1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The gut microbiota of pregnant women with gestational diabetes and emergence of macrosomia
Full text linkČrevesna mikrobiota ima pomembno vlogo za razvoj in zdravje človeka. Črevesne disbioze so povezane s številnimi obolenji, vključno s sladkorno boleznijo in debelostjo. Pojavnost obeh, kakor tudi gestacijskega diabetesa mellitus (GDM) zlasti v razvitem svetu narašča. GDM je eden od pomembnih dejavnikov tveganja za rojstvo otroka s preveliko telesno maso, kar imenujemo makrosomija. Slednja predstavlja nevarnost za obporodne poškodbe ter za pojav debelosti in sladkorne bolezni tipa 2 pri otrocih. Zanimalo nas je ali obstajajo povezave med črevesno mikrobioto matere z GDM in pojavom makrosomije. V raziskavo smo vključili 47 nosečnic z GDM in opredelili glavne razlike med mikrobioto nosečnic z GDM, ki so rodile makrosomnega otroka v primerjavi s skupino z nemakrosomnim otrokom. 30 odstotkov nosečnic z GDM je rodilo makrosomnega otroka. Iz 18 vzorcev fecesa v našo raziskavo vključenih nosečnic smo izolirali celokupno DNA in opravili metataksonomsko analizo. V ta namen smo sekvencirali gene za 16S rRNA iz fecesa nosečnic 2. in 3. trimestra (skupaj 36 metagenomov). Na nivoju debel je bila poglavitna razlika med skupinama v relativni zastopanosti Firmicutes in Proteobacteria. Dokazali smo nižji odstotek Firmicutes in višji delež Proteobacteria v skupini nosečnic z makrosomnim otrokom, na račun nižjega odstotka razreda Clostridia in višjega vrste Bilophila wadsworthia. Zaradi naravno raznolike mikrobiote pri posameznikih z analizo sekvenciranega gena za 16S rRNA pogosto ne vidimo jasnih korelacij med sestavo mikrobiote in preučevanim fenotipom gostitelja. Poleg tega zaradi plastičnosti genomov nekaterih bakterijskih vrst lahko na fenotip gostitelja vplivajo le določeni sevi, ki jih s tarčnim sekvenciranjem ne razlikujemo med sabo. V ta namen smo v doktorskem delu okarakterizirali bakterijsko vrsto Escherichia coli. Nosečnice z GDM, ki so rodile makrosomnega otroka so imele v fecesu drugačne populacije E. coli kot nosečnice, ki so rodile nemakrosomnega otroka. Pokazali smo tudi, da je struktura populacij E. coli odvisna od več dejavnikov med drugim od indeksa telesne mase nosečnice pred zanositvijo in od uživanja dodatkov železa ter, da se filogenetska skupina B2 pojavlja v mikrobioti z višjo pestrostjo taksonov v primerjavi z ostalimi filogenetskimi skupinami. Posebno pozornost smo namenili genotoksinom, saj prevalenca sevov E. coli iz skupine B2, ki imajo pogosto zapise za sintezo genotoksinov, v razvitem svetu narašča. 42 odstotkov izolatov iz skupine B2 je imelo zapis za kolibaktin in zapis se je izključno pojavil pri filogenetski skupini B2. Kar 95,5 odstotka izolatov iz B2 je imelo genski zapis za Usp ter tudi 90 odstotkov izolatov iz skupine F. Producent genotoksina je zaščiten pred delovanjem lastnega toksina. Mehanizmi zaščite lahko delujejo širše in zaščitijo bakterijo tudi pred drugimi toksini, kar verjetno daje selektivno prednost sevom, ki se srečujejo s stresnimi pogoji tudi v gostitelju.The gut microbiota plays an important role in human development and health. Gut dysbiosis has been associated with many diseases, including diabetes and obesity. The incidence of both as well as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing especially in the developed countries. GDM is one of the important risk factors for the birth of an overweight baby, called macrosomia. The latter is associated with birth-related injuries of mother and child as well as increased risk of obesity and diabetes type 2 of the child. In the doctoral thesis, we investigated whether there were links between the gut microbiota of the GDM-women and the occurrence of macrosomia. The study included 47 GDM-women. We defined the main differences between the microbiota of GDM-women with macrosomic baby and the microbiota of GDM-women with non-macrosomic baby. 30 percent of GDM-women gave birth to a macrosomic baby. 18 metagenomes from feces, from the 2nd and 3rd trimesters (in total 36 metagenomes) were included in the NGS analyzes of 16S rRNA gene sequences. At the phyla level, the main differences between the groups were in the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. We detected a lower percentage of Firmicutes and a higher percentage of Proteobacteria in the group of GDM-women with a macrosomic baby, due to a lower percentage of Clostridia and higher levels of Bilophila wadsworthia. However, we often find that NGS data do not always show clear correlations between microbiota composition and the studied host phenotype, due to microbiota interindividual diversity. In addition, due to genome plasticity of certain bacterial species, only particular strains, which cannot be identified by target sequencing, can be responsible for a particular phenotype. Therefore, we characterized bacteria Escherichia coli. GDM-women who gave birth to a macrosomal baby had different populations of E. coli in the faeces compared to GDM-women who gave birth to a normal weight baby. We have also shown that the structures of E. coli populations depend on several factors, including the body mass index before pregnancy and the consumption of iron supplements, and also that E. coli from B2 phylogroup is associated with microbiota with higher taxa richness. We paid special attention to genotoxins as the prevalence of E. coli strains from B2 group, that often carries genes for genotoxins, has increased significantly in developed countries. 42 percent of the isolates from B2 group had a gene for colibactin and gene was exclusively present in the B2 phylogenetic group. As many as 95,5 percent of B2 isolates had a gene for Usp and also 90 percent of isolates from F group. The genotoxin producer is protected against the action of its own toxin. Mechanisms to protect a producer from the action of their own toxin can act more broadly and can protect the bacteria from other toxins, presumably providing a selective advantage for bacterial strains encountering stressful conditions also within the host
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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