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Disiplin dan hukuman dalam pendidikan kanak-kanak menurut Ibn Hajar al-Haytami (M.974 H): Analisis kitab Tahrir al-Maqal Fi Adab wa Ahkam wa Fawa’id Yahtaju Ilayha Mu’addibu al-Atfal / Mohd Hasem Almuddin
Full text linkDisiplin dan hukuman adalah antara subjek yang terbabit dalam pendidikan termasuk pendidikan Islam, malah ramai ilmuwan Muslim turut membincangkannya. Ibn Ḥajar al- Ḥaytamī (909-974 H/ 1503-1566 M) merupakan seorang ilmuwan Muslim yang lebih
dikenali dalam bidang fiqh turut membahaskan perkara tersebut menerusi karyanya Taḥrīr al-Maqāl fī Ādāb wa Aḥkām wa Fawā’id Yaḥtāj Ilayhā Mu’addibu al-Aṭfāl. Hal ini menimbulkan persoalan bagaimana bentuk perbahasan beliau terhadap kedua-dua perkara tersebut. Di samping itu, turut dipersoalkan ialah kemampuan untuk membicarakan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan. Kajian ini menganalisis pemikiran Ibn Ḥajar al-Ḥaytamī menerusi kitab Taḥrīr al-Maqāl berkenaan disiplin dan hukuman khususnya dalam pendidikan kanak-kanak memandangkan karya tersebut menjurus kepada perbahasan pendidikan kanak-kanak. Kajian ini turut mengemukakan biografi Ibn Ḥajar al-Ḥaytamī dan pengenalan kitab Taḥrīr al-Maqāl. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif yang menggunakan metode dokumentasi untuk pengumpulan data manakala dalam penelitian data beberapa bentuk metode analisis digunakan seperti metode historis, induktif, deduktif dan komparatif. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa perbincangan Ibn Ḥajar al Ḥaytamī mengenai disiplin tergambar dalam beberapa bentuk iaitu disiplin dengan penanaman nilai ukhrawi, disiplin dengan peneguhan yang positif, disiplin dengan amaran keras (taḥdhīr), disiplin dengan pengalaman, disiplin dengan kasih sayang dan disiplin dengan hukuman. Kajian ini juga mendapati Ibn Ḥajar al-Ḥaytamī turut memperincikan perbincangan mengenai hukuman dengan meletakkan beberapa perkara yang harus dipatuhi iaitu hukuman dengan keizinan dan hukuman dalam lingkungan tujuan asal pelaksanaannya untuk memperbaiki (iṣlāḥ) dan mencegah (zajr). Turut terlibat ialah hukuman memukul (ḍarb) yang menurut beliau perlulah diperhalusi dari sudut jumlah bilangan pukulan, jenis pemukul, tatacara memukul, kesalahan yang boleh membawa kepada hukuman, dan dakwaan melampau dalam memukul. Kesimpulannya, Ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī merupakan seorang ilmuwan Muslim yang berkemampuan membahaskan pelbagai disiplin, justeru mengubah persepsi bahawa beliau hanyalah seorang ahli fekah (jurist) semata-mata. Malah perbahasan beliau tentang ehwal pendidikan tidak hanya didasari teori semata-mata sebaliknya disokong oleh pengalaman yang dilalui
Beberapa pandangan Ibn Hajar al-Haytam? mengenai pendidikan kanak-kanak menerusi karya Ta?r?r al-Maq?l
No full textBeberapa Pandangan Ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī Mengenai Pendidikan Kanak-kanak Menerusi Karya Taḥrīr al-Maqāl
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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