34 research outputs found
Plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes across hospitalized treatment
No full textYusuke Kawachi; Yuya Fujishima; Hitoshi Nishizawa; Hirofumi Nagao; Takashi Nakamura; Seigo Akari; Takayo Murase; Naohiro Taya; Kazuo Omori; Akimitsu Miyake; Shiro Fukuda; Mitsuyoshi Takahara; Shunbun Kita; Naoto Katakami; Norikazu Maeda; Iichiro Shimomura. Plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes across hospitalized treatment. J Diabetes Investig. 2020.Aims/Introduction: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes hypoxanthine and xanthine to xanthine and uric acid, respectively. Plasma XOR activity has recently been measured in humans. However, limited information is known about plasma XOR activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its changes after short-term glycemic control treatment. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 28 Japanese patients (10 men/18 women) with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized to undergo medical treatment for diabetes. Plasma XOR activity, quantified using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography, and other clinical parameters were examined at admission and 2 weeks after treatment during hospitalization. Changes in plasma XOR activity after treatment during hospitalization and associated clinical parameters were assessed. Results: At the time of admission, the median plasma XOR activity was 83.1 pmol/h/mL, with a wide range of 14.4–1150 pmol/h/mL. Multiple regression analysis identified serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels as significant and independent factors correlating with the baseline plasma XOR. Two weeks of treatment during hospitalization was associated with a significant decrease in plasma XOR activity. Changes in serum aspartate transaminase were also the only significant and independent factor correlating with changes in plasma XOR activity. Conclusions: A close relationship was observed between plasma XOR activity and liver transaminases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, cross-sectionally, and also across treatment during hospitalization
Fetal development of the mesonephric artery in humans with reference to replacement by the adrenal and renal arteries
No full textAccording to the classical ladder theory, the mesonephric arteries (MAs) have a segmental arrangement and persist after regression of the mesonephros, with some of these vessels becoming definitive renal arteries. To avoid interruption of blood flow, such a vascular switching would require an intermediate stage in which two or more segmental MAs are connected to a definitive renal artery. To examine developmental changes, especially changes in the segmental distribution of MAs, we studied serial paraffin sections of 26 human embryos (approximately 5–7 weeks). At 5–6 weeks, 1–2 pairs of MAs ran anterolaterally or laterally within each of the lower thoracic vertebral segments, while 2–5 pairs of MAs were present in each of the lumbar vertebral segments, but they were usually asymmetrical. The initial metanephros, extending along the aorta from the first lumbar to first sacral vertebra, had no arterial supply despite the presence of multiple MAs running immediately anterior to it. Depending on increased sizes of the adrenal and metanephros, the MAs were reduced in number and restricted in levels from the twelfth thoracic to the second lumbar vertebra. The elimination of MAs first became evident at a level of the major, inferior parts of the metanephros. Therefore, a hypothetical arterial ladder was lost before development of glomeruli in the metanephros. At 7 weeks, after complete elimination of MAs, a pair of symmetrical renal arteries appeared near the superior end of the metanephros. In conclusion, the MAs appear not to persist to become a definitive renal artery.Depto. de Anatomía y EmbriologíaFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu
Plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in Japanese patients with type2 diabetes across hospitalized treatment
No full textYusuke Kawachi; Yuya Fujishima; Hitoshi Nishizawa; Hirofumi Nagao; Takashi Nakamura; Seigo Akari; Takayo Murase; Naohiro Taya; Kazuo Omori; Akimitsu Miyake; Shiro Fukuda; Mitsuyoshi Takahara; Shunbun Kita; Naoto Katakami; Norikazu Maeda; Iichiro Shimomura. Plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes across hospitalized treatment. J Diabetes Investig. 2020.Aims/Introduction: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes hypoxanthine and xanthine to xanthine and uric acid, respectively. Plasma XOR activity has recently been measured in humans. However, limited information is known about plasma XOR activity in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus, and its changes after short-term glycemic control treatment. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 28 Japanese patients (10 men/18 women) with type2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized to undergo medical treatment for diabetes. Plasma XOR activity, quantified using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography, and other clinical parameters were examined at admission and 2weeks after treatment during hospitalization. Changes in plasma XOR activity after treatment during hospitalization and associated clinical parameters were assessed. Results: At the time of admission, the median plasma XOR activity was 83.1pmol/h/mL, with a wide range of 14.4–1150pmol/h/mL. Multiple regression analysis identified serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels as significant and independent factors correlating with the baseline plasma XOR. Two weeks of treatment during hospitalization was associated with a significant decrease in plasma XOR activity. Changes in serum aspartate transaminase were also the only significant and independent factor correlating with changes in plasma XOR activity. Conclusions: A close relationship was observed between plasma XOR activity and liver transaminases in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus, cross-sectionally, and also across treatment during hospitalization
Plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in Japanese patients with type2 diabetes across hospitalized treatment
No full textYusuke Kawachi; Yuya Fujishima; Hitoshi Nishizawa; Hirofumi Nagao; Takashi Nakamura; Seigo Akari; Takayo Murase; Naohiro Taya; Kazuo Omori; Akimitsu Miyake; Shiro Fukuda; Mitsuyoshi Takahara; Shunbun Kita; Naoto Katakami; Norikazu Maeda; Iichiro Shimomura. Plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes across hospitalized treatment. J Diabetes Investig. 2020.Aims/Introduction: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes hypoxanthine and xanthine to xanthine and uric acid, respectively. Plasma XOR activity has recently been measured in humans. However, limited information is known about plasma XOR activity in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus, and its changes after short-term glycemic control treatment. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 28 Japanese patients (10 men/18 women) with type2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized to undergo medical treatment for diabetes. Plasma XOR activity, quantified using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography, and other clinical parameters were examined at admission and 2weeks after treatment during hospitalization. Changes in plasma XOR activity after treatment during hospitalization and associated clinical parameters were assessed. Results: At the time of admission, the median plasma XOR activity was 83.1pmol/h/mL, with a wide range of 14.4–1150pmol/h/mL. Multiple regression analysis identified serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels as significant and independent factors correlating with the baseline plasma XOR. Two weeks of treatment during hospitalization was associated with a significant decrease in plasma XOR activity. Changes in serum aspartate transaminase were also the only significant and independent factor correlating with changes in plasma XOR activity. Conclusions: A close relationship was observed between plasma XOR activity and liver transaminases in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus, cross-sectionally, and also across treatment during hospitalization
Influence of amino acid residues near the active site of cytochrome P450 from Bacillus megaterium on the selectivity of n-octane oxidation to octanol regioisomers
No full textEsophageal metastasis of breast cancer during endocrine therapy for pleural dissemination 21 years after breast surgery: a case report
No full textAbstract Background The esophageal metastasis of breast cancer is rare. Moreover, it is extremely unusual for patients to experience the symptoms of esophageal metastasis during their lifetimes. We present a case of dysphagia caused by esophageal metastasis after a long interval following a primary mastectomy. Case presentation A 77-year-old woman with a history of heterochronous bilateral breast cancer and under treatment for pleural dissemination recurrence originating from right breast cancer complained of dysphagia. At the age of 56, she had undergone a right radical mastectomy for right breast cancer. The histopathological findings revealed invasive ductal carcinoma, pT3N1M0, which was estrogen receptor (ER)- and progesterone receptor (PgR)-positive. At the age of 73, she underwent a second operation, a left modified radical mastectomy. The histopathological examination revealed invasive ductal carcinoma, pT1N0M0, which was negative for ER, PgR, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Four years after completion of adjuvant therapy for the left breast cancer, pleural effusion on her left side was observed and histopathological examination of a sample revealed pleural dissemination resulting from the right breast cancer. After initiation of therapy for recurrence, she developed dysphagia and, therefore, underwent an upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopic examination. The examination revealed whole circumferential stenosis and a band unstained by Lugol’s solution located 30 cm from her incisors. Examination of a biopsy specimen revealed a subepithelial luminal structure and dysplastic cells. Immunostaining was positive for CK7 and negative for CK20; furthermore, the sample was ER and PgR-positive. Considering the pathological findings, the patient was diagnosed with esophageal metastasis of her right breast cancer. Conclusions Metastatic lesions in the esophagus are often located in the submucosa; therefore, they may not be definitively diagnosed by histopathological examination of mucosal biopsy specimens. Esophageal metastasis originating from breast cancer often occurs as a part of multiple organ metastases; however, esophageal metastasis is usually not considered a prognostic factor for patients. Therefore, treatment should be determined according to the severity of the other metastatic sites and the degree of esophageal stenosis
Finite-q antiferrotoroidal and ferritoroidal order in a distorted kagome structure
No full textA highly geometrically frustrated lattice structure such as a distorted kagome (or quasikagome) structure enriches physical phenomena through coupling with the electronic structure, topology, and magnetism. Recently, it has been reported that an intermetallic HoAgGe exhibits two distinct magnetic structures with the finite magnetic vector q = (1/3, 1/3, 0): One is the partially ordered state in the intermediate-temperature region, and the other is the kagome spin ice state in the lowest-temperature region. We theoretically elucidate that the former is characterized by antiferrotoroidal ordering, while the latter is characterized by ferritoroidal ordering based on the multipole representation theory, which provides an opposite interpretation to previous studies. We also show how antiferrotoroidal and ferritoroidal orderings are microscopically formed by quantifying the magnetic toroidal moment activated in a multiorbital system. As a result, we find that the degree of distortion for the kagome structure plays a significant role in determining the nature of antiferrotoroidal and ferritoroidal orderings, which brings about the crossover between the antiferro-type and the ferri-type distributions of the magnetic toroidal dipole. We confirm such a tendency by evaluating the linear magnetoelectric effect. Our analysis can be applied irrespective of lattice structures and magnetic vectors without annoying the cluster origin
Identification of a gene required for de novo DNA methylation of the zebrafishno tail gene
No full text濺鍍MgB2薄膜的X光吸收光譜
No full text[[abstract]]摘要
MgB2是2001年由日本J. Akimitsu教授實驗室首先發現的新超導材料。由於其具有比一般傳統金屬性超導幾乎2倍的超導臨界溫度、高度的實際應用性，加上此材料的晶格結構及電子結構特殊，其超導性質無法完全以BCS理論解釋，而引起各界的高度關注。
我們嘗試以兩階段方式成長MgB2膜於R-plane Al2O3上。首先以熱蒸鍍( Thermal Evaporator Deposition)和射頻磁控濺鍍(Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering Deposition)兩種鍍膜方式鍍出各種初級膜，再將初級膜置於高溫爐退火(annealing)處理。
接著，我們將這些成長於R-plane Al2O3的薄膜拿至同步輻射中心做X光吸收譜的實驗，得知由熱蒸鍍所得的硼膜品質相當的好，無氧化情形，但在退火處理後，卻未發現硼膜有所變化。而濺鍍靶材Mg -rich MgB2所得的初級膜含有少量的B2O3，經退火處理後，發現B2O3消失，反而出現MgO的訊號。
不過此樣品的B-edge吸收譜已接近MgB2 powder的吸收譜，故我們再嘗試不同的退火條件終於成功的製作出臨界溫度約30K的多晶(polycrystalline)MgB2膜。
Quaternary Geochronology Using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) – Current Status of the AMS System at the TONO Geoscience Center
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