197 research outputs found
Brain Stimulation Techniques in Research and Clinical Practice: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Therapeutic Potential in Parkinson’s Disease
No full textParkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a range of motor and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) that significantly impact patients’ quality of life. This review aims to synthesize the current literature on the application of brain stimulation techniques, including non-invasive methods such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS), and transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), as well as invasive approaches like deep brain stimulation (DBS). We explore the efficacy and safety profiles of these techniques in alleviating both motor impairments, such as bradykinesia and rigidity, and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive decline, depression, and impulse control disorders. Current findings indicate that while non-invasive techniques present a favorable safety profile and are effective for milder symptoms, invasive methods like DBS provide significant relief for severe cases that are unresponsive to other treatments. Future research is needed to optimize stimulation parameters, establish robust clinical protocols, and expand the application of these technologies across various stages of PD. This review underscores the potential of brain stimulation as a vital therapeutic tool in managing PD, paving the way for enhanced treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes
Bibliometric Review of Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Research Journal: 2011-2018
No full textAim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the bibliometric indicators of articles published in Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Research Journal (MUETRJ) during the period of 2011-18.
Methodology: The data of publications published in MUETAJ was downloaded from website of e-journal and analyzed various bibliometric attributes during July 2017 to 15th January 2018. The pattern of authorship, gender-wise distribution of first author, page-length of articles and institutional affiliation of the first author of publications were calculated and analyzed. Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheet was prepared for data analysis.
Results: Total 582 articles published in 32 issues of 8 volumes during the projected period with average of 18.1% articles per issue and 72.75 articles per year. Total 1777 authors contributed with an average of 3 authors per article in MUETRJ. A gender-wise distribution showed that number of male authors were much higher (n=1551; 87.2%) as compare to females authors (n=226; 12.7%). A majority of articles were written by multi-authored (n=570; 97.3%) as opposite to single author (n=12; 2%). Most the articles (n=140; 24%) have 10 pages length followed by 8 pages length (n=136; 23.7%). It was observed that Mehran University of Engineering & Technology presented itself as major contributor with 258 articles (44.3%).
Conclusion: The participation of 96 national and international institutes related to engineering and technological sciences in publishing research papers shows their confidence in MUETRJ
Pathogen simulation using soil and water tool (SWAT) model and bacteroides source tracking technique
No full textThe Upper Salem River Watershed (USRW), located in southern New Jersey, is listed as impaired for pathogens by The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) (NJDEP 2011). A 2003 Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for the watershed recommended the use of pathogen source tracking to identify pathogen sources and develop a quantitative model to simulate pathogen pollution in the watershed (NJDEP 2003). This research comprises three parts: a) Fecal coliform and E. coli simulation using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the USRW; this is the first study to conduct sensitivity analysis, calibration and validation of the SWAT model for two widely used pathogen indicators for multiple sampling stations in one watershed. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that pathogen input is the most sensitive parameter in the simulation of both indicators. Fecal coliform and E. coli simulation at five of six sampling stations generally showed good calibration and validation based on Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency values (0.04 to 0.71). b) Investigation of temperature effects on the persistence of bovine-Bacteroides; the primary goal of this part of the research was to identify the decay rate of bovine- Bacteroides in stream water at 4°C, 20°C and 30°C. The decay constant of bovine-Bacteroides was calculated between 0.01 h-1 in the mesocosm incubated at 4°C to 0.05 h-1 in the mesocosm at 30°C. Comparison of this study with other similar studies indicates that as temperature increased, a greater discrepancy in compared constant values was observed. c) Pathogen source tracking was done using a multiple linear regression analysis in the USRW. The primary goals of this research phase were to use a bovine-Bactreroides source tracking technique to investigate if bovine feces are a contributing pathogen source to the river system and to identify the spatial distribution of bovine pathogen discharge to the USRW. The results of the simulated model showed agreement with the potential bovine distribution sources (i.e., animal feeding facilities). A probability of occurrence map of bovine derived pathogens was also developed to spatially identify which sub-watersheds have greater likelihood of pathogen contributions from bovine sources.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Mehran Niaz
ASO Author Reflections: Transdiaphragmatic Approach for Simultaneous Resection of Colorectal Liver and Lung Metastases
No full textSimultaneous resection of colorectal cancer, liver and lung metastase
A Comparative Investigation of the Relation of R&D Expenditures to Economic Growth in a Group of the Less Developed Countries and OECD Countries
No full textThis research attend to relation between expenditures of research & development & economic growth in two groups of less developed & OECD countries with a panel data model & statistical inputs of less developed countries & developed countries, we survey effect quantity of these expenditures on economic growth in two groups of countries. The first question appearance is that the research is more importance for OECD countries. These countries allocate huge budget to research & development, that in 30 of OECD countries cost %81 of total R&D of the world however, less develop countries allocate little expenditure to the part of R&D thus coefficients of R&D variable show that investment in research is more effected in economic growth of OECD countries as compared with less developed countries. This show that less developed countries allocate their little budgets of R&D to ceremonial affair & they don’t pass of research stage to technology that industry needs but OECD countries can to reduce the result of this researches to productive crops, presses & services
Determinants of Human Resource Productivity in Iran
No full textAccording to the modern growth theory, the accumulation of human capital is an important contributor to economic growth. Investment in human resources and educating and training human force to learn different skills to advance the production process can improve the production quality and leads to efficient use of material capital and optimum utilization of them through improving the skill and proficiency of the workforce, making them efficient and increasing capabilities. The results of the studies on the role of Human resources in economic growth from 1966 up to now show that the better utilization of workforce, effective utilization of capitals and physical equipments, using the best skilled expert workforce, utilization of advanced equipments and machinery with advanced technologies and the proficiency of more efficient and desired resources of production factors improves the economic growth of Iran. This research show that Iran’s economy, with 6% growth potential, hopes for improving the skill of human resources, labors and experts to change the current economic growth rate of 4.5% to over 8%
High frequency monoloithic integrated circuits for communication systems
No full textThe wavelengths of interest in today's communication systemfront-ends are in the same order of magnitude as the availabledevices and circuit sizes. So the wave nature of theinformation can not be neglected. Concurrently, the urge formore compact solutions, higher performance and lower cost,pushes the degree of integration to such complexities that itcan simply not be handled by a uniform design platform (atleast until 1996), using "classical"-design approaches in apractical manner.Depending on the nature of the application,the focus on the object to be optimized, changes. Novel blockarchitectures, adapted to high speed operation, as well as newcircuit topologies and a comprehensive understanding of thesignal propagation through the devices and circuit arenecessary.In this work, a common design methodology was used torealize Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSICs) of variouscharacteristics in a unified platform consisting ofcommercially available CAD-software.The necessary routines for automatic extraction ofinterconnect parasitics were implemented in commercial IC-CADsoftware (Cadence DFWII). The implementation allows choice ofinterconnect-parasitics based on "pure-capacitive", "RC-" orthird order "LRC-" filter. DC-lines and HF-lines are recognizedand allowed to be treated differently. Eye-diagram simulationson CMOS and bipolar gates on Si and HBT gates on InP, emulatingMSI Very High Speed circuits, showed expected behaviour of theeffect of interconnect on signal integrity at high bitrates inCMOS-DCL and bipolar ECL/CML topologies.The routines were used to implement novel high speedchannel-encoder/decoder circuits. The circuits are aimed forapplications in parallel fiber optical communication links toachieve true DC-coupled transmission. The circuits wereoperational up to 1.3 Gb/s realized in Si-bipolar technology.All the circuits were operation after the first processingroundA number of new circuit approaches were utilized inrealizing a chip-set in InP-HBT technology for 40 Gb/slightwave communication systems. On-wafer measurements havebeen performed to verify circuit operations. As far asavailable measurement capabilities showed, all circuits arefunctionally fulfilling specifications for 40 Gb/s operation atless than or equal to 3 volts supply voltage. During the designphase especially the influence of interconnects on signalintegrity was investigated using the implemented routines. Allthe circuits were operational after the first processing round.No redesign was necessary. In addition to the above chip-set,an asynchronous 2 X 2 crosspoint switch in the same technologywas designed fabricated and characterized for an electronicsdemonstrator of the link and WDM applications. BER-measurementsat 20 Gb/s show no erroneous transmission. The eye-diagram at25 Gb/s was clearly open. Smallsignal transmissionmeasurements, show potential for 40 Gb/s operation already at2V supply voltage.Finally the first analysis on two unpublished work ispresented. One on all-transistor high frequency bipolaroscillator with wide tuning range and the other on analysis ofdata regeneration part of a very high speed (>10 Gb/s)bitrate transparent 3R repeater.</p
مسافر : Mosafer (the Traveller)
No full textThis thesis poses questions about the preservation of culture and language amongst generations of Iranian immigrants living in North America. It investigates the socio-cultural implications of hybridity as they relate to interethnic exchange and the globalizing process of travel and translation. Working with notions of “third space” or “the space in-between” (Clifford,1992; Bhabha, 1994) and Farzad Sharifian’s research on the globalization of English (2012), this work explores how the use of the hybrid language Persian-English affects an Iranian sense of identity in a globalized world. Susan Stewart’s discussion on the agency of objects to generate narratives which are central to a cultural experience (1993) is discussed as it applies to the use of objects in the artworks being examined in this paper. An analysis of several contemporary autoethnographic works from recent art history, such as Mona Hatoum’s Measures of Distance (1988), Zineb Sedira’s Mother Tongue (2002), and Ala Ebtekar’s Elemental (2004), is used to form a basis for a discussion of hybrid identity and how inherited language can complicate cultural exchange. The artistic projects that come out of this research are Ma Miaeem va Miravim (We Come and Go), 2016, and Soghat (Souvenir), 2017. Ma Miaeem va Miravim (We Come and Go) is an artist book based on the first-grade English book, We Come and Go (1954), which employs a hybrid translation of Persian-English—in which Persian words are written using the Roman alphabet. Soghat (Souvenir) is a series of sculptures made from everyday objects and string, which investigates how culture travels through objects. These artworks are discussed to explore ways in which meaning can be lost, gained, or altered, through the substitution of signifiers and the co-mingling of cultures
Book Review: Troubled Waters: Insecurity in the Persian Gulf, Mehran Kamrava (Cornell U. Press 2018)
No full textWhile the Persian Gulf region is no stranger to turmoil, recent developments have focused on Qatari citizens and residents who have been living under diplomatic and economic sanctions imposed by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Egypt. This blockade of Qatar on June 5, 2017, is another example of the persistent instability of the Persian Gulf region, and proves the need for an answer to the central premise of Troubled Waters: Insecurity in the Persian Gulf, which is posed in the first line of the Introduction: “Why is the Persian Gulf so chronically insecure?” (p. 1).
Author Mehran Kamrava’s extensive expertise in Middle Eastern politics proves invaluable in the analysis of the “troubled waters” of the Persian Gulf. The book focuses on factors contributing to ongoing conflict and instability in the region. It was against the backdrop of the blockade of Qatar and the use of—for the first time in the Arab Gulf region—cyber warfare, Twitter bot armies, and a misinformation campaign designed to create a narrative about Qatar’s role in financing terrorism, that I began reading the book
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