1,720,955 research outputs found
Course: GIBBON (The Geometry and Image-Based Bioengineering add-On)
No full textThe slides for the GIBBON lecture presented at the IEEE Boston chapter course on "Open Source Tools for Computational Biomechanics". http://ieeeboston.org/open-source-tools-computational-biomechanics/.
www.gibboncode.or
An improved framework for the inverse analysis of skeletal muscle tissue in-vivo
No full textTHESIS 9682This thesis focusses on the development of an experimental and computational framework for the non-invasive analysis of the passive mechanical properties of living human skeletal muscle tissue. This is relevant to many areas of research including impact biomechanics and rehabilitation engineering. Although constitutive models have been proposed for muscle tissue these have been insufficiently validated for human tissue which requires non-invasive methods. Non-invasive analysis of the mechanical properties of soft tissue requires non-invasive mechanical exciting and inverse analysis of non-invasively measured experimental boundary conditions such as tissue deformation and applied load. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides excellent soft tissue contrast without ionizing radiation. In addition it allows for the measurement of soft tissue anatomy, architecture and deformation boundary conditions. Hence for mechanical excitation a novel MRI compatible and computer controllable soft tissue indentation device was developed and implemented with an accurate high acquisition rate (100Hz) optical force sensor capable of viscoelastic force registration. In order to measure the resultant deformation SPAtial Modulation of the Magnetisation (SPAMM) tagged MRI was used. Traditional SPAMM tagging methods require large numbers of repetitions of motion cycles causing repeatability difficulties and volunteer discomfort. However for this thesis a unique set of high speed SPAMM tagged MRI techniques, and fully automatic post-processing methods based on Gabor wavelet filtering, were developed allowing for the measurement of complex dynamic 3D deformation following the combination of just 3 motion cycles. The SPAMM tagged MRI techniques were validated using marker tracking in a silicone gel phantom and underwent in-vivo evaluation whereby sub-voxel accuracy and precision levels were reported. Constitutive models for passive skeletal muscle tissue were evaluated using inverse Finite Element (FE) Analysis (FEA) based fitting to experimental data from the literature. It was shown that current models do not allow appropriate modelling of anisotropy. A new constitutive law was proposed which formed a close match to the data and was based on Gaussian weighting of transverse and longitudinal direction contributions of a spherical fibre distribution model. This thesis focusses on the development of an experimental and computational framework for the non-invasive analysis of the passive mechanical properties of living human skeletal muscle tissue. This is relevant to many areas of research including impact biomechanics and rehabilitation engineering. Although constitutive models have been proposed for muscle tissue these have been insufficiently validated for human tissue which requires non-invasive methods. Non-invasive analysis of the mechanical properties of soft tissue requires non-invasive mechanical exciting and inverse analysis of non-invasively measured experimental boundary conditions such as tissue deformation and applied load. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides excellent soft tissue contrast without ionizing radiation. In addition it allows for the measurement of soft tissue anatomy, architecture and deformation boundary conditions. Hence for mechanical excitation a novel MRI compatible and computer controllable soft tissue indentation device was developed and implemented with an accurate high acquisition rate (100Hz) optical force sensor capable of viscoelastic force registration. In order to measure the resultant deformation SPAtial Modulation of the Magnetisation (SPAMM) tagged MRI was used. Traditional SPAMM tagging methods require large numbers of repetitions of motion cycles causing repeatability difficulties and volunteer discomfort. However for this thesis a unique set of high speed SPAMM tagged MRI techniques, and fully automatic post-processing methods based on Gabor wavelet filtering, were developed allowing for the measurement of complex dynamic 3D deformation following the combination of just 3 motion cycles. The SPAMM tagged MRI techniques were validated using marker tracking in a silicone gel phantom and underwent in-vivo evaluation whereby sub-voxel accuracy and precision levels were reported. Constitutive models for passive skeletal muscle tissue were evaluated using inverse Finite Element (FE) Analysis (FEA) based fitting to experimental data from the literature. It was shown that current models do not allow appropriate modelling of anisotropy. A new constitutive law was proposed which formed a close match to the data and was based on Gaussian weighting of transverse and longitudinal direction contributions of a spherical fibre distribution model
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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