92 research outputs found
PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM OMAR MUHAMMAD TOUMY DALAM PERSPEKTIF PROGRESIVISME
No full textAbstract: This article explores the progressive style of Islamic education and education philosophy initiated by Omar Muhammad at-Toumy Asy-Syaibani. In conducting the exploration, the author uses a qualitative literature research method with the primary source of the book Falsafatu at-Tarbiyah al-Islamiyah by Omar at-Toumy. The results of this paper are a progressive style in the concept of Omar's Islamic education philosophy, including (1) the concept of Tawazun (balanced) and I'tidal (proportional) applied by Omar in formulating the philosophy of Islamic education accommodating the characteristics of progressivism in education in general and at the same time providing a new color in Islamic progressivism. Omar's concept of tawazun was poured into seeing reality, seeing the process of humans getting knowledge, and sources of knowledge and knowledge that are considered valid. (2) Emphasizing individual and societal change for the better, (3) The philosophy of Islamic education is following the community environment's realities (environmentalism) and can be practiced, not utopian ideas. (4) The philosophy of Islamic education is dynamic (dynamic) which can be changed at any time according to the demands of the times (5) Humans (education subjects) as creatures (natural realities) are the best according to Islamic teachings and have intelligence (instrumentalism) as natural resources and potential in solving all problems in the world, besides that he can prosper or take advantage of all the potential that exists in his life (6) The principle of justice and equality in society (students). A progressive style can be seen in (1) The existence of practical and realistic concepts in Islamic education, not only dwelling on information and theory, (2) According to him, an educator must maintain the differences that students have. , given that students have different potentials. (3) The goals of education are also very dynamic, they are adapted to the times, and (4) The curriculum in Islamic education must also be dynamic and flexible with the times.
Keywords: Progressive,Tawazun; Tagyir; Omar Muhammad at-Toumy; Islamic Education Philosophy
Mullah Muhammed Omar A Psychobiographical Profile
No full text"Since the Taliban's internal dynamics, its organizational culture, its organizational structure, its future, its strategic objectives and ideology are all controlled, embedded, defined, envisioned, imparted and imbued by its leader, a convincing argument can be made that the Taliban is a reflection of its leader Mullah Muhammad Omar. Thus, given that the Taliban would likely continue to fight on in some capacity were Mullah Omar to die from natural causes or be 'martyred,' it follows that the Taliban as an armed group cannot fully be understood or engaged effectively without assessing Mullah Omar as their leader. Ultimately, this exercise has many 'predictive implications,' among them providing insight not only into how to negotiate with Mullah Omar or with the Taliban in his absence, but also in terms of policy decisions causing or contingency plans reacting to a Taliban without Mullah Omar and his likely successor. Acknowledging that the author is not a psychologist, an informed psychobiographical profile can still be composed drawing parallels from other profiles psychologists like former CIA profiler and psychologist Jerrold M. Post have assembled in the past as well as drawing upon the author's advanced studies in terrorism and insurgency, the Arabic language and culture, the Middle East, Central and Southern Asia. Jerrold Post's outline for assessing leaders from a distance provides the basis for conducting this leadership profile and assessment of Mullah Omar.
The role of the accused in English and Islamic criminal justice
No full textThis thesis is a comparative study of the role of the accused in the systems of
English and Islamic criminal justice. It seeks to explore the underlying
relationship between the individual and the state through an historical, structural
and contextual analysis of their rules relating to questioning and of confessions.
The analysis of the English system covers the period 1800 to 1984, with
particular reference to developments during the nineteenth century when the
foundations for the modern English state were established. The analysis of the
Islamic system combines traditionally Islamic and modern methods, assessing the
"Islamisation" movement in Malaysia through a religico-structural understanding
of juristic opinion from the four main schools of Sunnite jurisprudence.
The thesis contributes to existing knowledge on a number of levels: first, it
questions and revises the "myth" of "progress" that has dominated observations
of the history of the English criminal justice system; second, it elucidates the
relationship between Islamic law in theory and the law that is applied and
proposed in its name in Muslim states; third, it provides an analytical framework
for drawing comparisons between the underlying values of the systems of English
and Islamic criminal justice.
While acknowledging fundamental differences in terms of outlook and
articulation, the author concludes there are important similarities expressed
through such notions as "suspect" in the English system and "kafir"I"fasiq" in the
Islamic. These act as intermediate constitutional categories to whom the state
owe less protection. But the author notes also that these similarities are not
observed necessarily in the "law" which is implemented or proposed in Muslim
states; exact correspondence depends upon the over-arching political structure
and the institution of Caliphate.
The thesis is divided into six chapters: chapter one sets out the conventional view
of the historical development of English criminal procedure and evidence;
chapter two subjects that to a critique and chapter three offers a revised thesis.
Chapter four, explores methods for interpreting and explaining Islam; chapter
five sets out rules relating to confessions and questioning according to the four
Sunni schools; chapter six puts them into "context" through an examination of
the "Islamisation" process in Malaysia
Conversion of African Americans to Islam : a sociological analysis of the Nation of Islam and associated groups
No full text'Conversion of African Americans to Islam: A Sociological Analysis of the Nation of
Islam Associated groups' is an empirical study of the religious experience of people
who had/have distinctive features in terms of race, ethnicity and historical experience.
The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how African Americans' (AAs) conversion
experience in general, and the Nation of Islam associated groups' conversion in
particular, differ from the studies of recruitment and conversion in the sociology of
religion and New Religion Movements (NRMs). More specifically, their recruitment
and conversion experiences to Islam diverge from those who converted to mainstream
Islam. The study investigates how AAs' historical experience, soci-economic
difficulties and the racism they encountered shaped and influenced their religious
understanding.
Research methods involved participant observations, a survey questionnaire, interviews,
conversations, personal communications and correspondence. To collect ethnographic
data eleven months field research was conducted mainly in the Chicago area and on two
short visits to Detroit, and three years continued communications with Muslim officials
and academics in the area. During the field research and afterwards through personal
communication 181 survey questionnaire responses were received, and 23 Muslim
officials, academics and ordinary Muslims were interviewed through semi-structured,
unstructured interviews, conversation and correspondence.
The thesis begins with a brief history of Islam and Muslims in general and the African
American Muslims (AAMs) in particular. More emphasis is given on the historical
development of the Nation of Islam (NOl). Then in Chapter III, discussions of schisms
in the history of the NOT are examined from sociological perspectives of social and
religious movements. In Chapter IV I aimed to formulate my own perspective to
analyse and study the conversion experiences of AAMs to Islam. I used a multivariate
approach, considering selectively widely held conversion and recruitment theories in the
sociology of the religion. I consider in Chapter V the predisposing conditions for AAMs
that influence their decision-making to join in the NOT, for example, political and
nationalistic sentiments and socio-economic deprivations. In Chapter VI I have applied
different terms to describe their religious experiences, such as conversion, alteration and
reversion. I have analysed further their encounters with the NOT, the methods of
recruitment they used and their major motives for joining the NOT and converting to
Tslam. In the concluding chapters (Chapter VII VTTT) I describe the different responses
of AAMS to Islam following the death of Elijah Muhammad. It is found out that the
Islamic appeal has polarised. While Farakhan's NOT appeared to continue the tradition
and style of the old NOI with the emphasis on nationalistic and socio-economic factors,
Tmam W. D. Mohammed's community turned more to the religious and spiritual aspects
of Tslam. These different approaches led to a polarisation of the appeal of Tslam to
AAMS.
This thesis contributes to knowledge in four key areas; the sociology of religion and
religious movements, the sociology of social and nationalistic movements, religious and
Islamic studies
Annotation of conceptual co-reference and text Mining the Qur'an
No full textThis research contributes to the area of corpus annotation and text mining by developing novel domain specific language resources. Most practical text mining applications restrict their domain. This research restricts the domain to the Qur'anic Text.
In this thesis, a number of pre-processing steps were undertaken and annotation information were added to the Qur'an. The raw Arabic Qur'an was pre-processed into morphological units using the Qur'anic Arabic Corpus (QAC). Qur'anic terms were indexed and converted into a vector space model using techniques in Information Retrieval (IR). In parallel, nearly 24,000 Qur'anic personal pronouns were annotated with information on their referents. These referents are consolidated and organized into a total of over 1,000 ontological concepts. Moreover, a dataset of nearly 8,000 pairs of related Qur'anic verses are compiled from books of scholarly commentary on the Qur'an. This vector space model, the pronoun tagging, the verse relatedness dataset, and the part-of-speech tags available in QAC all together served for a number of Qur'anic text mining applications which were rendered online for public use. Among these applications: lemma concordance, collocation, POS search of the Qur'an, verse similarity measures, concept clouds of a given verse, pronominal anaphora and Qur'anic chapter similarity.
Furthermore, machine learning experiments were conducted on automatic detection of verse similarity/relatedness as well as categorization of Qur'anic chapters based on their chronology of revelation. Domain specific linguistic features were investigated to induct learning algorithms. Results show that deep linguistic and world knowledge is needed to reach the human upper bound in certain computational tasks such as detecting text relatedness, question answering and textual entailment. However, many useful queries can be addressed using text mining techniques and layers of annotations made available through this research. The works presented here can be extended to include other similar texts like Hadith (i.e., saying of Prophet Muhammad), or other scriptures like the Gospels
On designing a sequential based EWMA structure for efficient process monitoring
No full textControl chart is a popular technique that is widely used in statistical process control to identify any possible deviations from a stable state of a process. Shewhart charts are famous for identifying larger shifts, while cumulative sum and exponentially weighted moving average control charts are well known for identifying smaller shifts in process parameters. This study examines the performance of a sequential-based EWMA (namely (Formula presented.)) chart for observing the location of a normally distributed process. The performance of (Formula presented.) is oberved by using several overall run length properties (like average, median and standard deviation). The comparative study reveals that the overall performance of the proposed design is better than the existing counterparts. Moreover, the superiority depends on the choice of the design parameters of the proposed chart. A real-life data set from a steel rod manufacturing industry were considered to show the real-life illustration of the proposed design. 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewer for the constructive comments that helped in improving the initial version of the paper. The author Saddam Akber Abbasi would like to acknowledge Qatar University for providing excellent research facilities. The authors, M. Hafidz Omar and Muhammad Riaz, would also like to acknowledge the research facilities provided by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM).Scopu
A reappraisal of attitudes to the 'People of the Book' in the Qur'an and hadith, with particular reference to Muslim fiscal policy and the covenant of 'Umar
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Using Artificial Intelligence for Text Screening in a Systematic Review of Cardiotoxicity
No full textAcknowledgments: Under the guidance of the authors, Sweta Samantaray (PhD) provided writing support for this manuscript, Sonia Philipose (PhD) provided editorial assistance, and Subrata Kar (PhD) provided QC support (all are employees of Pfizer Inc.). Author contributions: Steven E. Canfield had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Canfield, Aziz, Omar, N’Dow, Schijvenaars, Ghith, Molony, Stenzl. Acquisition of data: Aziz, Schijvenaars, Molony. Analysis and interpretation of data: Schijvenaars, Ghith, Riaz Ahmed, Stenzl. Drafting of the manuscript: Omar, Schijvenaars, Ghith, Riaz Ahmed. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors. Statistical analysis: None. Obtaining funding: Ghith. Administrative, technical, or material support: Canfield, Aziz, Omar, N’Dow, Schijvenaars, Ghith, Riaz Ahmed, Molony, Stenzl. Supervision: N’Dow, Ghith, Riaz Ahmed, Stenzl. Other: None.Peer reviewe
The effect of diosgenin and condensed tannin in Musa x paradisiaca flower on rats milk composition and growth rate of suckling pups
No full textThe presence of secondary compounds has been recognized to have a profound effect upon both the nutritive and feeding value of foods. These effects are beneficial in some instances. In this study, a steroid saponin known as diosgenin and condensed tannin from Musa x paradisiaca flower were evaluated for its potential efficacy in accelerating growth rate of Sprague Dawley suckling pups. Nutrients composition of milk collected from the nursing rats using a modified mechanical device after an injection of oxytoxin were also determined. Pups growth rates (g/day) for all treatments groups were measured as the slope of the regression of y = pup weight versus x = day of lactation. Pups growth rate was significantly improved for the groups treated with the aqueous and diosgenin extract in which the equation are y = 1.871x – 0.271 and y = 1.712x + 2.059, compared to negative control, metochlopramide and tannin which are y = 1.434x + 2.221, y = 1.349x + 3.602 and y = 1.221x + 5.397, respectively. The proximate value in dry weight basis of milk showed that it contains of moisture, fat, protein, ash and carbohydrate of 4.179 – 5.739 %, 36.248 – 45.563 %, 30.323 – 34.293 %, 6.52 - 8.451 % and 10.475 – 16.751 %, respectively. High protein content measured in milk of diosgenin extract group suggests a possible effect of the extract in improving growth rate of the suckling pups
The Islamist movement in Sudan : the impact of Dr Hassal al-Turabi's personality on the movement.
No full textSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DX201005 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
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