170 research outputs found
The International RLN Anatomic Classification System
No full textWith this chapter we offer an anatomy-based classification system of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN); a classification that embraces normal anatomy as well as embryological and acquired sources of variation in the trajectory of the right and left RLN in human neck. We endeavor to put forth a classification system that encompasses all of the above sources of variations and is simple and surgically relevant so that it is maximally valuable to the surgeon during thyroidectomy.
This classification system relates to the path/trajectory of the main trunk of the RLN. We appreciate that specific interactions between the nerve and the thyroid gland occur at the tubercle of Zuckerkandl (described in Chap. 9), ligament of Berry (described in Chap. 10) and with the inferior thyroid artery (described in Chap. 7). The surgical approach to the nerve can be conceptualized in a number of different ways and this is detailed in Chap. 13. In this chapter both the basic classification of RLN surgical anatomic path in the neck base as it relates to the thyroid surgery as well as vagal carotid sheath anatomy are described
Arbitration and Dispute Settlement in Foreign Indirect Investment. The increasing significance and use of arbitration in international loan agreements, syndicated loans and international bond issues
No full textThis dissertation examines the suitability of arbitration for the resolution of securities regulatory claims and it adoption globally, which has resulted in international arbitration becoming the favoured dispute resolution mechanism in the securities industry. The author explains that disputes arising out of international bilateral and syndicated loan agreements are generally considered to be arbitrable, while international bond disputes are often derived from the controversies over the application of mandatory national laws and the compliance with securities regulation provisions - so the arbitrability of international bond disputes depends on the acceptance of the arbitrability of securities regulatory claims
Changes in electromyographic amplitudes but not latencies occur with endotracheal tube malpositioning during intraoperative monitoring for thyroid surgery: Implications for guidelines
No full textObjectives/Hypothesis: During intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, endotracheal
(ET) tube migration can result in a decrease in vocalis electromyographic (EMG) amplitude without a concordant latency
elevation during stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN).
Study Design: Retrospective review.
Methods: Data were reviewed retrospectively for thyroid and parathyroid surgery patients with IONM of the laryngeal
nerves from January 2015 to December 2015. Recordings of vocalis EMG amplitudes and latencies with RLN stimulation
were obtained with the neuromonitoring ET tube surface electrodes in optimal baseline position, with vertical displacement
away from the vocalis, and with rotational change away from baseline.
Results: ET tube surface electrode EMG recordings were obtained with stimulation of seven left and three right RLNs in
a total of 10 patients. Mean vocalis EMG amplitudes were reduced with vertical displacement 1 and 2 cm both inferior and
superior to baseline and with rotational change (458 and 908 clockwise and counterclockwise, 1808), although amplitude
change with 458 clockwise and 1808 rotation did not meet statistical significance. Mean EMG latency values did not change
significantly from baseline with either rotation or vertical displacement of the ET tube.
Conclusions: An isolated decrease in EMG amplitude without concordant latency elevation should warrant re-evaluation
of ET tube position during thyroid and parathyroid surgery and is in contrast to a combined event, with both EMG amplitude
decrease and concordant latency increase, which is more suggestive of a true neuropraxic injury.
Key Words: Thyroid and parathyroid surgery, intraoperative neural monitoring, electromyography, recurrent laryngeal
nerve, combined event, amplitude change.
Level of Evidence: 4.
Laryngoscope, 00:000–000, 201
The tautological ring of the moduli space of curves
No full textThe tautological ring of the moduli space of curves M_g is a subring R^*(M_g) of the Chow ring A^*(M_g). The tautological ring can also be defined for other moduli spaces of curves, such as the moduli space of curves of compact type M^c_g or the moduli space of Deligne-Mumford stable pointed curves Mbar_{g,n}. We conjecture and prove various results about the structure of the tautological ring.
In particular, we give two proofs of the Faber-Zagier relations, a large family of relations between the kappa classes in R^*(M_g) that contains all known relations. The first proof (joint work with R. Pandharipande) uses the virtual geometry of the moduli space of stable quotients developed by Marian, Oprea, and Pandharipande. The second proof (joint work with R. Pandharipande and D. Zvonkine) uses Witten's class on the moduli space of 3-spin curves and the classification of semisimple cohomological field theories by Givental and Teleman. The second proof has the disadvantage that it only proves the image of the Faber-Zagier relations in cohomology, but the advantage that it also proves an extension of the relations to Mbar_{g,n} that was conjectured by the author. These relations on Mbar_{g,n} and their restrictions to smaller moduli spaces of curves seem to describe all known relations in the tautological ring.
We also prove several combinatorial results about the structure of the Gorenstein quotient rings of R^*(M_g) and R^*(M^c_g). This includes several new families of relations that are similar to the Faber-Zagier relations, as well as joint work with F. Janda giving formulas for ranks of restricted socle pairings in R^*(M^c_g).
The appendix presents data obtained by computer calculations of the tautological relations on Mbar_{g,n} and their restrictions to M^c_{g,n} and M^{rt}_{g,n} for small values of g and n. The data suggests several new locations in which the tautological ring might not be a Gorenstein ring
Studies on Analysis of various parameters involved in the Production of Algal Biofuel, through Practical Experiments
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Study of an advanced helmet liner concept to reduce TBI : experiments & simulation using sandwich structures
No full textThesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-130).A large percentage of combat troops suffered Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) due to Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in recent wars in the Middle East. The majority of TBIs were caused by exposure to blast waves. Use of advanced body armor has decreased the number of fatalities due to impacts after the explosions, increasing the number of observed non-fatal brain injuries from the blast waves. A large number of TBIs due to impact hits are also reported in skiers, bicyclists, football players etc. A new design concept for the helmet liners is being proposed that introduces solid or fluid filler material in channels inside the helmet liner. The main emphasis has been to improve the attenuation of incoming shock waves in the Army helmets; however, some impacts studies were also carried out for sports helmets. Directed blast experiments in collaboration with Purdue University and numerical studies using the ConWep module available in ABAQUS v6.10 are carried out. Fluid fillers are modeled using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) functionality of ABAQUS. Preliminary results using flat plate sandwich structures with rectangular channels show that the use of high density filler material results in higher levels of blast mitigation. The peak transmitted overpressure is substantially reduced, while the duration of the positive pressure pulse and the rise time are increased leading to reduced pressure gradients. Fluid filler materials were also found to be promising. Viscosity was not found to be a potential mechanism for blast mitigation as hypothesized. No significant advantage of using circular or criss-cross channel geometries was observed. Prototypes of the first design of the helmet liner with channels have been fabricated, and their testing is under way. Development of a numerical model to observe the response to blast of the modified liner coupled with the Army's Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) and a human head is also currently in progress. Experimental impact studies were carried out comparing POC ski helmets with standard ski helmets. Over multiple impacts, POC ski helmets showed substantially lower peak accelerations. Different filler materials in the sandwich structures were drop tested. Both the numerical model and the experiments showed higher impact attenuation by the use of viscous fluid in the sandwich structures subjected to drop tests.by Rahul Goel.S.M
Internet-of-Forensic (IoF): A blockchain based digital forensics framework for IoT applications
No full textDigital forensic in Internet-of-Thing (IoT) paradigm is critical due to its heterogeneity and lack of transparency of evidence processing. Moreover, cross-border legalization makes a hindrance in such process pertaining to the cloud forensic issues. This urges a forensic framework for IoT which provides distributed computing, decentralization, and transparency of forensic investigation of digital evidences in cross-border perspectives. To this end, we propose a framework for IoT forensics that addresses the above mentioned issues. The proposed solution called Internet-of-Forensics (IoF) considers a blockchain tailored IoT framework for digital forensics. It provides a transparent view of the investigation process that involves all the stakeholders (e.g., heterogeneous devices, and cloud service providers) in a single framework. It uses blockchain-based case chain to deal with the investigation process including chain-of-custody and evidence chain. Consensus is used for consortium to solve the problems of cross-border legalization. This is also beneficial for a transparent and ease of forensic reference. The programmable lattice-based cryptographic primitives produce reduced complexities. It shows benefits for power-aware devices and puts an add-on to the novelty of the presented idea. IoF is generic; hence, it can be used by autonomous security operation centers, cyber-forensic investigators and manually initiated evidences under chain-of-custody for man-made crimes. Security services are assured as required by the framework. IoF is experimented and compared with the other state-of-the-art frameworks. The outcomes and analysis prove the efficiency of IoF concerning complexity, time consumption, memory and CPU utilization, gas consumption, and energy analysis
Application of Advanced Technologies for CO2 Capture from Industrial Sources
No full textThe great majority of the research on CO2 capture worldwide is today devoted to the integration of new technologies in power plants, which are responsible for about 80% of the worldwide CO2 emission from large stationary sources. The remaining 20% are emitted from industrial sources, mainly cement production plants (∼7% of the total emission), refineries (∼6%) and iron and steel industry (∼5%). Despite their lower overall contribution, the CO2 concentration in flue gas and the average emission per source can be higher than in power plants. Therefore, application of CO2 capture processes on these sources can be more effective and can lead to competitive cost of the CO2 avoided with respect to power plants. Furthermore, industrial CO2 capture could be an important early-opportunity application, or a facilitate demonstration of capture technology at a relative small scale or in a side stream.This paper results from a collaborative activity carried out within the Joint Programme on Carbon Capture and Storage of the European Energy Research Alliance (EERA CCS-JP) and aims at investigating the potentiality of new CO2 technologies in the application on the major industrial emitters
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