1,720,974 research outputs found
Delivering food not above man with PHD
Full text linkThey say clothes make the man. And it would be easy to make out from his pink and grey uniform that Mohd Akmal Azhar is a Food Panda rider
FTeK berjaya anjur persidangan ETIC
Full text linkFakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan (FTeK), Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) berjaya menganjurkan persidangan Engineering Technology International Conference (ETIC 2015) buat julung-julung kalinya di Hotel Wina Holiday Villa, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia pada 24 Ogos 2015 yang lalu
Product development and evaluation of probiotic tablet from locally isolated yeast saccharomycess boulardii for stomach acid tolerance
Full text linkThe microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, or fungi that live in the gastrointestinal tract can be referred to as gut microbiota or probiotics. These microbial associates play a significant role in maintaining the diversity and proper functioning of our gut microbiota and human health in many aspects. Probiotic products are orally consumed and commercially available in various forms, such as food products or pharmaceutical dosage forms. However, every product containing live cells should survive in the manufacturing process to achieve a beneficial effect without losing viability via the storage or gastric digestion process. Therefore, the aim of the present work involves the development of probiotic formulation using a simple and less step of the manufacturing process but effectively tolerate to human stomach acid. This work involves isolation and identification of potential probiotic cells from locally kefir drink samples, probiotic tablet formulation, and evaluate the tablet performance for gastric acid tolerance. From the isolation process, nine different yeast species were successfully identified. Saccharomyces boulardii was selected based on the yeast screening process’s most positive result. This selection was made because of its ability to grow at low pH, can grow well in the high concentration of bile salt present in the medium, optimum growth at human body temperature, and can suppress certain pathogenic bacteria. In the lyophilization process, skim milk 10% was selected as a cryoprotectant agent to improve cell survivability up to 40% in the freeze-drying process. In this study, a simplex-centroid mixture design using Design of experiment (DOE) was implemented to evaluate the effect of biopolymers as an excipient, and the best combination obtained with higher microbial viability and lower dissolution time only required 39.01% CMC and 60.99% alginate for the excipient ratio based on the software analysis. These two combinations produce better acidic tolerance for the tablet containing Saccharomyces boulardii strain. Under this formulation, the predicted response values were expected to obtain microbial viability of 95.36% and dissolution time of 1.3 h. In addition, it is found that the formulated probiotic tablet is more stable in terms of viability where the viable cell count reduces only 0.22 log CFU when stored in cold temperatures which are 4.0 °C compared to a reduction of 0.57 log CFU in room temperature which is 25.0 °C over 24 weeks of storage time. This study can lead to the development of commercial production of probiotic yeast tablets with gastrointestinal tolerance because this formulation can be considered as effective, low cost, and less step by comparing with the commercial product in the market
Investigating cryoprotectant effects on saccharomyces boulardii as probiotic strain during freeze-drying for tablet development
Full text linkFreeze-drying is an effective method to maintain the therapeutic properties of probiotics in a tablet form by solidifying and then sublimating frozen water in the culture to increase their shelf life and stability. However, this method can also damage probiotic cells and can impact their viability. Cryoprotectants can improve the strain preservation of probiotics during drying, yielding a more superior and potent final product, but their efficacy depends on the microorganisms, cryoprotectant types and freeze-drying conditions. The present study looked at how different cryoprotectants affected a chosen probiotic strain Saccharomyces boulardii on its ability to survive after being freeze-dried for tablet manufacture. The yeast strain was harvested, mixed with cryoprotectants of different concentrations (sorbitol, lactose, sucrose and skim milk) and freeze-dried using a vacuum freeze dryer. After the powder was rehydrated, a plate dilution method was conducted to determine the number of viable cells. The results showed that using a cryoprotectant agent during freeze-drying significantly improved the survival rate by up to 40% compared to the control (3.65%)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Development and Evaluation of Goat Milk Tablet Using Dry Granulation Techniques for Nutraceutical Purposes
Full text linkThere are several problems for the school children to take the pure milk especially the goat milk every day because of the unpleasant taste and smell of the goat milk are not so good. Besides, the pure milk has a short life time. It is difficult to store the goat milk in a long period of time at room temperature. The solution for this problem is change the goat milk from liquid form into the chewable milk tablet that can be easily consume by the school children. Goat milk in the form of tablet formulation will increase the shelf life of the product. Therefore, the chewable goat milk tablet can be stored in a long period of time, convenience, and suitable for distribution to remote areas. In this project, the focusing was more into the optimization of
the weight adjustment of the tableting machine before and after the dry granulation to form good chewable tablet. The pre-evaluation had been done for the goat milk powder and granule after dry granulation process. It can be concluded that goat milk tablet can be an alternative to the pure goat milk. The poorly flowing properties of goat milk powder can be improved by using dry granulation techniques. Based on this study, F4D shows the best setting to produce the goat milk tablet using dry granulation technique. F4D suc
cessfully improved the flow ability and compressibility of goat milk tablet. It also produce the best goat milk tablet as it possess uniformity of weight, low friability and good hardness
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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