1,720,970 research outputs found
Comparison of antimicrobial and wound-healing effects of silver nanoparticle and chlorhexidine mouthwashes: an in vivo study in rabbits
Full text linkThe objective is to formulate a silver nanoparticle mouthwash and then evaluate its antimicrobial and wound-healing effects in rabbit animal models. Microbial samples were collected from the oral cavity of 60 rabbits. Thereafter, standardized wounds were created in the lateral border of the tongue on the right side for all rabbits. After surgery, digital photographs were obtained from the wounds with standardized settings. To characterize the silver nanoparticles used in the synthetic mouthwash, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and digital light scattering analysis were used. The animal models were then randomly divided into 4 groups: group 1 received 9.80 wt% silver nanoparticle mouthwash; group 2 received all the ingredients of the formulated mouthwash except for silver nanoparticles; group 3 received chlorhexidine 2.0% mouthwash; and the negative control group did not receive any postoperative mouthwash. Microbial samples were collected from oral cavity of the rabbits each day for four postoperative days. Colony-forming unit (CFU) counts were compared post-operatively with the pre-operative counts. In addition, standardized digital photographs were taken each day from the wounds and the area of the wounds was compared in postoperative and pre-operative images. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and repeated measures variance analysis (α = 0.05). TEM revealed spherical morphology of silver nanoparticles and digital light scattering showed an average size of 5 nm and optimal distribution of the nanoparticles. CFU count significantly decreased in groups 1 and 3 (P 0.05). Silver nanoparticle mouthwash possesses favorable antibacterial and wound-healing effects. The formulated 9.80 wt% silver nanoparticle mouthwash with a particle size of 5 nm can be a promising alternative for application after oral surgical procedures
Evaluating the Mandibular Trabecular Structure in Patients with and without Bruxism: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text link(1) Background: Fractal analysis has been used as a mathematical method for studying the complexity of fractal structures such as trabecular bone that look similar at different scales. Bruxism is a disorder involving nonfunctional grinding and clenching of the teeth that leads to bone resorption and fractal dimension reduction. This study aimed to evaluate the trabecular pattern of the mandibular condyle, angle, and dental region in panoramic radiographs of individuals with and without bruxism using fractal analysis and a larger sample size. (2) Methods: A total of 365 panoramic radiographs belonging to two groups consisting of bruxism and non-bruxism individuals were assessed using fractal analysis. Fractal dimension (FD) values were calculated on each side for the three regions of interest (ROIs): the mandibular condylar head, mandibular angle, and interdental region between the second premolar and first molar. Statistical analysis was performed using binominal and chi-square tests, the Shapiro–Wilk test, and the Mann–Whitney test (α = 0.05). (3) Results: No significant differences were observed between the FD values of the ROIs in the two groups (p > 0.05). (4) Conclusions: No significant differences existed in the FD values of the ROIs in patients with and without bruxism. This result shows that fractal analysis of panoramic radiographs cannot be useful in detecting patients with bruxism
Temporomandibular disk position after orthognathic surgery: A systematic review
No full textOrthognathic surgery corrects dentofacial deformities by repositioning maxillary and mandibular bones. This review examined whether orthognathic surgery changes temporomandibular (TM) disk position. Databases searched on November 30, 2023 included Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were studies of orthognathic surgery in individuals with maxillomandibular deformities reporting on TM disk position. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 and Newcastle-Ottawa scales. From 948 retrieved articles, 31 were included. Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) was the most common mandibular osteotomy technique and largely maintained disk position post-operatively. Intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) appeared to improve disk position, though studied less extensively. Overall, surgery had conflicting effects on disk position; quantitative methods showed little change. Limitations were small sample sizes and lack of standardization in assessing disk position. In conclusion, orthognathic surgery does not consistently alter TM disk position, though IVRO may confer some benefit. Larger, standardized studies are needed to better understand effects on TM joint status
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Actinomycotic Sinomaxillary Infection in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
No full textIndividuals with COVID-19 are prone to a variety of infections due to immune dysregulation. The present report presents a case of actinomycotic infection in the maxillary bone and sinus region in a patient with a history of COVID-19. This case report highlights the importance of considering bacterial infections including actinomycosis when encountering destructive lesions resembling more prevalent fungal infections due to different therapeutic medication protocols. In addition, a literature review of the existing reports of similar post-COVID-19 actinomycotic infection is presented
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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