1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Molecular epidemiology of campylobacteriosis and evolution of Campylobacter jejuni ST-474 in New Zealand : a thesis presented in partial fullfilment [sic] of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Get PDFPopulation genetics and phylogenetics have the potential to provide enormous insights into the epidemiology
and ecology of disease causing pathogens. Molecular datasets are the basis to infer population structure,
gene flow (between host populations and between different geographical locations) and to predict the
evolutionary dynamics of pathogens. Campylobacter colonisation in food producing animals has been extensively
studied and the population structure and host association of C. jejuni, the most commonly reported
gastro-enteric pathogen, has also been well defined. In contrast, host-pathogen relationships and the population
structure of C. jejuni in urban wild birds and pets have not been well defined on a wide range of spatial
and/or temporal scales. A greater understanding of these details should allow disease control authorities to
track the transmission of pathogens from one host species to another, identify the origin of pathogens and
to better understand environmental factors influencing underlying molecular mechanisms.
In the first study in this thesis the presence of C. jejuni in mallard ducks and starlings within five playgrounds
in Palmerston North, New Zealand was studied. The prevalence of Campylobacter and C. jejuni in
both species showed a bimodal seasonal pattern. The population structure and population differentiation of
C. jejuni in these species were examined using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Rarefaction analyses
showed that the C. jejuni populations within mallard ducks were more diverse than starlings, particularly
during the winter. Pairwise fixation indices showed that the population of C. jejuni in ducks was significantly
different from that of starlings and that it differed over time. Conspicuous host association was
evident with clonal complexes of C. jejuni such as ST-1034, ST-692 and ST-1332 specific to ducks and
ST-177 and ST-682 specific to starlings. In addition, a larger proportion of C. jejuni genotypes that could
not be assigned a clonal complex were found in both ducks and starlings, particularly during the winter.
In the second study, C. jejuni from domestic pets (dogs and cats) were characterised using MLST and
by typing the cell surface antigens, porA and flaA. The ST-45 complex, a clonal complex predominantly
reported in human campylobacteriosis cases, was found to be the predominant clone present in both species.
These findings shed some light on the contribution of pets as a putative source of human campylobacteriosis
cases in New Zealand.
In the third study, the ST-474 C. jejuni genotype, considered to be the endemic strain in New Zealand, was
isolated from human cases and poultry carcasses from the Manawatu region from 2005 to 2009. Seven
samples of ST-474 were sequenced and a subset of 50 full length genes were studied. These analyses
demonstrated molecular differences between full length genes that were identical in the region used for
MLST. Further, alleles characteristic of the ST-474 genome within the investigated metabolic housekeeping
genes (n = 25) were identified. Our findings were that ST-474 genome is genetically distinct from other C.
jejuni reference genomes with respect to certain alleles. In addition, MLST alleles were found to be robust
predictors of the most recent common ancestors of a genome. The fourth study investigated the genetic
stability and vulnerability of the informational genes to various evolutionary forces within the seven ST-
474 genomes. Twenty five genes comprised of nucleotide metabolism, repair and ribosomal functions were
investigated showing a high level of genetic diversity in the DNA repair as well as nucleotide metabolic
genes such as gidA, ogt, recJ, ssb, uvrA, uvrB and xseA. In contrast, the ribosomal genes were stable
and identical across the seven genomes. The insertion of selenocysteine in three of the 25 genes indicates
the presence of horizontal gene transfer within the ST-474 genomes. It is hypothesised that the genetic
uniqueness of ST-474 may have arisen due to the geographic isolation of New Zealand, its poultry industry
and an absence of exchange of sequence types which might typically occur through international trade of
fresh poultry meat.
Collectively, the studies presented in this thesis provide a better understanding of the dynamism of C. jejuni
as a species and ST-474’s adaptational capacity and evolutionary potential (within the investigated set of
genes) in response to changing intracellular and extracellular environments. This thesis has introduced the
idea of using individual full length gene analysis, demonstrating the molecular differences between genes
that contained identical alleles at the MLST loci. The research approaches implemented in this thesis can
be readily applied to any pathogenic bacteria, particularly foodborne and emerging pathogens such as E.
coli and Salmonella. This, in turn should provide new opportunities for bacterial drug targets and vaccine
candidates
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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