovisuels (causés par des atteintes ou des dysfonctionnements des voies visuelles rétrogéniculées) sont l’une des causes majeures de troubles visuels chez les prématurés. Cela découle à la fois de l’augmentation du taux de survie des enfants nés prématurés (qui sont potentiellement à risque de lésions cérébrales) et de l’amélioration de la capacité à diagnostiquer le déficit visuel, même à un âge très précoce, ce qui nous a permis de mieux cerner les situations cliniques complexes et/ou auparavant non identifiées. Les profils cliniques de troubles visuels sont très hétérogènes, selon le niveau auquel sont impliquées les voies visuelles et en raison de la neuroplasticité et des influences environnementales qui peuvent induire une réorganisation des fonctions visuelles en pleine maturation. Récemment, la recherche s’est centrée sur le déficit des capacités visuelles supérieures chez le prématuré, en lien avec les processus de traitement de la voie dorsale et de la voie ventrale. Ces troubles, désignés comme « troubles de la cognition visuelle », peuvent être associés à des troubles neurophtalmologiques ou constituer les principales expressions cliniques des troubles neurovisuels. L’existence de nombreux symptômes variés rend les dysfonctionnements visuels cognitifs difficiles à définir et à détecter, surtout quand un enfant présente des formes plus discrètes de déficience visuelle qui pourraient participer aux difficultés d’apprentissage et d’autonomie dans la vie quotidienne. Malgré cette hétérogénéité et cette variabilité, l’identification précoce d’un trouble neurovisuel est indispensable, car elle peut conduire à la mise en place de la prise en charge à un moment où le potentiel d’utilisation des processus de maturation, de plasticité et d’adaptation du système visuel est maximal. Il est évidemment essentiel que les professionnels qui entrent en contact avec ces enfants soient en mesure de reconnaître les signes d’appel
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Cognitive approaches in the rehabilitation of upper limbs function in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textINTRODUCTION: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the predominant cause of children disability. It is characterized by motor, sensory, and postural deficits due to a non-progressive injury to the developing central nervous system. In recent years, new rehabilitation techniques targeting the central representations of motor patterns have been introduced: the most used are action observation therapy (AOT), motor imagery (MI), and mirror therapy (MT). Aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of these cognitive strategies on the recovery of upper limb motor functions in children with CP. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: This study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023403794). For the report and methodological definitions of this study, the recommendations of the PRISMA protocol and the Cochrane collaboration, were followed. A total of 3 electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for relevant Randomized Control Trials (RCT) using the combinations of terms "cerebral palsy" AND "action observation" OR "motor imagery" OR "mirror therapy" OR "cognitive therapy." A meta-analysis was carried out to compare cognitive and conventional approaches and combine direct and indirect effects. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to derive pooled effect estimates. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Out of 328 records, 12 RCTs were analyzed in this systematic review published from 2012 to 2022, and included 375 children, of whom 195 received cognitive therapies, and 180 underwent conventional rehabilitation. AOT was the most investigated (RCTs N.=7), and showed significant results in the recovery of upper limb motor functions, albeit the meta-analysis demonstrated a non-significant difference in Melbourne Unilateral Upper limb Scale (MUUL) (95% CI:-7.34, 12); in Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) (95% CI:-4.84, 10.74), and in AbilHand-Kids Questionnaire (95% CI:-1.12, 1.45). Five RCTs investigated MT showing significant improvements in grip and dexterity; none used MI as intervention therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive therapies provided with encouraging results in the recovery of upper limb motor functions, although not a clinical effect in bimanual or unimanual performance; they could represent a valid therapeutic solution integrated to conventional rehabilitation in the treatment of upper limb motor impairment in children with CP
- …
