123,503 research outputs found
AS MANY LANGUAGES YOU KNOW, SO MANY INDIVIDUALS YOU ARE (interview with V. Moiseev)
No full textAs many languages you know, so many individuals you are (interview with V. Moiseev).</p
Numerical methods and time-dependent physical models for the design and diagnostic of pulsed-dc magnetrons
No full textPulsed DC operation of magnetrons is a relatively new sputtering technique that significantly improves the properties of deposited layers. The understanding and control of phenomena taking place during pulsed DC sputtering requires new time-resolved methods of investigation.
This thesis presents a comprehensive development of new methods for magnetron design and time-resolved plasma diagnostic, based on Monte Carlo simulations and timeresolved plasma physical models derived for a pulsed DC opposed target magnetron discharge with rectangular geometry.
The numerical methods have been developed and benchmarked by the author through extensive numerical experiments. A representative set of application examples is included. The time-resolved physical models for the pulse-on and pulse-off time discharge are based on the experimental data obtained by the author, which are presented as a basis for the interpretation.
The experimental data are obtained using new time-dependent diagnostic methods combining: I-V characteristics and waveforms, time and space-resolved Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and time and space-resolved Ion Energy Spectra (IBS).
The following original algorithms and new time-resolved plasma diagnostic methods arc
presented:
• Algorithm and method for Monte Carlo simulation of ion transport in the magnetron discharge, based on an original non-Runge-Kutta routine developed for calculating charged particles’ trajectories in complex, position dependent, magnetic and electric fields. The Monte Carlo simulation is used for evaluating the intensity of the pre-sheath electric field through calculations of the travel time to targets of Ar ions. The time-scale for the sputtering and selfsputtering processes is also evaluated.
A new method for time-resolved plasma diagnostic in pulsed DC discharges based on time and space-resolved OES using an acousto-optic spectrometer. The described method indicates the applicability conditions for electron temperature evaluations based on timeresolved OES. the procedure and interpretation of results. Based on time and space-resolved OES evaluations of electron temperatures, a model of the physical phenomena taking place in the pulsed DC discharge during the pulse-on time is developed.
A new method for time-resolved analysis of the Ion Energy Spectra at the substrate region in pulsed DC discharges using a mass-energy analyser. Experimental results and data analysis are presented and an original physical model for plasma behaviour during the pulse-off time is developed, explaining the mechanism for the observed increase in the ion flux and energy at substrate during pulsed DC discharges. The described model explains for the first time the above effects and allows the control of the ion flux and energy at the substrate from the choice of the pulsed DC duty cycle.
The developed plasma models and time-resolved diagnostic methods are discussed for nonferromagnetic(copper) and ferromagnetic (iron) targets and the observations are correlated in order to infer a global understanding of phenomena taking place in the pulsed DC discharge and at the substrate region
Cosmic views of N. N. Moiseev and their place in Russian cosmism / P. S. Karako
No full textРаскрывается содержание космических идей Н. Н. Моисеева, их место в системе русского космизма. Устанавливаются особенности постижения им биосферы и ее эволюции в ноосферу, специфика выражения научных знаний в соответствующих теоретических положениях. Подчеркивается важность обоснования космистом идеи коэволюции человека и биосферы, роли экологического и нравственного императивов в реализации данной идеи. Выявляется актуальность обоснованных Н. Н. Моисеевым положений относительно экологического образования и экологического воспитания учащихся и студентов и необходимости их осуществления в настоящее время.The article reveals the content of cosmic views of N. N. Moiseev, their place in the system of Russian cosmism. The features of the comprehension of the biosphere, its evolution into the noosphere and the expression of scientific knowledge in the relevant theoretical positions are revealed. Emphasizes the importance of the cosmist substantiation of the idea of coevolution of humankind and the biosphere, the role of environmental and moral imperatives in the implementation of this idea. Moreover the relevance of the provisions regarding the environmental education of pupils and students and the need for their implementation at the present time is proved
Cosmic views of N. N. Moiseev and their place in Russian cosmism / P. S. Karako
No full textРаскрывается содержание космических идей Н. Н. Моисеева, их место в системе русского космизма. Устанавливаются особенности постижения им биосферы и ее эволюции в ноосферу, специфика выражения научных знаний в соответствующих теоретических положениях. Подчеркивается важность обоснования космистом идеи коэволюции человека и биосферы, роли экологического и нравственного императивов в реализации данной идеи. Выявляется актуальность обоснованных Н. Н. Моисеевым положений относительно экологического образования и экологического воспитания учащихся и студентов и необходимости их осуществления в настоящее время.The article reveals the content of cosmic views of N. N. Moiseev, their place in the system of Russian cosmism. The features of the comprehension of the biosphere, its evolution into the noosphere and the expression of scientific knowledge in the relevant theoretical positions are revealed. Emphasizes the importance of the cosmist substantiation of the idea of coevolution of humankind and the biosphere, the role of environmental and moral imperatives in the implementation of this idea. Moreover the relevance of the provisions regarding the environmental education of pupils and students and the need for their implementation at the present time is proved
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
On the relationship between oil and exchange rates of oil-exporting and oil-importing countries: From the Great Recession period to the COVID-19 era
No full textThis paper is dedicated to studying and modeling the interdependence between the oil returns and exchange-rate movements of oil-exporting and oil-importing countries. Globally, twelve countries/regions are investigated, representing more than 60% and 67% of all oil exports and imports. The sample period encompasses economic and natural events like the Great Recession period (2007–2009) and the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the dynamic conditional correlation mixeddata sampling (DCC-MIDAS) model, with the aim of investigating the interdependencies expressed by the long-run correlation, which is a smoother (but always daily observed) version of the (daily) time-varying correlation. Focusing on the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the long-run correlations of the oil-exporting countries (Saudia Arabia, Russia, Iraq, Canada, United States, United Arab Emirates, and Nigeria) and (lagged) WTI crude oil returns strongly increase. For a subset of these countries (that is, Saudia Arabia, Iraq, United States, United Arab Emirates, and Nigeria), the (lagged) correlations turn out to be positive, while for Canada and Russia they remain negative as before the advent of the pandemic. In addition, the oil-importing countries and regions under investigation (Europe, China, India, Japan, and South Korea) experience a similar pattern: before the COVID-19 pandemic, the (lagged) correlations were negative for China, India, and South Korea. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the correlations of these latter countries increased
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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