18,377 research outputs found
Scientometric study of patent literature in medicine
No full textA scientometric study was performed to assess the quantitative trend of patent literature in MEDLINE throughout 1965-2005. The kind of languages, publication type, journals, and the origin of published documents were presented. The study showed that the growth of patent literature in MEDLINE with an annual growth of 11.4% was 3.6 times higher than the common growth of the MEDLINE database which had an annual growth of 3.1% through 1965-2005.
More than 90% of all documents indexed as “patents” in MEDLINE were in English followed by Russian (4.12%), French (1.36%) and German (1.20%). The study indicated that Genes and Genetics was the most frequented Major MeSH Descriptors
(Main Heading) in MEDLINE throughout the period of study.
The USA with publishing 55% of all documents indexed as patents in MEDLINE was the most prolific country in the term of patent literature, followed by England with 27%, USSR with 4%, Canada with 2%. It is remarkable that 82% of all
publications belong to the USA and England; only 18% of publications belong to other countries in the world. The origin country of four documents stayed unknown (in MEDLINE). Journal “Nature” with publishing 14% of all
documents, indexed as patents (patent literature) in PubMed was the most prolific periodical, followed by journal “Science” with 8%, “Nature-biotechnology” with 8%, “Lancet” with 2%, “BMJ” with 2%, “New Scientist” with 2% and “Food and drug law” with 1% respectively. From a total of 31 publications kind regarding to the documents indexed as patents in MEDLINE with a total frequencies of 3,207 titles, 46% of all publications were in the form of journal Articles, 22% in the form of News, 5% Letter, 5% Comment, 4% Review, 3% Editorial, 2% Newspaper Article, 2% Research Support, 2% English Abstract. The rest were less than 2%.
The proportion of publications in English showed considerable growth through 1965-2005. It reached from 52% in 1965 to 90% in 2005 an increase of 72%. Analysis of study
predicted that the percentage of publications in English in MEDLINE will reach to the saturation level at 97% in 2030. This indicates that the editorial policy of entering data to the database of MEDLINE is being changed, and the atention
of policy makers in this database have focused on the literature of science in English
The exegesis of Tabatabaei and the Hermeneutics of Hirsch: a comparative study
No full textThis thesis is a comparative study between Hermeneutics on the one hand and exegesis of the Holy Qur'an on the other. Its objective is to discover whether there are salient points of convergence between the two disciples, and whether issues germane to the Hermeneutical tradition in the West have been referred to and/or employed in Muslim works of Qur'an commentary. To this end, the works of one of the most prominent Shi'ite philosophers and exegetes. Allama Mohammad Hossein Tabataei, have been analysed and compared with the perspective and methodology of E D. Hirsch, one of the most important hermeneuticians in the Western World. Hirsch has been chosen since, in the opinion of the author, there is a considerable number of commonalities between the Hirschian approach to hermeneutics and the exegetical methodology of Tabatabaei and other Shi'ite Muslim interpreters of the Qur'an.. Hirsch, as an objectivist, along with a number of other Hermeneutical scholars, are critical of those who subscribe to philosophical Hermeneutics, such as Heideger and Gadimer. The same approach is taken in Tabatabaei's works, thus providing a strong rationale for an academic comparison of these two scholars. For this reason, this thesis attempts to study the theories of Tabatabaei and Hirsch in order to highlight the similarities and differences in their works. The central hypothesis is that while small differences in approach exist, there is much common ground, and that it is possible to use certain facets of Hirschian hermeneutics in the interpretation of the Qur'an, thus modernising some of the existing exegetical approaches employed by Shi'ite scholars.Since the aim of this thesis is to compare the interpretive works of Tabatabaei with those of Hirsch's, an introductory chapter has been dedicated to the study of the evolution of Shi'ite exegesis from the beginning to date. Tabatabaei's Al-Mizan has been chosen as the foremost work of Shi'ite exegesis in the modem period. Furthermore, a complete chapter has also been dedicated to Tabatabai's exegetical modus operandi as reflected in Al-Mizan, in order to arrive at a better understanding of his perspectives. This research arrives at the conclusion that philosophical Hermeneutics and Epistemology have opened new horizons on which we will always be dependent. Whatever interpretive theories with regards to the understanding of the text are accepted, or whatever the tendency as far as literary criticism is concerned, or whatever ideas are accepted in the arena of philosophy of human and social sciences, the discussion of the nature of understanding in general cannot be avoided. This does not mean that Hermeneutics is limited to these new theories. Rather, the opportunity always exists to introduce new interpretive theories in connection with the understanding of the text. It is indeed possible to study these discussions in detail in a separate sphere independent of the other branches of Islamic sciences and arrive at a number of stable principles in the interpretation of the text in Islamic research
Scientometric study of patent literature in medicine
No full textA scientometric study was performed to assess the quantitative trend of patent literature in MEDLINE throughout 1965-2005. The kind of languages, publication type, journals, and the origin of published documents were presented.
The study showed that the growth of patent literature in MEDLINE with an annual growth of 11.4% was 3.6 times higher than the common growth of the MEDLINE database which had an annual growth of 3.1% through 1965-2005.
More than 90% of all documents indexed as "patents" in MEDLINE were in English followed by Russian (4.12%), French (1.36%) and German (1.20%).
The origin country of four documents stayed unknown (in MEDLINE).
Journal "Nature" with publishing 14% of all documents, indexed as patents (patent literature) in PubMed was the most prolific periodical, followed by journal "Science" with 8%, "Nature-biotechnology" with 8%, "Lancet" with 2%, "BMJ" with 2%, "New Scientist" with 2% and "Food and drug law" with 1% respectively.
From a total of 31 publications kind regarding to the documents indexed as patents in MEDLINE with a total frequencies of 3,207 titles, 46% of all publications were in the form of journal Articles, 22% in the form of News, 5% Letter, 5% Comment, 4% Review, 3% Editorial, 2% Newspaper Article, 2% Research Support, 2% English Abstract. The rest were less than 2%.
The proportion of publications in English showed considerable growth through 1965-2005. It reached from 52% in 1965 to 90% in 2005 an increase of 72%. Analysis of study predicted that the percentage of publications in English in MEDLINE will reach to the saturation level at 97% in 2030. This indicates that the editorial policy of entering data to the database of MEDLINE is being changed, and the atention of policy makers in this database have focused on the literature of science in English
2008 Economic Crisis Analysis: The Macroeconomic Approach
No full textRecent economic crisis started from the American Housing. In 2005, the price of housing started to grow and for gaining more profit, the banks inclined to housing and provided applicants with lots of facilities. With the burst of price bubbles, intense reduction of prices occurred in the housing market and the loan recipients did not have any motives to repay their loans. Therefore, the credit- providing and official organs that had given lots of facilities to the housing sector faced crisis. This recession rapidly spread to other economic sectors and shortly infected Europe and Japan, and also influenced other countries with respect to their dependence on America’s economy. This paper, with an approach to macroeconomics and IS-LM model, analyzes the recent crisis. --Economic Crisis,Macroeconomics,IS-LM Model,America's Economy
Papoli-Yazdi (Mohammad-Hossein), Le Nomadisme dans le Nord du Khorassan, Iran
No full textHourcade Bernard. Papoli-Yazdi (Mohammad-Hossein), Le Nomadisme dans le Nord du Khorassan, Iran. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 102, n°571, 1993. pp. 322-323
Author Correction: Smartphone‑based device for point‑of‑care diagnostics of pulmonary infammation using convolutional neural networks (CNNs)
No full textCorrection to: Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54939-4, published online 22 March 2024 The original version of this Article contained an error in the author name S. Mohammad-Reza Taheri which was incorrectly given as Seyed Mohammad Reza Taheri. In addition, an affiliation was omitted for S. Mohammad-Reza Taheri. The correct affiliations for S. Mohammad-Reza Taheri are listed below. Groningen University, University Medical Center groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AW Groningen, the Netherlands. Condensed Matter National Laboratory, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran. Moreover, Hossein Simaee was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran’ and ‘Integrated Biophysics and Bioengineering Lab (iBL), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran’. The correct affiliation for Hossein Simaee is listed below. Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The original Article has been corrected.</p
Economic Growth and Scientific activities. Interrelations
No full textThis study aims to investigate the relation
between GDP of countries and patent
applications issued by the United States
Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the
World Intellectual property Organisation
(WIPO), and European Patent Office (EPO)
through 2002-2005.
The main trend of U.S. patenting applications
and granted patents is presented over 40
years (1965-2005). The changes over time
in the rate of patenting and the number of
granted patents are exhibited. The Analyses
of data showed that The USA is the leading
country filing and granting patents followed
by Japan and Germany respectively. The
relationship between patent applications
and gross domestic product (GDP) of the
countries, with applications greater than
500 patents annually, is a linear relationship
with a strong correlation coefficient ( R >
0.96), in contrast to the relation of patent
applications to the population size R = 0.42
(power law)
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