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Fecundación in vitro: política criminal e intervención legislativa en Costa Rica
No full textTesis (licenciatura en derecho)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Derecho, 2018El 'Caso FIV' ha traído a Costa Rica una serie de consecuencias que aún son difíciles de asimilar por parte de las autoridades estatales y por la sociedad misma. El paradigma que supone el levantamiento de la prohibición de la FIV, luego de más de 16 años de estar proscrita en esta Nación, lleva a examinar una arista poco analizada dentro todo el complejo fenómeno que configura la incorporación de esta técnica al ordenamiento jurídico costarricense. Las resoluciones de la Corte IDH en el Caso Artavia Murillo y Otros vs. Costa Rica, representan una nueva esperanza para todas aquellas personas que buscan ser padres o madres mediante esta técnica de reproducción asistida. Nuestro país se había convertido en el único Estado en todo el mundo que la prohibía expresamente, razón que por demás justificó la decisión de la Corte de constituirse en el mayor óbice del hasta entonces poder ilimitado que parecía tener la Sala Constitucional, autora material de esta tremenda violación sistemática y generalizada a los derechos humanos. Nuestro examen se centra en dilucidar cuál podría ser la mejor forma de tutelar el régimen sancionatorio que es inherente a la entrada en vigor de esta TRA a la realidad patria. Es justamente por la imposibilidad de regular esta materia cercenadora de derechos fundamentales, en otra que no sea la ley, y por la inexistencia de un tipo genérico de mal praxis médica, que nuestro país demanda la intervención de su Asamblea Legislativa para que, mediante la más correcta técnica legislativa, se formulen los tipos penales que resulten necesarios, según la política criminal que sea definida para afrontar la problemática. Para ello, se brindarán insumos accesorios para que el legislador cuente con un producto integral, que contenga elementos de alto valor que deben estar dentro de esa emisión legal, como el control de convencionalidad, la bioética, la perspectiva de género, secularidad, seguridad social...Inglés: The 'FIV Case' has brought to Costa Rica a series of consequences that are still difficult to assimilate by the state authorities and by society itself The paradigm change, that supposes the lifting ofthe prohibition ofthe IVF, a/ter more than 16years ofbeing proscribed in this nation, takes us to examine different angles, within ali the complex phenomenon that configures the incorporation ofthis technique to the Costa Rican legal system. The resolutions ofthe Inter-American Court in the Case of Artavia Murillo et al. vs. Costa Rica, represent a new hope for ali those people who seek to become parents throughout this technique of assisted reproduction. Our country had become the only State in the world that expressly prohibited this modern technique. A reason thatjustified the decision ofthe Court to become the main and only hindrance for until now, unlimited power that seemed to have the Constitutional Chamber; material author of this tremendous systematic and widespread violation o/human rights. Our examination focuses on clarifying what could be the best way to protect the sanctioning regime that is inherent in the entry ofthis TRA to the homeland reality. It is precise/y because of the impossibility of regulating this matter that it could be a curtailment of fundamental rights, in a way other than the law, and by the inexistence of a generic type of medica/ malpractice, that our country demands the intervention of its Legislative Assembly for that, by means of the most correct legislative technique, the criminal types that are necessary are formulated, according to the criminal policy that is defined to face the problem. To achieve this purpose, accessory supplies wm be provided so that the legislator has an integral product, containing elements of high value that must be included in this legal issue, such as the control of conventionality, bioethics, the gender perspective, secularity, social security and others, which must...Francés: L'affaire FIV' a amené au Costa Rica une série de conséquences qui sont encare difficiles a assimiler par les autorités estatales et meme par la société. Le paradigme qui suppose la levée de l'interdiction de la FIV, apres plus de 16 ans de proscription dans cette nation, nous amene a examiner une partie peu analysée dans tout le phénomene complexe qui configure l'incorporation de cette technique au systeme juridique costaricien. Les résolutions de la Cour Interaméricaine sur /'affaire Artavia Murillo et al. vs. Costa Rica, représente un nouvel espoir pour toutes les personnes qui cherchent adevenir peres ou meres a travers cette technique de reproduction assistée. Notre pays était devenu le seul état du monde qui l'interdisait expressément, raison qui justifie la décision de la Cour de devenir le obstacle principal de pouvoir illimité qui semblait avoir la Salle Constitutionnelle, auteur de cette terrible violation systématique et généralisée des droits de l'homme. Notre examen vise à clarijier ce qui pourrait être le meilleur moyen de garder le régime de sanctions inhérent à l'entrée en vigueur de ce TRA ala réalité du pays d'origine. C'est justement acause de l'impossibilité de réglementer ce matériel fondamental, dans un autre qui n 'est pas la loi, et a cause de l'inexistence d'une faute médica/e générique, que notre pays exige l'intervention de son Assemblée Législative pour que, au moyen de la technique législative la plus correcte, les types criminels qui sont nécessaires sont formulés, selon la poli tique criminelle qui est définie pour /aire face au probleme. Pour cela, des fournitures accessoires seront fournies pour que le législateur ait un produit intégral, contenant des éléments de grande valeur qui doivent etre inclus dans cette question juridique, tels que le controle des conventions, la bioéthique, la perspective de genre, la laïcité, la sécurité sociale...UCR::Docencia::Ciencias Sociales::Facultad de Derech
Fecundación in vitro: política criminal e intervención legislativa en Costa Rica
No full textUCR::Docencia::Ciencias Sociales::Facultad de Derech
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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